1,720,967 research outputs found
Strategies to improve reference databases for soil microbiomes
Get PDFThis article is published as Choi, Jinlyung, Fan Yang, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Erick Cardenas, Aaron Garoutte, Ryan Williams, Jared Flater, James M Tiedje, Kirsten S Hofmockel, Brian Gelder, and Adina Howe. "Strategies to improve reference databases for soil microbiomes." ISME Journal 11 (2017) 829-834. DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2016.168. Posted with permission.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
GlyR3 regulation in \u3ci\u3eClostridium thermocellum\u3c/i\u3e
Get PDFBio-ethanol from cellulosic biomass is a promising candidate as a liquid transportation fuel because of its high-energy content and the abundance of cellulose. Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) helps to reduce the traditional 2-step process of bio-ethanol production into single-step to improve cost efficiency. A bacterium, Clostridium thermocellum, has a multi-enzyme complex for hydrolyzing cellulase, called the Cellulosome that enables the organism to have high rates of cellulose utilization. However, the ethanol yield of C. thermocellum needs to be improved in order to make consolidated bioprocessing with C. thermocellum commercially viable. It is essential to understand the regulation of carbohydrate-degrading enzyme activity to apply metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and molecular biology techniques to strain improvement. GlyR3 is a protein that regulates the activity of carbohydrate active proteins in C. thermocellum. Recent studies have described how GlyR3 regulates the celC operon, which includes two carbohydrate-active enzymes (Newcomb, Chen, & Wu, 2007a). In this dissertation I investigate additional regulatory targets of the GlyR3 protein, which is a LacI family protein. First, it will be shown that GlyR3 regulates a gene downstream of celC operon, manB, explaining that GlyR3 not only induces its own expression under presence of laminaribiose, but in the case of manB, repress expression. Bioinformatics tools are then used to find putative GlyR3 binding sites in the whole genome in C. thermocellum. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) can show direct binding between GlyR3 and DNA sequences of interest. Second, we are going to show that GlyR3 regulates genes that are located far from the celC operon. Reverse transcript (RT) –PCR and mRNA sequencing will be used to show in vivo changes in expression of genes in the whole genome resulting from changing levels of GlyR3 expression resulting from the addition of laminaribiose. This research reveals two distinct binding motifs for GlyR3, a celC-type and a manB-type, which are used to identify additional operons potentially regulated by GlyR3 and demonstrates a global regulatory role for GlyR3 in C. thermocellum
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Practical implications of erythromycin resistance gene diversity on surveillance and monitoring of resistance
Get PDFUse of antibiotics in human and animal medicine has applied selective pressure for the global dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is of interest to develop strategies to mitigate the continued amplification and transmission of resistance genes in environmental reservoirs such as farms, hospitals, and watersheds. However, the efficacy of mitigation strategies is difficult to evaluate because it is unclear which resistance genes are important to monitor, and which primers to use to detect those genes. Here we evaluated the diversity of one type of macrolide antibiotic resistance gene (erm) in one type of environment (manure) to determine which primers would be most informative to use in a mitigation study of that environment. We analyzed all known erm genes and assessed the ability of previously published erm primers to detect the diversity. The results showed that all known erm resistance genes group into 66 clusters, and 25 of these clusters (40%) can be targeted with primers found in the literature. These primers can target 74–85% of the ermgene diversity in the manures analyzed.This is a manuscript of an article published as Choi, Jinlyung, Elizabeth L. Rieke, Thomas B. Moorman, Michelle L. Soupir, Heather K. Allen, Schuyler D. Smith, and Adina Howe. "Practical implications of erythromycin resistance gene diversity on surveillance and monitoring of resistance." FEMS Microbiology Ecology (2018). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiy006. Posted with permission.</p
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