1,721,020 research outputs found
Climate change, biodiversity loss and mental health: a global perspective
Full text linkClimate change can have various psychopathological manifestations which have been more actively addressed by scientific research only in recent years. Indeed, extreme weather events and environmental changes have been shown to be associated with a range of mental health problems. Following the destruction of ecosystems, biodiversity loss can cause mental distress and emotional responses, including so-called 'psychoterratic' syndromes arising from negatively felt and perceived environmental change. Studies investigating relationships between biodiversity and mental health reveal a complex landscape of scientific evidence, calling for a better understanding of this challenging issue. Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists
A Geodatabase for Multisource Data Management Applied to Cultural Heritage: The Case Study of Villa Buonaccorsi's Historical Garden
Full text linkIn recent years, the digitization of historical data related to the architectural heritage and the development of ICT-based methodologies applied to cultural goods have become increasingly relevant. In this context, the use of GIS (Geographical Information System) is growing significantly, with the aim of collecting, analysing and managing heterogeneous data in a spatial context. Given such premise, the site identified for this case-study is a historical Italian Garden into the Villa Buonaccorsi in Potenza Picena (MC, Italy). The project aims at creating a methodology, that organizing natural and artificial elements in the GIS, to support management and planning of this landscape architecture, considering also the changes during the time. A suitable GIS can promote and ensure a correct use of the heritage knowledge, preserving the historical identity, overlaying the data. The data management system, specifically developed for this case, is based on an open source GIS, where surveyed data coming from different sources and the relation to the attributes have been descripted in a conceptual model. The inventory of this geodatabase, in a dedicated GIS, has allowed to perform some queries, making in output a dialogue box with all the information, in form of report, useful to the manager of a historical garden. The structure of the GIS can significantly to help who works with similar cases and it can be useful for analysis, management, storage and integration of information related to Italian gardens
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
β-2 Agonists as Misusing Drugs? Assessment of both Clenbuterol- and Salbutamol-related European Medicines Agency Pharmacovigilance Database Reports
No full textA recent years’ increase in misusing levels of image- and performance- enhancing drugs (IPEDs) has been observed. Out of these drugs, beta-2 agonists have recently emerged for their potential of misuse, especially for slimming and bodybuilding purposes. To this perspective, clenbuterol (‘the size zero pill’) has been reported as being both popular and widely available from the illegal market. All clenbuterol and salbutamol misuse/abuse/dependence/withdrawal/overdose/off-label spontaneous reports (2006–2016) from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) EudraVigilance (EV) database were collected and analysed by age range, gender, concomitant therapies and source of information. From the EV database, 55 of a total number of 920 ‘suspect’ misuse/abuse/dependence/withdrawal/overdose/off-label ADRs (e.g. 5.97%; corresponding to 25 of 138 individuals) and 1310 of 62,879 ADRs (e.g. 2.08%; corresponding to 474 of 6923 individuals) were, respectively, associated with clenbuterol (typically ingested in combination with a range of anabolic steroids) and salbutamol. Proportional reporting ratio (PRR) value for misuse/abuse ADRs was higher (PRR = 18.38) for clenbuterol in comparison with salbutamol. Clenbuterol misuse/abuse could be a cause for major concern, especially in vulnerable individuals. © 2018 Nordic Association for the Publication of BCP
Editorial: Misuse and abuse of prescription drugs in custodial settings
No full textCustodial settings, such as prisons and psychiatric hospitals, are meant to be places of rehabilitation and security. Beside the abuse of illicit drugs, a growing concern about these institutions is the misuse and abuse of prescription drugs. Prescription drug abuse is the use of a prescription medication in a way not intended by the prescriber. The consequences of this serious public health problem range from an increase in treatment and emergency room admission, to raise in addiction and overdose deaths. The most abused drugs generally include opioid-based painkillers, anti-anxiety medications, sedatives and stimulants. The easier way to obtain them in comparison to illegal drugs and the possibility to avoid controls might explain the spreading of prescription drug misuse and abuse in particular settings. However, due to a number of ethical challenges, first of all the need for safeguarding the free participation of people, the research in the custodial setting is still limited. This Research Topic explores this issue examining four papers
Algorithms for Enhancing Satellite Imagery to Discover Archaeological Finds Covered by Shadow
No full textVery high-resolution (VHR) images proved to be an invaluable source of information even in the archaeological domain, but sometimes shadows hinder their full exploitation. To overcome such limitation, this research proposes a workflow able to analyze shadowed zones, by processing Pléiades and World-View 2 images. The case study is the archaeological site of Maltai, in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region, which presents shadowed areas to be detected. Applying de-shadowing workflow has been tested over multispectral and panchromatic images, with different invariant color spaces. The proposed methods exploit the techniques of automatic thresholding and spectral ratio in the detection of shadow regions. This approach shows a clustering of shadow pixels for an enhanced images visualization and proves its suitability for archaeological settings
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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