152,720 research outputs found
CHO microRNA engineering is growing up : recent successes and future challenges
No full textmicroRNAs with their ability to regulate complex pathways that control cellular behavior and phenotype have been proposed as potential targets for cell engineering in the context of optimization of biopharmaceutical production cell lines, specifically of Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. However, until recently, research was limited by a lack of genomic sequence information on this industrially important cell line. With the publication of the genomic sequence and other relevant data sets for CHO cells since 2011, the doors have been opened for an improved understanding of CHO cell physiology and for the development of the necessary tools for novel engineering strategies. In the present review we discuss both knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms of microRNAs obtained from other biological models and proof of concepts already performed on CHO cells, thus providing an outlook of potential applications of microRNA engineering in production cell lines
Cacopsylla baccatae Cho & Burckhardt 2017
No full textCacopsylla baccatae Cho & Burckhardt in Cho et al., 2017 (Figs. 73–74) Cacopsylla baccatae Cho & Burckhardt in Cho et al., 2017a: 539. Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) baccatae; Kwon & Kwon (2020: 141). Distribution in Korea. GB, GW (Cho et al. 2017a; Kwon & Kwon 2020, as Cacopsylla (Hepatopsylla) baccatae) (NHMB, SNU). Host plant. Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. (Rosaceae) (Cho et al. 2017a).Published as part of Cho, Geonho, Burckhardt, Daniel & Lee, Seunghwan, 2022, Check list of jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Korean Peninsula, pp. 1-91 in Zootaxa 5177 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5177.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/702193
The Anti-Inflammatory Actions of Lcy-2-Cho, a Carbazole Analogue, in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
No full textLCY-2-CHO has anti-infl amm atory actions on macrophages. To understand its therapeutic implication in atherosclerosis, we examined its effects on the expressions of antiinflammatory and inflammatory proteins in cultured rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). LCY-2-CHO is able to induce heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression through a transcriptional action. The HO-1 inducting effect of LCY-2-CHO was inhibited by SB203580, N (G)-nitro-L- arginine methylester (L-NAME), and wortmannin, but was not affected by U0126 or SP600125. In accordance LCY-2 -CHO increased protein phosphorylation of p38, Akt, and eNOS. Nrf 2 is a transcription factor essential for HO-1 gene induction and we showed that LCY-2-CHO is able to cause Nrf2 nuclear translocation and this action depends on p38, Akt and eNOS. in addition to induce anti-inflammatory HO-1 , LCY- 2-CHO reduced interleukin-lp (IL-1 beta)-induced inflammatory mediators, inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX- 2), growth-related oncogene protein-alpha (GRO-alpha), and interleukin-8 ( IL-8). Inhibitory effect on IL-lp-mediated NF-KB activation was evidenced by the diminishment of I kappa B kinase (IKK) phosphorylation and I kappa B alpha degradation. In contrast , IL-1 beta-mediated ERK and JNK activations were not changed by LCY-2-CHO, while p38 activation by IL-1 beta and LCY-2-CHO displayed the nonadditivity. Taken together, given the overall anti-inflammatory properties of LCY-2-CHO in VSMC, in terms to induce HO-1 gene expression and inhibit inflammatory gene expression, these results highlight the therapeutic potential of LCY-2-CHO in atherosclerosis. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Unimodality of Betti numbers for Hamiltonian circle actions with index-increasing moment Maps
No full textThe unimodality conjecture posed by Tolman in [L. Jeffrey, T. Holm, Y. Karshon, E. Lerman and E. Meinrenken, Moment maps in various geometries, http://www.birs.ca/workshops/2005/05w5072/report05w5072.pdf] states that if (M,ω) is a 2n-dimensional smooth compact symplectic manifold equipped with a Hamiltonian circle action with only isolated fixed points, then the sequence of Betti numbers {b0(M),b2(M),...,b2n(M)} is unimodal, i.e. bi(M) ≤ bi+2(M) for every i < n. Recently, the author and Kim [Y. Cho and M. Kim, Unimodality of the Betti numbers for Hamiltonian circle action with isolated fixed points, Math. Res. Lett. 21(4) (2014) 691-696] proved that the unimodality holds in eight-dimensional case by using equivariant cohomology theory. In this paper, we generalize the idea in [Y. Cho and M. Kim, Unimodality of the Betti numbers for Hamiltonian circle action with isolated fixed points, Math. Res. Lett. 21(4) (2014) 691-696] to an arbitrary dimensional case. We prove the conjecture in arbitrary dimension under the assumption that the moment map H : M → R is index-increasing, which means that ind(p) < ind(q) implies H(p) < H(q) for every pair of critical points p and q of H, where ind(p) is the Morse index of p with respect to H. © World Scientific Publishing Company1111sciescopu
Cho Kyu Sang : prédicateur de l\u27Evangile (interview) - Cho Kyu Sang, preacher of the Gospel (interview).
No full textFrench Abstract:
Cho Kyu Sang : prédicateur de l\u27Evangile en Corée du Sud (interview)
English Abstract:
Cho Kyu Sang, preacher of the Gospel in South Korea
1H NMR Spectroscopy Profiling of Metabolic Reprogramming of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells upon a Temperature Shift during Culture
No full textWe report an NMR based approach to determine the metabolic reprogramming of Chinese hamster ovary cells upon
a temperature shift during culture by investigating the extracellular cell culture media and intracellular metabolome of
CHOK1 and CHO-S cells during culture and in response to cold-shock and subsequent recovery from hypothermic
culturing. A total of 24 components were identified for CHOK1 and 29 components identified for CHO-S cell systems
including the observation that CHO-S media contains 5.6 times the level of glucose of CHOK1 media at time zero.
We confirm that an NMR metabolic approach provides quantitative analysis of components such as glucose and
alanine with both cell lines responding in a similar manner and comparable to previously reported data. However,
analysis of lactate confirms a differentiation between CHOK1 and CHO-S and that reprogramming of metabolism in
response to temperature was cell line specific. The significance of our results is presented using principal component
analysis (PCA) that confirms changes in metabolite profile in response to temperature and recovery. Ultimately, our
approach demonstrates the capability of NMR providing real-time analysis to detect reprogramming of metabolism
upon cellular perception of cold-shock/sub-physiological temperatures. This has the potential to allow manipulation of
metabolites in culture supernatant to improve growth or productivity
CHO- and CHO-CEACAM1 derived MVs induce the CEACAM1-L tyrosine phosphorylation in confluent HT29 cells.
No full text<p>CEACAM1 immunoprecipitates of confluent HT29 cells treated for 15 min with CHO- and CHO-CEACAM1 derived MVs were probed for tyrosine phosphorylation (upper panel) and CEACAM1 (lower panel) as control for equal loading. Untreated cells were used as negative control. Pervanadate was used to induce CEACAM1-L tyrosine phosphorylation. The data show one representative result of three independent repeats of the experiment.</p
Characterization data for heterometallic complexes [ZnMg2(μ3-OH)(O2CPh)5(L)2]2 (L = THF (1-THF) or CHO (1-CHO))]
No full textThe dataset contains characterization data (NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, PXRD) for heterometallic complexes [ZnMg2(μ3-OH)(O2CPh)5(L)2]2 (L = THF (1-THF) or CHO (1-CHO))] and catalysis and kinetic data (NMR spectroscopy) for ROCOP of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide catalyzed by 1-THF.</p
Identifying stable hotspots in the CHO genome for therapeutic protein production
No full textLee, Kelvin H.Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines used to produce commercial quantities of therapeutic proteins commonly exhibit a decrease in productivity over time in culture, a phenomenon termed production instability. Random integration of transgenes encoding the protein of interest into locations in the CHO genome that are vulnerable to genetic and epigenetic instability can lead to production instability due to copy number loss and epigenetic silencing. These cell line development challenges can be overcome by using targeted integration to insert transgenes at pre-defined genomic loci, often called “hotspots,” that are transcriptionally permissive and have enhanced stability relative to the rest of the genome. However, targeted integration for industrial CHO cell line development currently requires significant upfront effort to identify hotspot loci capable of supporting multi-gram per liter therapeutic protein production from a limited number of transgene copies. Characterization of the CHO epigenome can aid in identifying hotspots that maximize transcription from a single integrated transgene copy and maintain their desirable properties in diverse cell lines and bioprocessing conditions. To support these efforts, a chromosome-scale Chinese hamster reference genome suitable for genome-scale comparative analysis of different CHO cell lines was developed by scaffolding a previous genome assembly version using high-throughput chromosome conformation capture. Large “safe harbor” regions characterized by transcriptionally permissive three-dimensional chromatin structures with enhanced genetic and epigenetic stability were then identified by comparative multi-omics analysis of two CHO-K1 cell lines grown in industrially relevant conditions. To further pinpoint hotspot locations at base-pair resolution, we performed simultaneous measurement of CMV promoter-driven transgene expression strength and stability at thousands of integration sites using a pooled high-throughput screening method in which a barcoded reporter library was randomly integrated into the genome and assayed by next-generation sequencing. The resulting genome-scale dataset captured the entire range of position-dependent expression theoretically possible from a single transgene copy. Integration sites exhibiting maximized transcriptional output were associated with a limited set of genetic and epigenetic properties defining hotspot regions of approximately 10kb genome-wide. Cell lines generated by retargeting eight hotspot candidates from the high-throughput screen consistently exhibited higher transgene mRNA expression than a commercially viable hotspot. Additionally, the productivity of a model monoclonal antibody was improved by more than two-fold, reaching fed-batch volumetric productivity of 2g/L by combining a novel hotspot with optimized vector configurations incorporating chromatin-modifying elements isolated from the CHO genome. These findings will be valuable resources for targeted integration platform development within the CHO community.University of Delaware, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringPh.D
In die skool van Tirannus : 'n ondersoek na die plek van die dialoog in teologiese onderrig en prediking / L. Floor
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