680 research outputs found
Pathogenicity of a baculovirus infection causing white spot syndrome in cultured penaeid shrimp in Taiwan
No full textEGF-induced phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells through the regulation of nestin expression
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Purification and genomic analysis of baculovirus associated with white spot syndrome (WSBV) of Penaeus monodon
No full textWHY HAS THE PAPER ENTITLED "GREATWALL-PHOSPHORYLATED Α-ENDOSULFINE IS BOTH AN INHIBITOR AND A SUBSTRATE OF PP2A-B55 HETEROTRIMERS" BY WILLIAMS, M.C. ET AL. THAT WAS PUBLISHED IN ELIFE [WILLIAMS, B.C., FILTER, J.J., BLAKE-HODEK, K.A., FUDA, N.J., SHALLOWAY, D. AND GOLDBERG, M.L. (2014) ELIFE, DOI: 10.7554/ELIFE.01695 ] NOT BEEN RETRACTED?
No full textThe paper entitled "Greatwall-phosphorylated α-Endosulfine is both an inhibitor and a substrate of PP2A-B55 heterotrimers" authored by Williams, B.C. et al. [Williams, B.C., Filter, J.J., Blake-Hodek, K.A., Fuda, N.J., Shalloway, D. and Goldberg, M.L. and Published in the Journal eLife [eLife (2014) e01695, doi: 10.7554/elife.01695] was the subject of an investigative critique [Tung, H.Y.L. (2020) J. Invest. Cri. Pub. Sci. Articles, Vol. 1, pp193-200, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5115188]. It was previously reported that the paper by Williams, et al. was riddled with Dishonest Scientific Reported, Data Falsification and possibly Data Fabrication. After, contacting the Editor in Chief of eLife, Drs Michael B. Eisen, the author of this report was referred to the Managing Editor of eLife, Dr Wei Mun Chan who is not an expert in Enzymology by any stretch of imagination. The Managing Editor of eLife apparently obtained some response from Williams, et al. which was not only unsatisfactory scientifically but aggravated the seriousness of this case as it was revealed that Williams et al. obtained conclusions of their paper based on some experiments in which they were counting ~3 cpm of radioactivity above background. When the author of this report pointed the fantastical results that Williams et al. claimed they were able to obtain, the author of this Report received no sign of life from the Managing editor and the Editor in Chief of eLife. This Report provides further evidence that Williams, B.C. et al. committed Dishonest Scientific Reporting, Data Falsification and Data Fabrication in their paper
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF SUBMITTING A PREPRINT ARTICLE TO BIORXIV AND CHEMRXIV: ARE BIORXIV AND CHEMRXIV ACTING AS MOB PEER REVIEW CENSORSHIP BOARD?
No full textAccording to their websites of bioRxiv and chemRxiv do not perform peer reviews of preprint articles that are submitted to them and that they only screen submitted preprint articles for . The experience of this author is that bioRxiv and chemRxiv not only perform extensive reviews of submitted preprint articles, they also act a Mob Peer Review Censorship Board. The qualifications of the Mob Peer Reviewers of bioRxiv and chemRxiv are questionable. It is impossible to contact the persons who run bioRxiv and chemRxiv. It is quite disturbing and disgusting that the flow of scientific information in the "freest country of the world" is controlled by two outfits that acts as Mob Peer Review Censorship Board. The actions of bioRxiv and chemRxiv which operate with tax paper's largesse are selective, opaque, arbitrary and a violations of Fundamental Right of the United States citizens to write and publish
The Incumbent's Reputation and the Effects of Negative Campaign Advertisement
No full text本研究旨在探討現任者的聲譽高／低以及?性／感性訴求型態，對於負面競選廣告的效果究竟有何影響。作者以實驗設計的方式，分別從廣告發起者是現任者或是挑戰者的?同面向?入，進???個實驗，研究結果發現：當負面廣告的發起人是現任者時，聲譽高的現任者比較?適合使用負面攻擊，因?如此一?，對於自己造成的傷害較大，其?使用感性訴求，則可以使傷害減少，而聲譽低的現任者，?發起負面攻擊，則??是使用?性或是感性訴求，並沒有顯著差?的效果；當負面廣告的發起人是挑戰者時，?其攻擊聲譽高的現任者，會對自己造成較大的傷害，然而，?攻擊聲譽低的，則會產生同情效應，使選民?加支持被攻擊者，因上述?種情況都產生於己??的結果，故挑戰者?適合使用負面競選廣告，?是執意使用，則以使用?性訴求?佳。Negative campaign ads have become an indispensable technique in modern day elections. Particularly for one-to-one elections, it is very common to see various ads attacking the other party, broadcast throughout the media. Although much research has been undertaken examining the effects of negative ads, the results are inconclusive and there are still many important issues worthy of further exploration. This paper investigates the effects of these ads on the incumbent's reputation. It also looks at which types of ads are important but were previously neglected by previous empirical research into negative campaign advertising. Based on the expectancy disconfirmation model and the theory of persuasive knowledge, we infer the hypotheses and conduct two experiments to explore the effects of these variables under different contexts: the ad sponsor being the incumbent or the challenger. Results indicate that when the sponsor is the incumbent, it is not beneficial for the incumbent to use attacking ads, as this leads to an increase in self imposed damage to reputation and a decrease in voters' voting intention to a greater degree than for those with lower reputation. Using emotional appeals would decrease the amount of damage done. As for low reputation incumbents, appealing types of advertisement do not make a significant difference to voter responses. When the ad sponsor was the challenger, attacking the high-reputation incumbent generated boomerang effect, causing greater damage to the sponsor, whilst attacking the low-reputation one would generate the victimsyndrome effect, improving voters' target evaluation, attitude, and voting intention toward the target. Thus it is not suitable for the challenger to use negative campaign ads. If he still decides to go with negative ads, rational appeals are more beneficial for him. Besides deceasing potential for self-inflicted damage, rational appeals would either make voters feel more unfavorable towards the targeted candidate or would maintain voters' political participation intent, depending on the incumbent's reputation. The implications of these and other findings are discussed
The Advertising Effectiveness of Political Text Messages: An Exploratory Study on Undergraduates from Five Universities in North Taiwan
No full text邇來的選舉，候選人大都透過手機發送大量簡訊廣告，將自己的訴求用快速、精準的方式傳遞予目標選民，以達政治傳播之目的。本研究旨在探討年輕的大學生選民對於政治簡訊廣告之反應，作者從政治簡訊的內容、發送來源、接收者個人因素三個面向切入，擬釐清廣告主題、訴求類型、內容資訊性、娛樂性、社交性、互動性、廣告發送來源、接收者個人政黨傾向、簡訊廣告一般性態度和持續性政治涉入等前置因素所造成的廣告效果。實驗結果發現：(1)以簡訊提醒選民投票及傳播正面主題，相較於負面主題，可產生較佳的廣告效果；(2)廣告訴求越理性、內容的資訊性、娛樂性、社交性越強，則會引發選民較佳的反應；(3)政治簡訊廣告發起方的政黨若與收訊選民的政黨傾向一致時，相較於不一致者，會使該則政治簡訊產生較佳的廣告效果；(4)選民對簡訊廣告的一般性態度越佳，則可連帶提升政治簡訊的廣告效果。In recent elections in Taiwan, candidates have sent a large number of political advertisements using text messages (SMS). SMS is a quick and precise means of communicating messages to the electorate. However, few scholars of political communications have empirically explored the effects of political advertisements sent by SMS, and many unanswered questions remain, such as how to design the contents of political SMS messages and how to target messages to certain receivers to achieve better results. This study examines the responses of undergraduate voters to political SMS messages, focusing on three aspects of political advertising by SMS message - message contents, message source, and message receiver. The study examines the effects of this advertising according to subject, appeal type, content informativeness, entertainment, sociality, interactivity, sources of the advertisement, party orientation of the receiver, and general attitudes toward mobile advertising, applying relevant theory from existing research on political advertising and mobile advertising. The experimental results reveal the following: (1) SMS advertisements that remind people to vote and disseminate positive information generate better effects when compared to those that disseminate negative information; (2) SMS advertisements with higher rationality, informativeness, entertainment, and sociality value achieved more positive responses; (3) Advertising effectiveness is higher when the receiver favors the party sending the SMS advertisement than when the sponsor is a competing party or when the receiver is an independent voter; and (4) Voters’ general attitudes toward mobile advertising impact their receptiveness to SMS political advertisements
Distinct contributions of metabolic dysfunction and genetic risk factors in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Full text linkFunding Information: This study was supported by Academy of Finland Grant 309263 (H.Y.-J.) and Grant 138006 (J.P.), EU H2020 project ?Elucidating Pathways of Steatohepatitis? EPoS Grant 634413 (H.Y.-J.), H2020-JTI-IMI2 EU project 777377-2 Liver Investigation: Testing Marker Utility in Steatohepatitis (LITMUS) (H.Y.-J.), Government Funding (H.Y.-J.), Novo Nordisk Foundation (H.Y.-J., P.K.L., M.A.-K.), Ralph Gr?sbeck Scholarship of the Minerva Foundation (P.K.L.), Novo Nordisk Foundation (P.K.L.), Juho Vainio Foundation (J.P.), Finnish Medical Foundation (V.M.), British Heart Foundation Senior Research Fellowship in Basic Science (FS/15/56/31645) (L.H.) and Kuopio University Hospital Project grant (J.P., EVO/VTR grants 2005-2019). Funding Information: This study was supported by Academy of Finland Grant 309263 (H.Y.-J.) and Grant 138006 (J.P.), EU H2020 project ‘Elucidating Pathways of Steatohepatitis’ EPoS Grant 634413 (H.Y.-J.), H2020-JTI-IMI2 EU project 777377-2 Liver Investigation: Testing Marker Utility in Steatohepatitis (LITMUS) (H.Y.-J.), Government Funding (H.Y.-J.), Novo Nordisk Foundation (H.Y.-J., P.K.L., M.A.-K.), Ralph Gräsbeck Scholarship of the Minerva Foundation (P.K.L.), Novo Nordisk Foundation (P.K.L.), Juho Vainio Foundation (J.P.), Finnish Medical Foundation (V.M.), British Heart Foundation Senior Research Fellowship in Basic Science (FS/15/56/31645) (L.H.) and Kuopio University Hospital Project grant (J.P., EVO/VTR grants 2005-2019). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)Background & Aims: There is substantial inter-individual variability in the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Part of which is explained by insulin resistance (IR) (‘MetComp’) and part by common modifiers of genetic risk (‘GenComp’). We examined how IR on the one hand and genetic risk on the other contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Methods: We studied 846 individuals: 492 were obese patients with liver histology and 354 were individuals who underwent intrahepatic triglyceride measurement by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A genetic risk score was calculated using the number of risk alleles in PNPLA3, TM6SF2, MBOAT7, HSD17B13 and MARC1. Substrate concentrations were assessed by serum NMR metabolomics. In subsets of participants, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and their flux were assessed by D5-glycerol and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (n = 41), and hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) was measured by D2O (n = 61). Results: We found that substrate surplus (increased concentrations of 28 serum metabolites including glucose, glycolytic intermediates, and amino acids; increased NEFAs and their flux; increased DNL) characterized the ‘MetComp’. In contrast, the ‘GenComp’ was not accompanied by any substrate excess but was characterized by an increased hepatic mitochondrial redox state, as determined by serum β-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio, and inhibition of hepatic pathways dependent on tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, such as DNL. Serum β-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio correlated strongly with all histological features of NAFLD. IR and hepatic mitochondrial redox state conferred additive increases in histological features of NAFLD. Conclusions: These data show that the mechanisms underlying ‘Metabolic’ and ‘Genetic’ components of NAFLD are fundamentally different. These findings may have implications with respect to the diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD. Lay summary: The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can be explained in part by a metabolic component, including obesity, and in part by a genetic component. Herein, we demonstrate that the mechanisms underlying these components are fundamentally different: the metabolic component is characterized by hepatic oversupply of substrates, such as sugars, lipids and amino acids. In contrast, the genetic component is characterized by impaired hepatic mitochondrial function, making the liver less able to metabolize these substrates.Peer reviewe
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