1,720,968 research outputs found
A saúde sexual e reprodutiva na formação médica: o caso de Moçambique e da Bahia-Brasil
No full textEste estudo teve como finalidade analisar a estrutura e conteúdos da formação médica na temática da Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva (SSR) com vista a averiguar se o médico formado consegue adquirir suficiente capacidade para contribuir, de forma efectiva, na prestação de serviços primários de SSR. Para atingir os objectivos propostos foi realizado um estudo de casos nas faculdades de medicina da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, em Moçambique; e da Universidade Federal da Bahia, no Brasil. Foram aplicados 78 questionários e conduzidas 54 entrevistas com informantes chave. Os dados quantitativos foram codificados e organizados usando planilhas do Excel. Todas as entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas na íntegra. Os dados qualitativos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, especificamente à análise temática. A aquisição de competências para atenção primária à SSR na formação médica foi aqui analisada na percepção dos atores sociais das escolas médicas seleccionadas a partir de seis eixos estruturais identificados e considerando três dimensões seleccionadas para compreensão das mudanças ocorridas no campo da SSR: a Teórico-conceptual, Técnico-científica e Ético-sócio-cultural.
A análise dos dados recolhidos produziu informações relacionadas às necessidades formativas na área da SSR. Na percepção da maioria dos informantes os currículos das escolas analisadas estão estruturados principalmente para garantir a aquisição de conhecimento biomédico e habilidades clínicas, e a maioria dos estudantes dessas escolas não conseguem adquirir, ao longo do curso de medicina, as competências essenciais para fornecer efectivamente serviços básicos de SSR. O processo de reforma curricular em curso nessas faculdades pretende corrigir essas limitações, mas a sua plena implementação é ainda um desafio.
Este estudo permite concluir que uma escola médica capaz de cumprir com a sua missão de formar profissionais competentes para atender às necessidades básicas de saúde da população tem sido um bem desejado nessas instituições. Entretanto, alcançar esse benefício depende de uma gama de factores e do interesse e envolvimento de múltiplos sujeitos em processos que envolvem várias dimensões. Um factor essencial para o cumprimento desta missão é a possibilidade de a faculdade organizar um currículo numa perspectiva integradora, que incorpore o enfoque ampliado da saúde, substituindo a ênfase nos aspectos biomédicos pela adopção de uma perspectiva de actuação intersectorial, visando à protecção, promoção e recuperação da saúde. Por outro lado, a multiplicidade de aspectos envolvidos na SSR pressupõe a necessidade de abordagens multidisciplinares, com a contribuição de várias áreas do conhecimento, para garantir uma formação médica efectiva nesta área.
Este estudo propõe recomendações para fortalecer o ensino-aprendizagem em SSR que incluem: garantir a qualidade e relevância dos processos educacionais de acordo com a realidade e situação de saúde da população local; fortalecer a capacidade das escolas em termos de infra-estrutura e recursos humanos e materiais; melhorar as competências do pessoal existente; utilizar cenários de prática e metodologias pedagógicas comprovadamente eficazes; revisar e actualizar os currículos em uma base regular; assegurar que as reformas educacionais sejam relevantes e implementadas de forma gradual com o engajamento de todos os interessados; o suporte necessário e com o devido monitoramento e avaliação; estabelecer um ambiente educativo que promova e premie a excelência educacional a inovação e a qualidade no ensino.This study aimed to analyze the structure and contents of medical education in the field of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in order to ascertain if newly graduated doctor acquire sufficient capacity to contribute effectively in the provision of primary SRH services.
Two case studies were conducted in medical schools at the University Eduardo Mondlane, Mozambique, and the Federal University of Bahia, Brazil. Methods included questionnaires (N=78) and interviews with key informants (N=54). Quantitative data were coded and compiled on Excel spreadsheets. Interviews were recorded and fully transcribed. Qualitative data were subjected to content thematic analysis. The acquisition of competencies during medical training for delievering primary SRH atention was analyzed on the basis of perceptions of social actors according to six structural axes and three dimensions for understanding the changes in the field of SRH: the theoretical-conceptual, technical-scientific, and ethical-socio-cultural.
The analysis of data produced information on training needs in SRH. It was observed that the curricula of the two schools are structured primarily to ensure the acquisition of biomedical knowledge and clinical skills, and most students of these schools fail to acquire the core competencies to provide basic SRH services effectively. The process of curriculum reform that is under way in these faculties aims at correcting these limitations but implementation is still a challenge.
This study shows that there is agreement on the need to train competent professionals to meet the basic SRH health needs of the population in these institutions. However, achieving this depends on a range of factors and on the interest and involvement of multiple actors in processes involving multiple dimensions. A key factor in the implementation of this change is the ability to organize a medical curriculum that incorporates a holistic approach to health, replacing the emphasis on biomedical aspects by adopting an intersectoral action perspective aiming at the protection, promotion and recovery of health. The multiplicity of aspects involved in SRH implies the need for multidisciplinary approaches, with the contribution of various areas of knowledge, to ensure effective medical training in this field.
This study proposes recommendations to strengthen teaching and learning of SRH which include: ensure the quality and relevance of educational processes in accordance with the health situation of the local population; strengthen the capacity of schools in terms of infrastructure and human and material resources; improve the skills of existing staff; use of effective teaching methods and practical scenarios; review and update the curricula on a regular basis; ensure that educational reforms are relevant and implemented gradually with the engagement of all stakeholders and the necessary support and with appropriate monitoring and evaluation; establish an educational environment that promotes and rewards educational excellence, innovation and quality in education
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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