20 research outputs found
“Tre traduzioni! Evgenij Onegin a teatro, in fumetto e par furlan”
No full textPushkin, "il nostro tutto", continua a esistere come presenza viva nella letteratura russa contemporanea: massimamente attraverso la sua opera principale, il "romanzo in versi" che ha dato inizio alla lingua letteraria moderna. Un "dialogo con il classico", quello cui richiama Pushkin, che si rinnova nei nuovi linguaggi della modernità: così l'Evgenij Onegin viene "riscritto" nelle opere di drammaturghi russi contemporanei – o assume la veste grafica di un manga e di un romanzo a fumetti, in cui un immutato rigore filologico rispetto alle pietre miliari della propria storia culturale si arricchisce di nuove suggestioni e assume punti di vista insondati. Nuove "traduzioni", queste – intralinguistiche, intersemiotiche – di un'opera ritenuta "intraducibile" nel senso "interlinguistico" (à la Jakobson) propriamente detto: a dispetto delle numerose traduzioni esistenti, anche in italiano, anche recenti, di Evgenij Onegin. Intraducibilità culturale, senza dubbio, di una "enciclopedia della vita russa dell'epoca" – secondo l'antologica definizione di V. Belinskij, di una "enciclopedia degli stili e delle lingue dell'epoca", secondo M. Bachtin: e intraducibilità costitutiva alla levità mozartiana che compenetra l'intera "mole eterea" (A. Achmatova) dell'Evgenij Onegin. Ma cosa succede se si offre la libera costrizione della strofa oneginiana alle forze esterne di una linguocultura radicalmente "altra" – in massima provocazione, di una lingua "minoritaria" come il friulano? Uno vzryv di significato, come lo definirebbe Ju. Lotman: un'esplosione semantica che produce nuove possibilità interpretative, estetiche ed etiche, e apre brecce di senso e di sensi in un'opera che per il lettore straniero ha sempre avuto il gusto indecifrabile e dubbio – come inferiva V. Nabokov – dello spumante sovietico
S-Puškin! Ovvero: Tre traduzioni. Evgenij Onegin a teatro, in fumetto e par furlan
No full textPuškin, “il nostro tutto” secondo l’antologico adagio di Grigor’ev, è una pre-
senza sempre viva nella cultura russa contemporanea: così il suo capolavoro
Evgenij Onegin, che viene ‘riscritto’ nelle opere di drammaturghi russi contemporanei – o assume la veste (grafica) di un manga e di un romanzo a fumetti.
Nuove traduzioni – intralinguistiche e intersemiotiche – di un testo ritenuto
intraducibile, eppure tradotto (e ritradotto) in tutte le maggiori lingue nazionali. Da oggi, in massima provocazione, anche in una lingua ‘minore’: il friulano. L’articolo – trascrizione di fatti realmente accaduti (a una conferenza che non si vuole definire tale) – esplora i confini del tradurre, aprendo brecce di senso e di sensi su un’opera che per il lettore straniero ha sempre avuto il gusto indecifrabile e dubbio – come suggeriva Nabokov – dello “Champagne sovietico”
Diabolic Forces in Rainis' Drama
No full textAnotācija
Latviešu dramaturģijā atbilstīgi simbolisma estētikai neviens tik daudzveidīgi kā
Rainis nav izmantojis folkloras materiālus, kas ļāva autoram ar pazīstamo mitoloģisko
sižetu un tēlu palīdzību risināt gan filozofiskus, gan metafizikas rosinātos jautājumus,
pārkāpjot tautu robežas un ieejot vispārcilvēcisko problēmu pasaulē. Līdz ar to politiskās
atskaņas, vēsturisku personību tēli un notikumu atspulgi mijiedarbojoties konturē plašu
pagātnes kultūrtelpu.
No 13 Raiņa pabeigtajām lugām diaboliskie tēli izmantoti piecās: „Uguns un nakts”,
„Mīla stiprāka par nāvi”, „Rīgas ragana”, „Spēlēju, dancoju” un „Ilja Muromietis”, kur
Velns vai ragana darbojas epizodiskās ainās, vai arī šiem tēliem tiek piešķirta galvenā loma.
Raiņa arhīvā ir arī vairākas aizsāktas lugas par mitoloģiskām tēmām, kurās Velnam būtu
ierādīta viena no centrālajām vietām.
Atslēgas vārdi: Rainis, simbolisms, diaboliskie tēli.Annotation
In Latvian drama in the aesthetics of symbolism, no one has employed folklore materials
as diversely as Rainis, thus with the use of familiar mythological plots and characters the author
was able to address not only philosophical, but also issues stemming from metaphysics,
crossing the borders of peoples and entering the world of general human problems. This way,
the interplay of political aftermath, figures of historical personalities and events outline a wide
cultural space of the past.
Diabolic characters are employed in five out of the 13 complete plays by Rainis: "Uguns
un nakts", "Mīla stiprāka par nāvi", "Rīgas ragana", "Spēlēju, dancoju" and "Ilja Muromietis",
where the Devil or a witch is present in episodic scenes or these characters are selected as
protagonists. In Rainis' archive, there are several unfinished plays concerning mythological
themes, in which the Devil would be assigned one of the central parts.
Key words: Rainis, symbolism, Diabolic characters
Comparative Studies of Rainis’ Works in Lithuania and its New Perspectives: Parallels between Rainis’ "The End and the Beginning" and Putinas’ "Between Two Dawns"
No full textStraipsnyje remiamasi tipologinės komparatyvistikos metodologiniais principais, kurie yra pristatyti komparatyvistų Alexandru’o Dimos, Dionýzo Ďurišino ir Peterio V. Zimos veikaluose. Pirmoje straipsnio dalyje trumpai referuojama ir aptariama lyginamosios baltistinės rainistikos istorija: Janio Rainio (Jānis Rainis) kūrybos aspektinis ar bendresnis lyginimas su lietuvių rašytojų Juliaus Janonio, Vydūno, Vinco Krėvės-Mickevičiaus, Maironio kūryba. Tokius tyrimus yra atlikę Kazys Umbrasas, Silvestras Gaižiūnas, Aurelija Mykolaitytė ir kiti lietuvių literatūrologai. Antra straipsnio dalis skirta lyginamuoju būdu analizuoti latvių literatūros istorijai svarbų Rainio eilėraščių rinkinį „Galas ir pradžia“ (1912) ir lietuvių literatūros istorijai svarbų Vinco Mykolaičio-Putino rinkinį „Tarp dviejų aušrų“ (1927). Atskleidžiamas šių dviejų knygų tipologinis bendrumas: panaši simbolistinė poetika, artima žmogaus, jo santykio su pasauliu ir universumu koncepcija, panašūs asmenybės savasties ieškojimo, savirefleksijos keliai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Baltistika; Janis Rainis; Lyginamoji rainistika; Tipologinė komparatyvistika; Tipologinė komparatyvistika, baltistika, lyginamoji rainistika, Janis Rainis, Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas; Vinas Mykolaitis-Putinas; Baltic Studies; Comparative Studies of Rainis' works; Janis Rainis; Typological comparativistics; Typological comparativistics, Baltic Studies, Comparative studies of Rainis works, Janis Rainis, Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas; Vinas Mykolaitis-PutinasThe article uses the methodological principles of typological comparativistics introduced in the works of Alexandru Dima, Dionýz Ďurišin and Peter V. Zima. The first part of the article, presents the history of comparative studies of Latvian author, Jānis Rainis, i.e. the aspectual or more general comparison of his works with the works of Lithuanian writers: Julius Janonis, Vydūnas, Vincas Krėvė-Mickevičius, and Maironis. Kazys Umbrasas, Silvestras Gaižiūnas, Aurelija Mykolaitytė and other Lithuanian literature science specialists applied this approach in their research. The second part of the article analyses and compares the important collection of poems by Rainis, "The End and the Beginning" (Gals un sākums, 1912), and a significant collection of poems by Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas, "Between Two Dawns" (Tarp dviejų aušrų, 1927). The typological generality of both works is being noted, for example, similar symbolist poetics, concept of a human and his close relation to the world and universe, similar ways of searching for self-identity, and self-reflection
Symbolic and philosophical similarities between Jan Kasprowicz’s and Janis Rainis’ poetry
No full textThe text Symbolic and philosophical similarities between Jan Kasprowicz’s and Janis Rainis’ poetry presents the figure of Kasprowicz – a great Polish modernist, and Rainis – a Latvian poet and playwright, a man of the theater, author of numerous works for children and a recognized translator of the works of William Shakespeare, Friedrich Schiller, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, George Gordon Byron, and Aleksander Pushkin. The analysis is directed toward the lyrical work of the Latvian and the Polish poet, emphasizing its symptomatic symbolism and philosophical influences (Blaise Pascal, Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich Nietzsche, Henri Bergson) present in the phenomena of nature and love
The Aspects of Rainis Poetic Reception in Latvian Culture at the Turn of Centuries 20th and 21th: Independent Music Album „Strāvoklis” (2011)
No full textBakalaura darba nosaukums: „Raiņa dzejas recepcijas aspekti Latvijas kultūrā 20. un 21. gs. mijā: Neatkarīgās mūzikas albums „Strāvoklis” (2011)”
Darba izpildītāja- Latvijas Universitātes Humanitāro zinātņu fakultātes baltu filoloģijas 3. kursa studente Santa Galiņa.
Darba vadītājs- lektora p.i. Pauls Daija.
Darbs ir .lapaspušu garš.
Bakalaura darba mērķis: noskaidrot, vai neatkarīgās mūzikas izlase „Strāvoklis” īstenojusi Raiņa daiļrades organisku iekļaušanos mūsdienu kultūras procesos.
Pētījuma rezultāti : Lai arī izlasē iekļautie mūziķi pārliecinoši uzskatījuši, ka recepcijai vajadzētu notikt, to argumentējot ar daudzveidīgo pieeju Raiņa dzejai vienas izlases robežās, tomēr izlases mērķauditorija- skolēni ne vien noliedz Raiņa dzejas recepciju izlases „Strāvoklis” kontekstā, bet arī citus Raiņa daiļrades komponējums atzīst par mūsdienās neaktuāliem.Subject of the Bachelor work: Raiņa dzejas recepcijas aspekti Latvijas kultūrā 20. un 21. gs. mijā: Neatkarīgās mūzikas albums „Strāvoklis” (2011) (The Aspects of Rainis Poetic Reception in Latvian Culture at the Turn of Centuries 20th and 21th: Independent Music Album „Strāvoklis” (2011) ).
The author - Santa Galiņa, 3rd year student of bachelor studies in the Baltic philology of the Department of Latvistic and Baltic Philology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Latvia.
The supervisor – lecturer Pauls Daija.
The work is 45 pages long.
The aim of the Bachelor work: To find out if independent music album “Strāvoklis” realized organic inclusion of Rainis creation in contemporary culture processes.
Study results:
Musicians consider, that reception of Rainis poetic is realized, but conflicting views have students. They deny Rainis poetic reception with independent music album “Strāvoklis” and consider songs with Rainis poetics nowadays not important
Poetess Aspasia – Literary Heroine in the Latvian and in the Foreign Literature
No full textDarba autore ir Zane Grīnberga.
Izstrādātā zinātniskā darba tēma ir dzejniece Aspazija – literārā varone latviešu un ārzemju literatūrā. Pētījums ir veikts par dzejnieci latviešu literatūras vēsturē.
Bakalaura darbā, veicot pētījumu par dzejnieci Aspaziju, tika izmantotas salīdzinošā pētījuma metode un klasiskā literāro tēlu analīze, aplūkojot Jāľa Kalniľa biogrāfisko romānu „Rainis‖ (1977), Baľutas Rubess muzikālo lugu „Tango Lugāno‖ (1987), Roalda Dobrovenka biogrāfisko romānu „Rainis un viņa brāļi: viena dzejnieka septiņas dzīves‖ (1999), Kjāras Makoni garais stāsts „Sarkanā komēta: Kādas tikšanās hronika‖ (2001) un Saulcerītes Viese biogrāfiskais romāns „Mūţības spārni: Stāstījums par Aspazijas dzīvi‖ (2004). Salīdzinot Aspazijas tēlojumu minētajos literārajos darbos, nedaudz izmantotas ir feminisma idejas sieviešu literatūrā.
Tēls bakalaura darbā ir pētīta vairākos aspektos, bet visspilgtāk analizētajos darbos izpaužas tieši Aspazijas un Raiľa attiecību tēlojums.
Bakalaura darbā pētījums veikts salīdzinot, kā Aspazija tēlota minētajos literārajos darbos. Līdz ar to bakalaura darba izstrādes gaitā ir nonākts pie secinājuma, ka katrs autors ir centies radīt savu individuālo dzejnieces Aspazijas tēlu, balstoties uz viľas biogrāfijas faktiem un literatūras vēstures faktu avotiem. Katrā bakalaura darbā aplūkotajā literārajā darbā ir tieši vai netieši aprakstīta un analizēta Aspazijas biogrāfija.
Šo darbu var izmantot skolnieki, studenti un pedagogi.
Nozīmīgākie teksta atslēgas vārdi ir – latviešu dzejniece Aspazija, biogrāfiskā proza, Rainis.The author of the Bachelor’s paper: Zane Grīnberga.
The theme of the research paper: Poetess Aspasia – Literary Heroine in the Latvian and in the Foreign Literature. The research is carried out in Latvian due to the fact that in the paper there are used those the literary works translated in Latvian.
In the research, the method of comparison and the common analysis of the literary characters were applied. The following literary works were used: biographical novel ―Rainis (1977) by Jānis Kalniľš, musical play ―Tango Lugāno” (1987) by Baľuta Rubess, biographical novel Rainis un viņa brāļi: viena dzejnieka septiņas dzīves (1999) by Roald Dobrovenky, Chiara Macconi’s long story Sarkanā komēta: Kādas tikšanās hronika (2001) un bibliographical novel Mūţības spārni: Stāstījums par Aspazijas dzīvi (2004) by Saulcerīte Viese.
Character is a matter of research in various aspects; however, relationship between Aspasia and Rainis is illustrated the most expressively in the literary works.
In the Bachelor’s paper, the research is carried out with a help of comparison of reflection of Aspasia in literary works mentioned above. The conclusion of the research is following: all the authors have tried to create their own image of the poetess on the basis of her biographical data and sources of the history of literature. In each literary work used in the research, there is a direct or indirect analysis and description of the biography of Aspasia.
This research paper can be used by pupils, students and educators.
Key words: Latvian poetess Aspasia, biographical prose, Rainis
Optimization of Summer Road Maintenance
No full textKäesolevas töös kirjeldati suviseid teehooldustöid ja nõudeid teehooldustöödele vastavalt kehtestatud
juhenditele ja tee seisundinõuetele ning tutvustati alternatiivseid meetodeid suviste teehooldustööde
keskkonnamõjude vähendamiseks. Täpsemalt peatuti suvisel teehooldel, peamiselt teepeenarde ja
teemaa haljastamisel tehtavatel töödel, töödele esitatavatel nõuetel ning hooldustööde järelevalvel.
Hooldusmeetoditest on täpsemalt kirjeldatud niitmist, trimmerdamist, herbitsiididega töötlemist ja
taimede hävitamist leegi või kuuma auruga ning meetodite keskkonnasõbralikkust ja kasutatavust
igapäevahoolduses. Koostati ülevaade erinevate hooldusmeetodite mõjust ümbritsevale
elukeskkonnale loodusele ja liiklusohutusele. Teetööde ohutuse osas toodi välja teetöölise riietuse ja
masinate märgistamise nõudeid, ohutusreegleid tee- ja hooldustöödel ning järelevalvest reeglite
täitmisel
Alternatiivsete meetodite käsitlemisel lähtuti teistes riikides kasutusel olevate meetodite
tutvustamisest ning autori poolt pakuti välja omapoolne ümbritsevat keskkonda vähem kahjustav ja
hooldustööde kulusid vähendav meetod .
Alternatiivina tihedale niitmisele on Skandinaaviamaades kasutusel madalakasvuliste õitsevate
taimede kasutamine haljastuses, mis loob võimalusekaunite õierohkete loodusliku kooslustega
teeäärte ja haljasalade tekkimiseks vähendades samas oluliselt ka putukate vigastamist tee igakordsel
hooldusel ja tagades taimedele loodusliku paljunemise võimalused seemnete abil.
Laialdaselt on kasutusel ka niidetud ja purustatud heina ehk heksli kokkukogumine teeservadest
hoides ära maapinnale tiheda kulukihi tekkimise, mis takistab päikesevalguse ja suuremate
taimeseemnetega taimede loodusliku paljunemise, kuna seemned jäävad kulukihile ja ei idane.
Lisaks eelpool kirjeldatud võimalustele pakub käesoleva töö autor välja omapoolse hetkel
Patendiametis menetluses oleva „Maapinnale paigaldatavad liiklusmärkide, postide ja puude ümbris“
(registreerimistaotlus nr.U202100039), mille eesmärgiks on tee peenarde, liiklusmärkide,
tähispostide ja haljastuses kasutatavate puude ümbruse hooldamine ja esteetilise välimuse tagamine
ilma teetöölist ja trimmerit kasutamata. Autori eesmärgiks on tulevikus ümbriste valmistamiseks
kasutada rehvipurust või ümbertöödeldud plastikust segusid, kuid kuna hetkel puudub Eestis suure
tootmismahuga selle valdkonnaga tegelevad ettevõtted, siis käsitleb autor imporditud lehplastist ja
turul saadaoleva bituumenist katusematerjalidest ümbriseid. Lisaks tööpõhimõtte kirjeldamisele ning toote hinna arvutamisele toob autor välja Põlva
hoolduspiirkonna teedevõrguandmeid kasutades hooldusmeeskondadega tehtavate hooldetööde
maksumuse ühe-, seitsme-, ja kümneaastase perioodi jooksul. Kuna bituumenümbriste kasutusiga on
7 aastat, plastikümbristel aga 10 aastat, siis ongi hooldustööde kulud arvutatud just selliste
ajavahemikega. Arvutustes kasutati teehooldusfirma projektijuhi poolt saadud 2021. aasta palga- ja
kütusekulude andmeid ning 7 ja 10 aasta perspektiivis tehtud arvutustes kasutati andmeid ilma
inflatsiooni, palga- ja kütusehindade tõuse arvestamata. Arvutuste tulemusel on bituumenümbriste
kasutamisel nende eeldatava kasutusaja ehk 7 aasta jooksul ettevõtte saadav kulude kokkuhoid 22%,
kui ettevõte kasutab kuue teetöölise asemel kahte, kelle ülesandeks on ümbriste kasutamist välistavate
kohtade trimmerdamine ja ümbriste, paigaldus. Olulisemalt kallimate, kuid pikema 10 aastase
kasutusajaga plastikust ümbriste kasutamisel on ettevõtte kokkuhoid 10 aasta kohta 18% .
Liiklusohutuse aspektist on kõige mõistlikum alustada ümbriste paigaldamist kõige tihedama
liiklusega teedele, mida hooldatakse aastas kolm korda ja inimesed viibivad teel kolm korda kauem
kui teedel, mida hooldatakse üks kord aastas. Autori arvates on antud lahendus lihtne ja toimiv
võimaldades tulevikus oluliselt keskkonnasõbralikumat, ohutumat ja odavamat, käsitööst ja
inimfaktorist sõltumatut, masinatega teostatavat ja vähem administreerimist nõudvat teede
hooldamist.The following thesis the Optimization of Summer road maintenance works and requirements for road
maintenance works were described in accordance with the established guidelines and road condition
requirements. In addition, alternative methods for reducing the environmental impact of summer road
maintenance were introduced. The main focus was on summer road maintenance, largely on roadbeds
and landscaping work, the requirements and the supervision of maintenance tasks. Moreover,
maintenance intervals for different road condition requirements were introduced both on Estonian
State Roads and in neighbouring countries. As for care methods, mowing, trimming, herbicide
treatment and the destruction of plants by flame or hot steam, as well as the environmental friendliness
and usability of these methods in daily care were described in more detail.
An overview of the impact of different maintenance methods on the surrounding living environment,
nature and traffic safety was compiled. Regarding the safety of road works, the requirements for the
clothing of road workers and the marking of machines, safety rules for road and maintenance work,
as well as the supervision of compliance with the rules were brought out. The discussion of alternative
methods was based on the introduction of the methods used in other countries, and the author
proposed a method that was less harmful to the environment and reduced maintenance costs.
As an alternative to dense mowing, the Scandinavian countries use low-growing flowering plants in
landscaping, which create the opportunity for beautiful flower-rich roadsides and green areas, while
significantly reducing insect damage during each maintenance of the road and providing plants with
natural seed propagation.
Collecting mowed and crushed hay, or hex, from the edges of the road is also widely used, preventing
the formation of a dense layer on the ground, which prevents sunlight and the natural reproduction of
plants with larger plant seeds, as the seeds remain in the layer and do not germinate.
In addition to the possibilities described above, the author of the current paper proposes his own
“Surface Mounted Envelope for Traffic Signs, Poles and Trees" (registration application no.
U202100039), which is currently pending before the Patent Office and which is aimed at the
maintenance of road beds, road signs, signposts and surroundings of trees used in landscaping without
the help of a road worker or trimmer. The author's goal in the future is to use tire crumbs or recycled
plastic mixtures for the production of plant protection discs, but since there is no company in Estonia
with a large production volume yet, the author uses plant protection discs made of imported plastic sheet material and bituminous roofing materials
available on the market.
In addition to the description of the working principle and calculation of the price of the product, the
author uses the data of the road network of the Põlva maintenance area to point out the cost of
maintenance work with maintenance teams over a period of one, seven and ten years. As the service
life of bitumen plant protection discs is 7 years while plastic plant protection discs last for 10 years,
maintenance costs were calculated over the same periods.
In the calculations, the data on wages and fuel costs obtained in 2021 by the project manager of the
road maintenance company was used. The calculations were made in the perspective of 7 and 10
years without taking into account the increase in wages and fuel prices.
The results of the calculations indicate expected cost savings of 22% when using bituminous discs
over 7 years if the company employs two road workers (instead of six), whose tasks include site
trimming and disc installation. The company's savings over 10 years are 18% when using more
expensive plastic envelopes with a longer service life of 10 years.
From a road safety point of view, it makes the most sense to start installing discs on the busiest roads
that are maintained three times a year and that people use three times more often than on roads that
are maintained once a year. According to the author, this solution is simple and functional, enabling
road maintenance, which is significantly more environmentally friendly, safer and cheaper,
independent of manual work and the human factor, performed by machines and requiring less
administration
Analysis of the Existing Dwelling Situation and Reconstruction Proposals
No full textTöös võeti vaatluse alla Tallinnas Lembitu tn 6, asuva neljakorruselise kortermaja konstruktsioonid ning tehnosüsteemid. Töö käigus anti hinnang hoone üldseisukorrale ning pakuti välja renoveerimispaketti, lisaks hinnati pakettide maksumust ja tasuvusaega. Analüüsi käigus arvutati soojuserikaod läbi külmasildade, välispiirete, infiltratsiooni ning ventilatsiooni. Töö käigus teostati sisekliima mõõtmised, süsinikdioksiidi konsentratsioonile õhus, suhtelisele õhuniiskusele ja temperatuurile. Mõõtmistulemustest saab järeldada, et süsinikdioksiidi määr ei vasta lubatud normile. Peamiseks probleemiks hoonel on moraalne vananemine. Ventilatsioon on mittetoimiv, välispiirded vajavad värskendust ja küttesüsteem on vaid osaliselt uuendatud. Probleemide lahendamiseks on töös välja pakutud kolm erinevat rekonstrueerimispaketti. Pakett 0 sisaldab hädavajalikke tõid hoone püsimise tagamiseks ja II klassi sisekliima tagamiseks. Töö autori hinnangul on lahendused vundamendi hüdroisoleerimine, fassaadi parandused ja mehaanilise ventilatsiooni ehitamine. Paketis I ja II on välja pakutud hoone täieulatuslik renoveerimine, mille käigus uuendatakse välisilme, kaitstakse vundament niiskuse eest, soojustatakse pööning, vahetatakse ja parendatakse avatäited, ehitatakse välja soojustagastusega ventilatsioonisüsteem ning tasakaalustatakse küttesüsteem. Paketis II on täiendavalt veel taastuvenergia lahendus päikesepaneelide näol. Projketi käigus teostatud hoone kütteenergiakulu arvutused on arvutatud vastavalt majandus- ja taristuministri määrusele „Hoone energiatõhususe miinumumnõuded“ (Vastu võetud 03.06.2015 nr 55) lihtsustatud meetodil [17]. Arvutused näitavad, et suuremahulise rekonstrueerimisega on võimalik vähendada kütteenergia kulu ja paraneks ka sisekliima. Diskonteeritud tasuvusaja arvutused on teostatud vastavalt rekonstrueerimispakettide maksumusele ja kütteenergia kulule. Intressi määr tasvusaja arvutustel on 3%. Tulemustest on teada, et komplektse renoveerimise tasuvusaeg on ca 30 aastat. Hinnangulselt on see tasuv. Lisaks on veel võimalus renoveerimist finantseerida pööningukorruse müügiga. Sellisel juhul on Paketi I tasuvusaeg 7 aastat ja Paketi II tasuvusaeg 8 aastat. Pakettidest eelistab autor Pakett I, kuna Pakett II ja Pakett I erinevus KOKKUVÕTE 63 seiseb vaid taastuvenergia lahenduses. Pakett II taastuvenergialahenduse võib võimalusel ka hiljem paigalda. Rekonstrueerimisettepanekute järgi on koostatud hinnanguline ehituse organiseerimise juhend koos kalendergraafikuga. Tööde teostamiseks kulub 5 kuud. Töö käigus teostati konstruktsiooni arvutused, mille tulemusena võib kindel olla, et hoone pööningukorrus on võimalik välja ehitada ohustamata hoone stabiilsust.The thesis discussed the constructions and technical systems of a four-storey apartment building located at Lembitu street 6 in Tallinn. In the course of the work an assessment was carried out focusing on the overall conditions of the building. In addition, the renovation packages were offered and the cost of the latter and the cost of the recovery period were evaluated. During the analysis thermal materials were calculated through cold bridges, external borders, infiltration and ventilation. In the course of the work indoor climate measurements, including on airborne carbon dioxide, relative humidity and temperature were performed. It can be concluded from the measurement results that the carbon dioxide level does not meet the permitted norm. The main problem for the building is moral aging. The ventilation is ineffective, external fronts need to be updated and the heating system has only been partially upgraded. Three different reconstruction packages have been proposed to solve the previously brought out problems. Package 0 includes the indispensable means to ensure that the building is maintained well and to ensure that the indoor climate is guaranteed in class II. According to the author of the work the solutions are the following: the waterproofing of the foundation, facade repairs and the construction of the mechanical ventilation. Packages II and II include the following proposal: complete renovation of the building during which will renew the exterior, protect the foundation from moisture, insulate the attic, bring about the exchange and improvement of the openings, construct a heat-insulated ventilation system and balance the heating system. In addition, solar panels have been brought out as a solution for additional renewable energy in the package II. The calculations about the heating energy costs of the building which were carried out during the project were calculated in accordance with simplified method according to the regulation of the Minstry of the Economy and Welfare “Minimum Requirements for Energy Building of a Building” (Adopted on 3 June 2015, no 55). The calculations show that the large-scale reconstruction can reduce the costs of the heating energy and improve indoor climate. SUMMARY 65 The calculation of the discounted payback period has been performed according to the cost of the reconstruction packages and the cost of heating energy. The interest rate in the pay-off calculations is 3%. It is known from the results that the payback period for a complete renovation is about 30 years. It is estimated to be cost-efficient. In addition, there is still a possibility to finance the renovation with the help of the attic room sales. In this case, the payback period for package I is 8 years and the payback period for package II is 7 years. Author Peekett prefers the packages I out of all the possibilities since the difference between package II and package I lies in the renewable energy solution. The renewable energy solution in package II can be installed later, if possible. According to the proposals for reconstruction, an estimated construction guide with calendar schedule has been prepared. It takes 3 months to complete the work. In the course of the work construction calculations were likewisely carried out. As a result, we can be sure that the floor of the building's attic can be built without compromising stability
S-Pushkin! Three Translations. Eugene Onegin at Theatre, in Comics and in Friulian
No full textPuškin, “il nostro tutto” secondo l’antologico adagio di Grigor’ev, e una presenza sempre viva nella cultura russa contemporanea: cosi il suo capolavoro Evgenij Onegin, che viene ‘riscritto’ nelle opere di drammaturghi russi contemporanei – o assume la veste (grafica) di un manga e di un romanzo a fumetti. Nuove traduzioni – intralinguistiche e intersemiotiche – di un testo ritenuto intraducibile, eppure tradotto (e ritradotto) in tutte le maggiori lingue nazionali. Da oggi, in massima provocazione, anche in una lingua ‘minore’: il friulano. L’articolo – trascrizione di fatti realmente accaduti (a una conferenza che non si vuole definire tale) – esplora i confini del tradurre, aprendo brecce di senso e di sensi su un’opera che per il lettore straniero ha sempre avuto il gusto indecifrabile e dubbio – come suggeriva Nabokov – dello “Champagne sovietico”.Pushkin, “our everything” according to the anthological definition of Grigoryev, is an ever-living presence in contemporary Russian culture; the same goes for his masterpiece Eugene Onegin, which finds itself ‘rewritten’ in the works of contemporary Russian playwrights – or takes on the (graphic) guise of a manga and a comic novel. New translations – intralinguistic and intersemiotic – of a text which is considered to be untranslatable, and is yet translated (and retranslated) into all major national languages. From today, in the utmost provocation, also into a ‘minor’ language: Friulian. The article – a transcription of actual events (that took place during a conference which was not intended as such) – explores the boundaries of translation, opening breaches of meaning and senses on a work that for the foreign reader has always had the indecipherable and dubious taste – as Nabokov suggested – of “Sovetskoe shampanskoe”
