62,588 research outputs found
Allium ullengense H. J. Choi & N. Friensen 2019
No full textAllium ullengense H.J. Choi & N. Friensen (2019: 294) Isotype: KOREA, Gyeongsangbuk-do: Ulleng-gun, Buk-myeon, Nari, 5 June 2019, H. J. Choi 190605-001 (NIBRVP781252; Fig. 1 -32). Note: This isotype was donated by KH. The holotype is conserved in KH (KHB1592342!).Published as part of Jang, Hyun-Do, Hyun, Chang-Woo, Ryu, Seah & Lee, Sang-Jun, 2022, Type specimens of vascular plants in the herbarium of the National Institute of Biological Resources (II), pp. 229-243 in Phytotaxa 539 (3) on page 239, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.539.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/636408
Seamless handoff scheme for 4G mobile systems based on IP and OFDM
No full textThis work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering foundation(KOSEF) through the Advanced Information Technology Reasearch Center(AITrc) and University IT Research Center(ITrc) Projec
Nippobodes tamlaensis Choi 1996
No full textNippobodes tamlaensis Choi, 1996 (Figs. 34–35) Nippobodes tamlaensis Choi, 1996: 283, Figs. 3; Choi, 1997: 95; Subías, 2004: 154. Material examined: 1 adult (in alcohol, W- 89 - 53), CHINA: Fujian Province: Wuyishan City, Wuyi Mt. (27.6°N, 117.9°N), 4 Apr., 1989, Hui-Fu Wang & Yun-Qi Cui, from litter; 2 adults (in alcohol, W- 89 - 84), CHINA: Hubei Province: Hefeng County (29.8°N, 110.0°N), Fenshuiling Forest Farm, 1300 M, 30 July, 1989, Yun-Qi Cui, from litter under broadleaf forest; 1 adult (in alcohol, Li- 95 - 2), CHINA: Hubei Province: Shennongjia (31.7°N, 110.6°N), July, 1995, Qing-Tian Li. Adult. Measurements: total length 678 Μm (range 655–690), notogastral length 430 Μm (range 425–435), notogastral width 465 Μm (range 455–485). Prodorsum. Setae ro, le and in slender, very slightly barbed distally (Fig. 34); ro inserted on small tubercles on prodorsum; le inserted on tubercles anteriorly on lamella; in inserted posteriorly on lamella; ro length 195 Μm, distance between ro 95 Μm, le length 175 Μm, distance between le 170 Μm, in length 130 Μm, distance between in 275 Μm. Bothridial seta curved strongly, sickle-shaped, weakly swollen medially, attenuate. Tutorium well developed, pointed distally. Pair of condyles arise posterolaterally on prodorsum and extend posteriorly. Notogaster. Pair of rectangular humeral condyles covering posterior part of corresponding prodorsal condyles, with small tubercle present on medial margin bearing seta c (Fig. 34). Ten pairs of notogastral setae present; seta c flagellate, smooth, curved; others rather long, slightly barbed on distal half; insertions of lm located posterior to level of those of la. Setae length: c 115 Μm, la 135 Μm, lm (broken in specimen measured), lp 150 Μm, h 1 160 Μm, h 2 140 Μm, h 3 170 Μm, p 1 110 Μm, p 2 110 Μm, p 3 125 Μm. Ve nt e r. Setae ad 3 and ad 2 inserted anterior of level of anterior and posterior margins of anal opening, respectively, ad 1 inserted posterior of anal opening (Fig. 34). Legs. As for family. Immatures. Unknown. Distribution. CHINA: Hubei, Fujian; KOREA: Cheju-do.Published as part of Chen, Jun & Wang, Hui-Fu, 2007, Taxonomic study on the family Nippobodidae (Acari: Oribatida) from China, pp. 45-63 in Zootaxa 1464 on pages 59-60, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17650
Synergistic Activation of Amides and Hydrocarbons for Direct C(sp3)–H Acylation Enabled by Metallaphotoredox Catalysis
No full text© 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimThe utilizations of omnipresent, thermodynamically stable amides and aliphatic C(sp3)−H bonds for various functionalizations are ongoing challenges in catalysis. In particular, the direct coupling between the two functional groups has not been realized. Here, we report the synergistic activation of the two challenging bonds, the amide C−N and unactivated aliphatic C(sp3)−H, via metallaphotoredox catalysis to directly acylate aliphatic C−H bonds utilizing amides as stable and readily accessible acyl surrogates. N-acylsuccinimides served as efficient acyl reagents for the streamlined synthesis of synthetically useful ketones from simple C(sp3)−H substrates. Detailed mechanistic investigations using both computational and experimental mechanistic studies were performed to construct a detailed and complete catalytic cycle. The origin of the superior reactivity of the N-acylsuccinimides over other more reactive acyl sources such as acyl chlorides was found to be an uncommon reaction pathway which commences with C−H activation prior to oxidative addition of the acyl substrate11sciescopu
Structural distortion of pyridazine in the (1)(n,pi*) excited state: Evidence for local excitation
No full textKorea Research Foundatio
Estimation of interdomain flexibility of N-terminus of factor H using residual dipolar couplings
No full textCharacterization of segmental flexibility is needed to understand the biological mechanisms of the very large category of functionally diverse proteins, exemplified by the regulators of complement activation, that consist of numerous compact modules or domains linked by short, potentially flexible, sequences of amino acid residues. The use of NMR-derived residual dipolar couplings (RDCs), in magnetically aligned media, to evaluate interdomain motion is established but only for two-domain proteins. We focused on the three N-terminal domains (called CCPs or SCRs) of the important complement regulator, human factor H (i.e., FH1-3). These domains cooperate to facilitate cleavage of the key complement activation-specific protein fragment, C3b, forming iC3b that no longer participates in the complement cascade. We refined a three-dimensional solution structure of recombinant FH1-3 based on nuclear Overhauser effects and RDCs. We then employed a rudimentary series of RDC data sets, collected in media containing magnetically aligned bicelles (disklike particles formed from phospholipids) under three different conditions, to estimate interdomain motions. This circumvents a requirement of previous approaches for technically difficult collection of five independent RDC data sets. More than 80% of conformers of this predominantly extended three-domain molecule exhibit flexions of <40°. Such segmental flexibility (together with the local dynamics of the hypervariable loop within domain 3) could facilitate recognition of C3b via initial anchoring and eventual reorganization of modules to the conformation captured in the previously solved crystal structure of a C3b:FH1-4 complex.</p
Volucella thompsoni Choi & Ôhara & Han 2006, n.sp.
No full textVolucella thompsoni n.sp. (Figs. 1A–I, 5A–D) Volucella matsumurai Han et Choi, 2001: 125, 206 (as new name of V. pellucens var. japonica Matsumura, 1916), misidentification (see Remarks of V. pellucens tabanoides). Diagnosis This species can be readily distinguished from other members of the Volucella pellucens group by its longer abdominal tergite 2 (longer than tergite 3, or at most 2.4x wider than long; Figs. 5A, C). Males can be further differentiated by their basoflagellomeres in lateral view slightly constricted in middle (Fig. 1C) and the surstyli greatly shortened in lateral view (Figs. 1G, H). Description Measurements and Ratios. Body length 11–16mm; wing length 11–13.8mm; antennal length 0.92–1.26mm; wingmesonotum ratio 2.46–2.89; eye ratio 0.51–0.59; eye contiguityvertex ratio 0.44–0.59; eye contiguityfrons ratio 0.4–0.57; basoflagellomere ratio 2–2.57; vein R 4+5 ratio 0.26–0.3; vein M ratio 0.48–0.56; fore tibiabasotarsomere ratio 2.25–2.6; 2nd tergite ratio 2–2.39; 2nd tergitescutellum ratio 1.64–1.95. Male. Head (Figs. 1A–C) yellow brown ground color with dark brown to black vertical triangle, postocular orbit, posteroventral portion of face, and gena; face yellow brown pilose with varying size of black macula posteroventrally; ventral portion of face distinctly protrude with more or less pointed apex; gena shiny black with short yellow setulae; lunule shiny yellow brown; frons yellow brown with black and yellow setulae mixed; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; antenna almost entirely yellow brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere 2.1–2.6x longer than wide, slightly constricted in middle. Thorax (Figs. 5A, B) with black setae and dense black to yellow brown setulae; 4–6 notopleurals, 4–5 supraalars, 4–5 postalars; 4–6 prescutellars; 4–7 marginal scutellars; 3–5 anepisternals; scutum smooth, shiny black with brown to dark brown lateral margins; postpronotum pale yellow with yellow brown setulae; notopleuron smooth, shiny dark brown with yellow brown and black setulae mixed; scutellum smooth, shiny brown densely with short black setulae; pleural and sternal sclerites short pubescent; anterior anepisternum black with long yellow brown setulae; posterior anepisternum black with yellow brown and black setulae mixed; katepisternum black, mostly with long black setulae; anterior anepimeron shiny black with long black setulae; posterior anepimeron brownish black without any setulae; katepimeron brown to dark brown with yellow setulae; meron dark brown with few setulae posteriorly; metasternum black with long black setulae ventrally; katatergite dark brown with black setulae; anatergite dark brown without setulae. Wing (Fig. 5A) hyaline with broad discal and anterior apical dark brown maculae; narrow areas along veins M 1, dmcu, CuA 1, and CuA 2 dark brown; wing surface microtrichose except for bare areas in anterior half of cell BM and anal lobe, and anterior 2/3 of cell CuP; 3–7 setulae along vein RS; calypter pale yellow, short pubescent with long plumose marginal hairs, lengths of hairs vary but longest one about 1/3 as long as halter; halter pale to yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except basal 1/3–1/2 of fore and midtibiae dark brown; densely covered with black setulae. Abdomen (Figs. 5A, B) 1.3–1.7x longer than wide; tergite 1 shiny dark brown with yellow brown setulae; tergite 2 ivory white medially with narrow yellow brown longitudinal stripe, densely with pale setulae; tergites 3 and 4 shiny black with black setulae; sternite 1 black with yellow brown setulae; sternite 2 ivory white with pale setulae; sternite 3 anteriorly ivory white and posteriorly black; sternite 4 black with black setulae. Genitalia (Figs. 1G–I) dark brown in ground color; epandrium roughly square in lateral view; cercus yellow brown with yellow brown setulae, short, truncated in lateral view, surstylus greatly reduced with sharp posteromedial projection in lateral view, posterodorsally with inward directed 3–4 black teeth; hypandrium ventrally with whitish membrane; superior lobe basally with small triangular membranous area, single hooklike, curved downward; aedeagus pale yellow, largely membranous, and apically swollen. Female. Similar to male except for: frons almost entirely yellow brown; eyes (Figs. 1D–F) dichoptic; basoflagellomere transversely elliptic (1.9–2.3x longer than wide) without medial constriction; scutum with more extensive brownish portion than in male (Figs. 5A vs. C). Type materials Holotype Male, KOREA: Gangwondo: Wonjusi: Panbumyeon, Mt. Baegunsan, 28.VI.2000, D.S. Choi & S.K. Kim. Paratypes: KOREA: Chungcheongbukdo: Jecheonsi: Songgyeri, Jeolgol, 29. VI.1997, H.Y. Han et al., 1♂, 2♀, Chungcheongnamdo: Boryeongsi: Cheongnamyeon, Mt. Oseosan, 20.VII.1999, H.Y. Han et al., 1♀, Gangwondo: Wonjusi: Heungeopmyeon, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 3.VIII.1999, D.S. Choi, 1♀; ditto, 16.VII.2003, H.W. Byun, 1♀; ditto, 22. VI.2004, H.W. Byun, 1♀; ditto, 5.VII.2004, D.S. Choi et al., 3♀; Panbumyeon, Mt. Baegunsan, 21.VII.1998, D.S. Choi & S.K. Kim, 1♂, Yeongwolgun: Yeongwoleup, Mt. Taehwasan, 9. VI.2001, D.S. Choi & S.K. Kim, 1♂, Gyeonggido: Seongnamsi: Namhansanseong, 17.VIII.1993, S.J. Park, 1♀, Yangpyeonggun: Yongmunmyeon, Mt. Yongmunsan, 30.VII.1998, H.W. Byun et al., 1♀, Gyeongsangbukdo: Yeongjusi: Sunheungmyeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 11. VI.2004, H.W. Byun et al., 1♂, Gyeongsangnamdo: Goseonggun: Yeonghyeonmyeon, Bongrimri, 21. VI.1987, 1♀, Hamyanggun: Macheonmyeon, Mt. Jirisan, Chilson Valley (706m), Malaise trap (70% EtOH), 27. VI –23.VII.2001, D.S. Ku, 1♀; Yeohangmyeon, 31. V.1987, 1♀, Sancheonggun: Samjangmyeon, Naewonsa, 13.VII.1990, D.S. Ku, 2♀, Uljugun: Samnammyeon, Mt. Yeongchuksan, 29. VI.2003, H.Y. Han et al., 1♀, Ulsan: Sangbukmyeon, Mt. Gajisan, 23. VI.1987, 1♀; ditto, 24. VI.1987, J.K. Kim, 1♀; ditto, 27. VI.1989, K.S. Kim, 1♀; ditto, 1.VII.1990, J.E. Park, 1♀; ditto, S.S. Kim, 1♀, Jeollabukdo: Mujugun: Sangbukmyeon, Mt. Deogyusan, 24.VII.1999, K.H. Kang, 1♀. JAPAN: Hokkaido: Kushiro, Lake Mashu (N. crater rim, Akan Nat. Park), 23–24.VII.1980, FC Thompson, 1♂ (USNM); Zenibako, Otaru, 20.VII.1965, T. Kocha, 1♂ (HUS), Zenibako, Otaru, 20.VII.1965, T. Kocha, 1♂ (HUS); Mitsumata, Kamishihoro, Tokachi, 21.VIII.1993, K. Kuromoto, 1♂, 1♀ (TPMT); Obihiro, 14.VIII.1995, H. Inoue, 1♀ (OUHJ); Koibuku Riv., Hidaka, 16.VII.1962, 1♀ (OUHJ); Hokkaido Univ. Exp. Forest, Tomakomai, 19.VIII.1977, K. Ôhara, 3♀ (TPMT); ditto, M. Suwa, 1♀ (TPMT); Ohnuma, Oshima, 30.VIII.1977, M. Yamamoto, 1♀ (TPMT), Honshu: Mt. Hayachine, Iwate Pref., 26.VII.1975, K. Tsuruta, 1♂ (TPMT); Renge Spa, Niigata Pref., 29.VII.1977, K. Baba, 1♀ (TPMT); Japon: Chunzenji (Nikko, Tochigi Pref.,), 22. –7–15, Edme Gallois (HUS), Uenohara, Minakami, Gunma Pref., 10.VIII.1987, N. Tamaki, 1♀ (TPMT); KisoOntake, Nagano Pref., 30.VII.1994, H. Ohishi, 2♀ (TPMT); Mt. Tateshinayama, Nagano Pref., 1.VII.1971, R. & F. Ishikawa, 1♂ (NSMT); Mt. Nyukasayama, Nagano Pref., 13.VII.1980, N. Koda, 1♂ (TPMT); Mt. Mitsutoge, Yamanashi Pref., 31.VII.1981, Y. Kurosawa, 1♀ (NSMT); Gozaishi, Nirasaki, Yamanashi Pref., 3.VIII.1992, H. Ohishi, 2♀ (TPMT); Daibosatu, Enzan, Yamanashi Pref., 19.VIII.1991, H. Ohishi, 1♀ (TPMT); Hirkura, Mie Pref., 9. VI.1991, H. Ohishi, 2♂ (TPMT); Sugitoge, Kyoto City, Kyoto Pref., 25.VII.1992, H. Ohishi, 1♀ (TPMT); Seryo, Kyoto Pref., 12.VIII.1937, T. Kimura, 1♀ (TPMT); Kitayama Riv., Okutamadani, Nara Pref., 26. VI.1994, Keitaro Harusawa, 1♀ (TPMT), Shikoku: Mt. Takashiroyama, Kisawa, Tokushima Pref., 17–18.VII.1994, Kiyoshi Masaki, 1♂, 1♀ (TPMT). Except for the Japanese paratypes (depositories shown in parenthesis), all the other type specimens including the holotype are deposited in YSUW. Distribution Korea, Japan. Biology Unknown. Etymology This species is named after Dr. F. Christian Thompson who contributed a great deal for the systematics of Syrphidae. He initially suggested the study of Volucella to the first author. Remarks We have occasionally found this species mixed with V. pellucens tabanoides specimens under same identification labels in the Korean institutions. These two species superficially resemble each other, but the new species is easily separable by the longer abdominal tergite 2 in both sexes, and much darker vertex in female. Further examination of the male genitalia strongly suggests that this species might not even be closely related to V. pellucens. The male genitalic structures (especially the highly reduced surstyli; Figs. 1G, H) are so unique that we were not able to associate the new species with any other Volucella species. We are currently investigating this matter using both morphological and molecular data (Choi et al., in prep.). Our preliminary analysis based on mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COII gene sequences suggests that V. thompsoni n.sp. might be more closely related to V. nigropicta (the zonaria species group) than the other species of the pellucens species group.Published as part of Choi, Deuk-Soo, Ôhara, Kenji & Han, Ho-Yeon, 2006, Taxonomic notes on the Volucella pellucens species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a description of one new species from the Eastern Palaearctic, pp. 1-19 in Zootaxa 1185 on pages 4-8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1185.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492043
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