1,721,044 research outputs found
Editorial: Nutritional modulation of central nervous system development, maintenance, plasticity, and recovery
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) in Glucose Control
No full textThe peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that control lipid and glucose metabolism. PPARs regulate gene expression by binding with retinoid X receptor as a heterodimeric partner to specific DNA sequences, termed PPAR response elements. In addition, PPARs may modulate gene transcription by directly interfering with other transcription factor pathways in a DNA-binding independent manner. To date, three different PPAR isoforms, designated α, β/δ, and γ, have been identified. PPAR-γ was the first isoform demonstrated to affect carbohydrate metabolism and PPAR-γ agonists, the thiazolidinediones, are now in clinical use for the treatment of insulin resistance. Unexpectedly, later studies revealed that also the other two isoforms modulate glucose metabolism. Here we summarize our understanding on how these nuclear receptor isoforms are involved in the control of glucose metabolism, describing some of the novel regulatory mechanisms. In addition, this chapter reviews the evidence and recent developments relating to the role of some foods containing natural compounds as PPAR agonists
A short bout of HFD promotes long-lasting hepatic lipid accumulation
No full textA short bout of high fat diet (HFD) impairs glucose tolerance and induces hepatic steatosis in mice. Here, we aimed to elaborate on long-lasting effects of short-term high fat feeding. As expected, one week of HFD significantly impaired glucose tolerance. Intriguingly, recovery feeding with a standard rodent diet for 8 weeks did not fully normalize glucose tolerance. In addition, mice exposed to a short bout of HFD revealed significantly increased liver fat accumulation paralleled by elevated portal free fatty acid levels after 8 weeks of recovery feeding compared to exclusively chow-fed littermates. In conclusion, a short bout of HFD has long-lasting effects on hepatic lipid accumulation and glucose tolerance
Endogenous annexin-A1 is a protective determinant in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance and diabetic nephropathy
Full text linkEndogenous Annexin-A1 is a Protective Determinant in HFD-induced Insulin Resistance and Diabetic Nephropathy
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Endogenous Annexin-A1 is a protective determinant in HFD-induced insulin resistance and diabetic nephropathy
No full textEffects of empagliflozin in a murine model of diet-induced insulin resistance: A role for NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition?
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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