1,720,969 research outputs found
Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus equi subsp. Zooepidemicus isolated from thoroughbred horses using multi locus sequence typing (MLST) in Korea
Full text linkBackground: Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) is a new global molecular typing method used for analyzing the DNA polymorphisms in bacteria. In this study, using MLST, we analyzed the sequence profiles of Streptococcus (S.) zooepidemicus isolates from the Jeju and Jangsu provinces in South Korea. Objective: This study characterized the molecular epidemiology of S. zooepidemicus infection in Thoroughbred horses using MLST with an aim to control and prevent bacterial endometritis in mares. Methods: A total of 79 S. zooepidemicus isolates were included in this study. Sequencing of the 7 loci for the MLST analysis was performed as described in the MLST website manual (http:// pubmlst.org/szooepidemicus/) with some modifications. For each locus, every unique sequence was assigned a distinct allele number, and each Sequence Type (ST) was defined by a series of 7 integers (the allelic profile) corresponding to the alleles at the 7 loci (arcC, nrdE, proS, spi, tdk, tpi, and yqiL) using the MLST module in the Main Workbench. Results: Among the 79 isolates, 73 different MLST patterns were identified, each corresponding to 1-3 strains. The genetic relationships between the 79 isolates are presented in a dendrogram, and they diverged by up to 11% homology. At 11% homology, three MLST groups, M1, M2, and M3, were identified, and at 26% homology, five subgroups, L1-L5, were observed. We observed various MLST patterns in the strains isolated from Jeju and Jangsu. In addition, by estimating the epidemiological relationships among the strains isolated from Jangsu in 2007 and Jeju in 2009, which had similar MLST patterns, we determined that some strains from Jangsu may have been transported to Jeju. Conclusion: MLST can be used as a framework for determining the epidemiological relationships that form the genetic basis of host and infection site selection. © 2019 Choi et al.1
Retrospective Analysis of Epistaxis Associated with Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Thoroughbred Race Horses in Korea
No full textThis study was to investigate the frequency and risk factors of epistaxis associated with Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage (EIPH) in racing Thoroughbred horses at Seoul Race Park, South Korea, from 1996-2007. Epistaxis related to EIPH occurred in 752 (0.51%) horses of the 146,297 race starts. Of the 752 horses, 65 (8.6%) had a single recurrence and 9 (1.1%) had 2 recurrences. There was a tendency to higher frequency of bleeding at older (≥7, 0.88%) in age, female (0.56%) in sex, USA (0.77%) in origin, Autumn (0.62%) in season and 1,700-2,000 m (0.67%) in distance. Relationship did not exist between bleeding and respiratory diseases. About 624 (83%) race horses with epistaxis were an also-ran in performance. These results may provide the basic information needed to establish strategies for the prevention of epistaxis related to EIPH in race horses is associated with the age, sex and racing distance in Korea.1
Effect of uterine bacteriology and cytology on fertility in thoroughbred mares
No full textThis study was carried out to investigate the effect of uterine bacteriology and cytology on fertility in Thoroughbred horses during the period from April, 2008 to March, 2009 in Korea. About 91 strains were isolated from uterine culture swabs from 65 mares. The most common isolate was Escherichia coli (35 isolates, 38.5%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (7 isolates, 7.7%), Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus (6 isolates, 6.6%) and organisms considered to be non-pathogens, other (43 isolates, 47.3%). Of the 65 cytological samples, 16 (24.6%) were positive for inflammation. The rate of pregnancy for normal, moderate and severe inflammation was 85.7, 42.9 and 22.2%, respectively. However, there are no significant relationship between bacteria and inflammation. In this study, researchers conclude that cytological examination of endometrium is a very effective method for a diagnosis of endometrial status. This research will contribute to the horse breeding industry including production of riding horses by artificial insemination as well as racing horses in Korea.1
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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