1,720,962 research outputs found
Postponement Practices in the Wine Industry: The contradictory impact of traditions
No full textLa croissance mondiale des exportations et la prolifération des marques, notamment des marques privées, amènent les établissements vinicoles à répartir la production entre un nombre croissant de canaux de vente avant de connaître les demandes. Un producteur peut se protéger contre l’incertitude de la demande en reportant les processus de finition qui différencient les produits de chaque canal. Si le report complique les processus de production - il faut garder des stocks intermédiaires pour les finir plus tard - il améliore la flexibilité. Le report permet de réelles économies de coût, améliore la réactivité dans la gestion de canaux de ventes multiples; cette stratégie a été utilisée avec succès dans diverses secteurs d’activité. Nous explorons les facteurs qui peuvent contribuer à l’utilisation de cette stratégie dans le secteur vitivinicole. En quoi les entreprises des régions, dans lesquelles la gestion de canaux de vente multiples est une tradition, sont-ils différents de ceux des régions plus nouvelles ou moins établies commercialement? Les traditions influencent-elles l'utilisation de ces pratiques? Les régions plus nouvelles sont elles plus ouvertes à l'expérimentation? Nous examinons des entreprises sur leurs pratiques actuelles dans six régions du monde – en France, en Italie et aux États-Unis. 745 réponses ont été obtenues dans ces trois pays, et nous considérons que haut niveau des résultats descriptifs permettent d'effectuer une comparaison interculturelle. Les pratiques courantes d'exportation reflètent la disparité entre les régions connues pour leur tradition de produire les vins et les producteurs de nouveau monde. Nous observons que les pratiques régionales sont très différentes en ce qui concerne les ventes de marques multiples et des pratiques du report ("tiré- bouché"). Les producteurs des nouvelles régions sont globalement en retard en utilisations de ces pratiques mais parfois plus ouverts aux innovations. With worldwide growth of exports and proliferation of multiple brands, including private labels, wineries must allocate production across an increasing number of sales channels before demands are known. Misallocation may simultaneously result in surpluses in some channels and lost sales in others. A winery may hedge against demand uncertainty by postponing the finishing processes that differentiate each channel’s products. While such delay results in more complex production processes, as intermediate inventories must be stored and then finished at a later date, greater flexibility results. Postponement offers cost savings and increased responsiveness for handling multiple channels, this strategy has been used successfully in different industries. We attempt to analyse the wine sector. How do wineries from regions with a tradition of managing multiple sales channels differ from wineries in newer or less commercially established regions? Is there an impact of traditions on the choice of the postponement practices? Are the new regions producing and commercializing wine more open to experimentation and innovation? We survey wineries on their current practices within six wine regions within France, Italy and the United States. As we aim to explore cross-country differences, no formal hypotheses or patterns will be defined a priori. We consider some high level descriptive results in comparing these 745 responses from the three countries. Current exporting practices more closely reflect the traditional boundaries between the old and new world. We see very different regional practices with respect to wineries sales of multiple brands and witness a division between the old world and the new world producers with respect to postponement
Managing uncertain inventories, washing, and transportation of reusable containers in food retailer supply chains
Full text linkThe food industry being pressured to reduce its environmental footprint, and replacing single-use packages with reusable containers would provide one such avenue for improving sustainability. The uncertainty of where and when containers are available for backhaul, insufficient washing service levels, and other barriers like intensive transportation have limited the widespread adoption of reusable containers. This paper models the tactical operations of a circular containers network with diverse actors, exploring the interdependence between uncertainty, service level, and transportation. A linear programming model is constructed where the packaging pooler's costs are minimized while meeting the demands and service needs of the food suppliers and the retailers. This model is applied to a real-world case study of a reusable container network in Italy involving the fresh food supply chain. The model is then augmented with simulations to estimate uncertain parameters and is resolved via robust optimization. We find that improving the pooler's current solution is possible, even with uncertainties of where and when containers are collected for backhaul. We quantify how improving washing service levels will change the network solution and raise costs. We likewise explore how reducing the distance suppliers must travel to collect containers impacts the pooler's operations and costs, as well as the overall distances and subsequent emissions associated with the transport of containers. While there is great potential to improve the current solution, future work is needed both to build better decision support tools and to understand of how to determine where on the Pareto frontier the solution will lie and perhaps influence it for the greater good. (c) 2022 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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