1,720,981 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
La différenciation des masses d'eau à l'intérieur de l'étang : stratification verticale, zonation horizontale, bilan thermique et centre thermique
No full textPonds are at the heart of environmental issues in terms of quality and quantity of water resources. Temperature is an effective indicator in these measurements because of its reactivity and the ability to diffuse the most downstream. The pond is often considered as a black box in studies and the knowledge of its thermal functioning should be the first element in its quantification. In this study, the inclusion of volumes in the thermal analysis of the 1,137,181 original hourly thermal data, through the heat budget, allows to measure and quantify the whole behavior of the ponds, distinct from that of the lakes. The heat budget is a synthetic indicator of all the factors that bring and extract calories from the environment and can be used in its primary objective to measure calorific exchanges within the water body and between the water body and the river environment. The spatial heterogeneity in the zonal aspect of the pond is influenced by the effect of the driving force of the wind or the surrounding environment, the presence of shade or hydrological inputs. A new indicator, the heat center, has been created, taking into account three-dimensional variations in the heat balance, stratification and stability of several areas of the pond in order to quantify the dissociation of water masses within the water body. The integration of thermal zoning opens up new management opportunities to reduce the thermal impact of the pond downstream or to promote the development of certain heat-sensitive fish species. From meteorological data it is possible to anticipate areas of heat expansion whose differences can be significant, measured at more than 3°C on a very small pond related to the shading effect, or at more than 10°C between two sectors of a large multi-block pond under the influence of windsLes étangs sont des milieux aquatiques au coeur de problématiques environnementales dans les questions qualitatives et quantitatives de la ressource en eau. La température est un indicateur efficace dans ces mesures par sa réactivité et la capacité à se diffuser le plus en aval. L’étang est souvent considéré comme une boîte noire dans les études d’impact et la connaissance de son fonctionnement thermique devrait être le premier élément dans sa quantification. Dans cette étude, la prise en compte des volumes dans l’analyse thermique des 1 137 181 données thermiques horaires inédites, par le biais du bilan thermique, permet de mesurer et quantifier le fonctionnement global des étangs, distinct de celui des lacs. Le bilan thermique est un indicateur synthétique de l’ensemble des facteurs amenant et prélevant des calories au milieu et peut être utilisé dans son objectif premier de mesurer les échanges calorifiques au sein du plan d’eau et entre celui-ci et le milieu fluvial. L’hétérogénéité spatiale en étang dans l’aspect zonal, est influencée par l’effet de la force motrice du vent ou de l’environnement immédiat, la présence d’ombrage ou d’apports hydrologiques localisés. Un nouvel indicateur, le centre thermique, a été créé, prenant en compte les variations en trois dimensions du bilan thermique, de la stratification et la stabilité de plusieurs secteurs de l’étang afin de quantifier la dissociation des masses d’eau au sein du plan d’eau. L’intégration de la zonation thermique permet d’ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives de gestion afin de limiter l’impact thermique de l’étang à l’aval ou favoriser le développement de certaines espèces piscicoles thermosensibles. A partir de données météorologiques il est possible d’anticiper les zones d’expansion de chaleur dont les écarts peuvent être conséquents, mesurés à plus de 3°C sur un très petit étang lié à l’effet d’ombrage, ou encore à plus de 10 °C entre deux secteurs d’un grand étang multilobé sous l’influence des vent
The differentiation of water masses within the pond : thermal stratification, temperature zonation, heat budget and heat center
No full textLes étangs sont des milieux aquatiques au coeur de problématiques environnementales dans les questions qualitatives et quantitatives de la ressource en eau. La température est un indicateur efficace dans ces mesures par sa réactivité et la capacité à se diffuser le plus en aval. L’étang est souvent considéré comme une boîte noire dans les études d’impact et la connaissance de son fonctionnement thermique devrait être le premier élément dans sa quantification. Dans cette étude, la prise en compte des volumes dans l’analyse thermique des 1 137 181 données thermiques horaires inédites, par le biais du bilan thermique, permet de mesurer et quantifier le fonctionnement global des étangs, distinct de celui des lacs. Le bilan thermique est un indicateur synthétique de l’ensemble des facteurs amenant et prélevant des calories au milieu et peut être utilisé dans son objectif premier de mesurer les échanges calorifiques au sein du plan d’eau et entre celui-ci et le milieu fluvial. L’hétérogénéité spatiale en étang dans l’aspect zonal, est influencée par l’effet de la force motrice du vent ou de l’environnement immédiat, la présence d’ombrage ou d’apports hydrologiques localisés. Un nouvel indicateur, le centre thermique, a été créé, prenant en compte les variations en trois dimensions du bilan thermique, de la stratification et la stabilité de plusieurs secteurs de l’étang afin de quantifier la dissociation des masses d’eau au sein du plan d’eau. L’intégration de la zonation thermique permet d’ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives de gestion afin de limiter l’impact thermique de l’étang à l’aval ou favoriser le développement de certaines espèces piscicoles thermosensibles. A partir de données météorologiques il est possible d’anticiper les zones d’expansion de chaleur dont les écarts peuvent être conséquents, mesurés à plus de 3°C sur un très petit étang lié à l’effet d’ombrage, ou encore à plus de 10 °C entre deux secteurs d’un grand étang multilobé sous l’influence des ventsPonds are at the heart of environmental issues in terms of quality and quantity of water resources. Temperature is an effective indicator in these measurements because of its reactivity and the ability to diffuse the most downstream. The pond is often considered as a black box in studies and the knowledge of its thermal functioning should be the first element in its quantification. In this study, the inclusion of volumes in the thermal analysis of the 1,137,181 original hourly thermal data, through the heat budget, allows to measure and quantify the whole behavior of the ponds, distinct from that of the lakes. The heat budget is a synthetic indicator of all the factors that bring and extract calories from the environment and can be used in its primary objective to measure calorific exchanges within the water body and between the water body and the river environment. The spatial heterogeneity in the zonal aspect of the pond is influenced by the effect of the driving force of the wind or the surrounding environment, the presence of shade or hydrological inputs. A new indicator, the heat center, has been created, taking into account three-dimensional variations in the heat balance, stratification and stability of several areas of the pond in order to quantify the dissociation of water masses within the water body. The integration of thermal zoning opens up new management opportunities to reduce the thermal impact of the pond downstream or to promote the development of certain heat-sensitive fish species. From meteorological data it is possible to anticipate areas of heat expansion whose differences can be significant, measured at more than 3°C on a very small pond related to the shading effect, or at more than 10°C between two sectors of a large multi-block pond under the influence of wind
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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