1,720,956 research outputs found
Studies on Anaplasma phagocytophilum in dogs: clinical presentation of granulocytic anaplasmosis and significance for transfusion medicine
No full textA. phagocytophilum ist ein gram negatives, obligat intrazelluläres Bakterium, welches hauptsächlich von Zecken der Gattung Ixodes übertragen wird. Es befällt vor allem neutrophile Granulozyten und ist unter anderem Auslöser der caninen granulozytären Anaplasmose.
Ziele der vorliegenden retrospektiven Studien waren 1) die Beschreibung der klinischen Symptome, der Laborwertveränderungen, der Therapie und der Verlaufes der CGA und 2) die Ermittlung des Vorkommens von A. phagocytophilum bei gesunden Blutspenderhunden und die Bedeutung des Erregers für die Transfusionsmedizin.
1) Im Untersuchungszeitraum 2006 bis 2012 wurden 974 Hunde mit in der Literatur beschriebenen Symptomen einer CGA in der Klinik für kleine Haustiere der FU Berlin vorstellig, von denen 72 Hunde ein positives PCR-Ergebnis für A. phagocytophilum-DNA hatten. 63 Hunde erfüllten die Einschlusskriterien und gingen in die Studie ein. Die Hauptsymptome der an CGA akut erkrankten Hunde waren Apathie und reduziertes Allgemeinbefinden (83 %), Fieber (67 %) und Inappetenz (63 %). Die häufigste Laborwertveränderung war Thrombozytopenie (86 %) gefolgt von erhöhten Leberenzymaktivitäten und Hyperbilirubinämie (77 %), Anämie (70 %), Hypoalbuminämie (62 %) und Leukozytose (27 %). 44 % von 36 getesteten Hunden mit Thrombozytopenie waren positiv für thrombozytengebundene Antikörper. 59 von 61 Hunden erholten sich, zwei Hunde verstarben (ein Hund an epileptischen Anfällen, ein weiterer an den Folgen einer immunhämolytischen Anämie), zwei Hunde konnten nicht nachuntersucht werden. Bei Hunden, bei denen eine Zeckenexposition nicht ausgeschlossen werden kann, und die mit unspezifischen Symptomen wie Lethargie und Fieber und/oder Anzeichen einer immunmediierten Erkrankung vorstellig werden, sollte in endemischen Gebieten die CGA als Ursache in Betracht gezogen werden.
2) Insgesamt 917 EDTA-Blutproben von 517 Blutspenderhunden wurden im Untersuchungszeitraum 2006 bis 2012 mittels real-time PCR auf das Vorkommen von A. phagocytophilum-DNA getestet. 158 der Hunde spendeten mehrmals Blut und wurden somit mehrmals getestet (2 - 11 mal, Median 3). Bei 21 der 917 (2,3 %) Blutproben von 21 Blutspenderhunden war die PCR positiv, bezogen auf die Anzahl der Blutspenderhunde betrug die Prävalenz 4,06 %. Die positiven Ergebnisse fielen hauptsächlich in die Monate Juni (n=8), Mai (n=5) und Juli (n=3), kamen aber auch in fünf weiteren Monaten vor. Keiner der getesteten Hunde war mehrfach positiv. Eine leicht erhöhte Rektaltemperatur (=39,0 °C) lag bei drei Hunden vor. Bei elf Hunden fielen geringgradige Laborwertveränderungen auf: Thrombozytopenie (n=3), Leukozytose (n=2), Leukopenie (n=2), Anämie (n=1), Hyperproteinämie (6 von 18 getesteten Hunden). Im Hinblick auf die Laborwertveränderungen gab es keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den PCR positiven und PCR negativen Blutproben.
Da 2,3 % der Blutproben gesunder Blutspenderhunde PCR-positiv für A. phagocytophilum waren, sollten alle Blutspender in endemischen Gebieten vor jeder Blutspende das ganze Jahr über auf das Vorkommen von A. phagocytophilum-DNA im Blut getestet werden.A. phagocytophilum is an obligatory intracellular bacterium transmitted by various genera of Ixodes ticks. It infects neutrophils and is the causative agent of canine granulocytic anaplasmosis. The goals of the current retrospective studies were 1) to perform analysis of medical records of dogs naturally infected with A. phagocytophilum, focusing on clinical signs, laboratory results, therapy and course of disease and 2) to evaluate the occurrence A. phagocytophilum in healthy blood donor dogs and to estimate the significance for transfusion medicine.
1) Between 2006–2012 974 dogs with clinical signs suggestive for CGA were presented in the Clinic for Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin. A total of 72 dogs were PCR-positive, 63 of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The most common clinical signs were lethargy and reduced activity (83 %), fever (67 %), and inappetence (63 %). Thrombocytopenia was the most common laboratory abnormality (86 %), followed by increased liver enzymes activities and hyperbilirubinaemia (77 %), anaemia (70 %), hypoalbuminaemia (62 %) and leukocytosis (27 %). 44 % of 36 thrombocytopenic dogs tested for platelet-bound antibodies were positive. 59 of 61 dogs recovered, two dogs died (epileptic seizures, immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia) and two were lost for follow-up. In dogs presented with acute nonspecific clinical signs and/or immune – mediated disease, where tick exposure cannot be excluded, canine granulocytic anaplasmosis should be considered as a potential cause in areas where it is endemic.
2) Between 2006 - 2012 altogether 917 EDTA blood samples from 517 dogs were submitted for A. phagocytophilum real-time PCR testing. 158 dogs were tested several times (2 – 11 times, median 3). The PCR test was positive for 21 of the 917 blood samples (2.3 %). Referred to the number of blood donor dogs, the prevalence was 4.06 %. Positive results were most often detected in June (n=8), May (n=5), and July (n=3), but also in five other months. None of the dogs tested PCR positive more than once. In three of 21 dogs a mild increase in rectal temperature (= 39.0 °C) was documented. Mild laboratory abnormalities were noted in eleven dogs: thrombocytopenia (n=3), leukocytosis (n=2), leukopenia (n=2), anemia (n=1) and hyperproteinemia (6 of 18 tested dogs). There was no significant difference between the PCR negative and positive blood samples with regard to laboratory abnormalities.
As altogether 2.3 % of blood samples from healthy canine blood donors were PCR positive for A. phagocytophilum, blood donors in endemic areas should be screened for A. phagocytophilum-DNA by PCR in blood samples all year round
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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