1,721,178 research outputs found
Semi-Automatic Data Annotation, POS Tagging and Mildly Context-Sensitive Disambiguation: The eXtended Revised AraMorph (XRAM)
No full textAn extended and revised form of Tim Buckwalter’s Arabic lexical and morphological resource AraMorph, named eXtended Revised AraMorph (XRAM), is presented. A number of weaknesses and inconsistencies of the original model are addressed by allowing a wider coverage of real-world classical and contemporary (both formal and informal) Arabic texts. Building upon previous research, XRAM enhancements include (i) flag-selectable usage markers, (ii) probabilistic mildly context-sensitive POS tagging, filtering, disambiguation and ranking of alternative morphological analyses, and (iii) semi-automatic increments of lexical coverage through the extraction of lexical and morphological information from existing lexical resources. Testing XRAM through a front-end Python module showed a remarkable success level
It's about time: Signal recognition in staged models of protein translocation
No full textDuring their synthesis, a large fraction of proteins are directed to the secretory pathway. There are several models that aim to distinguish between different destinations along this pathway; however, they rarely distinguish between known stages of this translocation process. This paper presents a translocation probability function which models the protein SRP-recruitment process—the first stage of the secretory pathway. It unifies groups of proteins with distinct final destinations, allowing more specific sorting to be done in due course, mirroring the hierarchical nature of secretory translocation. We apply conditional random fields to evaluate the prediction accuracy of a full sequence model. Introducing the translocation function improves substantially compared to a model based on properties that are relevant to the subsequent stages and final destinations only. For the discrimination of secretory, signal peptide (SP)-equipped proteins and non-secretory proteins a correlation coefficient of 0.98 is achieved—a level of performance that is only met by specialized SP predictors. Transmembrane proteins cause considerable confusion in signal peptide predictors, but fit naturally into our transparent design and reduce the performance of the translocation function only slightly. The proposed function and model assist efforts to uncover localization and function for the growing numbers of protein sequence data. Applying our model we estimate with high confidence that about 27% of the human and 29% of the mouse proteins are associated with the secretory pathway
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Semi-Automatic Data Annotation, POS Tagging and Mildly Context-Sensitive Disambiguation: The eXtended Revised AraMorph (XRAM)
No full textAn extended, revised form of Tim Buckwalter's Arabic lexical and
morphological resource AraMorph, eXtended Revised AraMorph (henceforth XRAM),
is presented which addresses a number of weaknesses and inconsistencies of the
original model by allowing a wider coverage of real-world Classical and
contemporary (both formal and informal) Arabic texts. Building upon previous
research, XRAM enhancements include (i) flag-selectable usage markers, (ii)
probabilistic mildly context-sensitive POS tagging, filtering, disambiguation
and ranking of alternative morphological analyses, (iii) semi-automatic
increment of lexical coverage through extraction of lexical and morphological
information from existing lexical resources. Testing of XRAM through a
front-end Python module showed a remarkable success level
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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