1,721,002 research outputs found
Analyse didactique d'un cours de Génie Logiciel basé sur l'approche orientée objets
No full textThe aim of this work is to study how concepts and techniques used in the development of large software in the framework of the object-oriented approach are acquired by students in "maîtrise d'informatique" (fourth year of university). A categorization of the object model's fundamental concepts was realized on the basis of various students works. This categorization is directly related to the stereotypic or prototypic way the students use the knowledge covered by the concepts they are learning. The result of the study is the definition of a criterion for a good understanding of the course, which is the notion of the abstraction. This notion is absolutely essential for the mastering of the object model, even though it is the only one for which no didactic transposition into the software engineering's teaching is available.Cette recherche a pour but d'étudier l'acquisition par des étudiants de maîtrise d'informatique des concepts et techniques de développement de grandes applications informatiques dans le cadre de l'approche orientée objets. L'observation de diverses productions d'un groupe d'étudiants a permis d'effectuer une catégorisation des concepts fondamentaux du modèle à objets en relation directe avec le mode d'utilisation stéréotypique ou prototypique adopté par les étudiants pour les connaissances que recouvrent ces concepts. Ces résultats ont mis en évidence l'existence d'un critère de bonne compréhension du cours : il s'agit de la notion d'abstraction, qui est absolument essentielle pour la maîtrise du modèle à objets, alors qu'elle est la seule à ne pas posséder de transposition didactique dans l'enseignement du Génie Logiciel.Surcin Sylvain, Choppy Christine, Sere Marie-Geneviève. Analyse didactique d'un cours de Génie Logiciel basé sur l'approche orientée objets. In: Sciences et techniques éducatives, volume 2 n°3, 1995. pp. 265-286
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Online event flow processing for complex behaviour recognition
No full textL’analyse de flux d’évènements pour reconnaître des comportements complexes prédéfinis (Complex Event Processing – CEP) permet d’interpréter et de réagir à des quantités importantes de données ne pouvant être appréhendées telles quelles. Dans cette thèse, nous fournissons le cadre théorique général d’un CEP en adoptant une approche purement formelle qui assure une possibilité de vérification et d’analyse du processus de reconnaissance. Nous définissons un langage, le langage des chroniques, permettant de décrire les comportements complexes à reconnaître. Nous formalisons la notion de reconnaissance de chronique à l’aide d’une sémantique ensembliste fondée sur une représentation arborescente des reconnaissances. Dans une visée applicative, nous développons ensuite deux modèles du processus de reconnaissance. Le premier est réalisé avec le formalisme des réseaux de Petri colorés et permet de valider les principes de reconnaissance en faisant notamment ressortir les problèmes de concurrence et de modularité. Le second implémente directement le formalisme mathématique sous la forme d’une bibliothèque C++ appelée Chronicle Recognition Library (CRL) et disponible en open source. Nous tirons parti de cette implémentation pour traiter deux cas d’applications liés à l’insertion des drones dans l’espace aérien. La première vise à surveiller la cohérence d’un système de drones insérés dans le trafic aérien, en cas de pannes de liens de communication. Notre application permet d’une part de vérifier la cohérence des procédures actuellement mises en place en cas de pannes ; et d’autre part de compléter ces procédures par des alarmes dans les situations inévitables causées par des erreurs humaines. La seconde application surveille le bon respect des procédures de sécurité d’un drone partant en mission et traversant diverses zones, contrôlées ou non, de l’espace aérien.Recognising complex predefined behaviours by the analysis of event flows (Complex Event Processing - CEP) alows to interpret and react to large quantities of data wich one would not be able to apprehend alone. In this Ph.D. thesis, we provide a general theoretical framework for CEP through a purely formal approach ensuring the possibility to check and analyse the recognition process. We define a language, the chronicle language, allowing the description of the complex behaviours to be recognised. We formalise the notion of chronicle recognition through a set semantics based on an arborescent representation of recognitions. In order to use this framework, we then develop two models of the recognition process. The first relies on coloured Petri nets and allows the validation of recognition principles including concurrency and modularity issues. The second model directly implements the mathematical formalism in a C++ library, chronicle recognition library (CRL), wich is avaible in open source. We use this implementation to fulfil two applications linked to the insertion of unmanned aircraft system inside air traffic in case of communication link breakdowns. This application allows, on the other hand, to check the consistency of the procedures currently followed in case of failures ; and, on the other hand, to complete these procedures with alarms in case of unavoidable situations caused by human errors. The second application oversees that the security procedures of an unmanned aircraft flying through controlled or uncontrolled airspace are correctly followed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Process semantics of temporal logic specification
No full textA process semantics for temporal logic specification is provided by relating a category of temporal theories and interpretations between theories where specification configuration and interconnection is achieved via colimits of diagrams, and a category of algebraic models of processes where parallel composition is explained in terms of limits of diagrams. This semantics is proved to be exact in the sense that given a diagram in the categories of theories and a model of it as a diagram in the category of processes, the limit of the process diagram is a model of the colimit of the theory diagram. In fact, any denotation of a system of interconnected specifications corresponds to a configuration of their denotations as a system of interconnected processes.</p
Modelling and Verification of Relay Interlocking Systems
No full textThis paper describes how relay interlocking systems as used by the Danish railways can be formally modelled and verified. Such systems are documented by circuit diagrams describing their static layout. It is explained how to derive a state transition system model for the dynamic behaviour of a relay system from such diagrams. Safety properties are identified and formalised as LTL formulae. Model checking is finally used to verify that a model satisfies the safety properties. The method is tested for an existing station in Denmark
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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