1,721,010 research outputs found
New Processes
No full textA change from a consumer society to a sustainable and conserver society must focus on for the welfare of the planet and future generations through balance rather than by maximizing the exploitation of resources. This will bring about further growth as an option for both per capita consumption and the population. Muddled and tepid responses make it clear that the society has not developed a vision of what a truly sustainable society looks like. It is essential to bring awareness to the possibility of creating a sustainable society which will incorporate sustainable development goals (SDGs) to generate a future with more possibilities. In order to move towards a sustainable society, it is vital to provide the highest standard of wellbeing, from an environmental, human, and economic perspective. We can contribute by providing technical and scientific studies that can be accessed freely and implemented by all. These works cover the important parameters that can be addressed to achieve sustainability, such as being energetically sustainable, resource-sustainable, environmentally sustainable, fiscally sustainable, and socially sustainable
Cultivation of microalgae using organic compost as nutrient source for biomolecules extraction via multiphase partitioning techniques
Get PDFMicroalgae have been gaining attention as a sustainable third-generation feedstock for biofuel and bioproducts production due to their high products yield and renewability compared to other plant sources. Nevertheless, the production of biofuels and valuable compounds from microalgae does not perform well in terms of an economic and environmental perspective. The cultivation of microalgae requires large amounts of freshwater and nutrients, leading to high operating costs. There is a need to find alternative sources which could potentially promote the recycling the nutrients for renewable feedstock cultivation. Utilization of these waste sources could alleviate the global resource crisis and contribute to better nutrient use efficiencies. Besides that, the conventional processes used for extracting biomolecules from microalgae are not efficient and requires evaluation on the feasibility. Most of the processes involves the isolation, concentration and purification steps that uses high amount of chemicals and expensive equipment, hence contributing to the high total cost of producing valuable compounds from microalgae. This raises the significance of developing approaches to reduce the cost and increase efficiency in both the cultivation of microalgae and extraction techniques for biomolecules production.
This thesis presents the ultimate goal of discovering and developing a sustainable processing for the cultivation and biomolecules extraction from microalgae. The sustainable approaches include the discovery of an alternative nutrient source for the cultivation of microalgae, utilization of uprising bioseparation techniques for effective biomolecules extraction and purification, as well as the subsequent value-added products generation from the combination of various waste sources. This thesis discusses the use of food waste compost as an organic medium for microalgae cultivation. Food waste compost solution has the potential to partially substitute a portion of the inorganic medium and have shown to produce better biomass production rate (11.1% increase) and higher biochemical content (10.1% higher lipid and 2.0% higher protein content) in the biomass. This thesis also presents the use of two multiphase partitioning techniques, namely microwave-assisted three phase partitioning (MWTPP) and liquid biphasic flotation (LBF), for the extraction and purification of proteins and pigments, respectively. These techniques are simple and easy to operate, rapid processing, environmentally friendly, produce high yield and separation efficiency, and are potential to be scaled-up without difficulty. The utilization of these multiphase separation processes has shown promising extraction of valuable biomolecules from microalgae. MWTPP has successfully recovered 63.2% of proteins from Chlorella microalgae and LBF has purified 90.4% of C-phycocyanin from Spirulina microalgae. Moreover, this thesis illustrates the densification of food waste compost with dairy waste powder as an effective approach for producing value-added compounds using waste sources. The densification was done through pelletizing the compost with waste additive into pellets that are easier for handling, transportation and management. Lastly, the research achievement in these works and the future opportunities for further works are highlighted in the later parts of this thesis
Cultivation of microalgae using organic compost as nutrient source for biomolecules extraction via multiphase partitioning techniques
Get PDFMicroalgae have been gaining attention as a sustainable third-generation feedstock for biofuel and bioproducts production due to their high products yield and renewability compared to other plant sources. Nevertheless, the production of biofuels and valuable compounds from microalgae does not perform well in terms of an economic and environmental perspective. The cultivation of microalgae requires large amounts of freshwater and nutrients, leading to high operating costs. There is a need to find alternative sources which could potentially promote the recycling the nutrients for renewable feedstock cultivation. Utilization of these waste sources could alleviate the global resource crisis and contribute to better nutrient use efficiencies. Besides that, the conventional processes used for extracting biomolecules from microalgae are not efficient and requires evaluation on the feasibility. Most of the processes involves the isolation, concentration and purification steps that uses high amount of chemicals and expensive equipment, hence contributing to the high total cost of producing valuable compounds from microalgae. This raises the significance of developing approaches to reduce the cost and increase efficiency in both the cultivation of microalgae and extraction techniques for biomolecules production.
This thesis presents the ultimate goal of discovering and developing a sustainable processing for the cultivation and biomolecules extraction from microalgae. The sustainable approaches include the discovery of an alternative nutrient source for the cultivation of microalgae, utilization of uprising bioseparation techniques for effective biomolecules extraction and purification, as well as the subsequent value-added products generation from the combination of various waste sources. This thesis discusses the use of food waste compost as an organic medium for microalgae cultivation. Food waste compost solution has the potential to partially substitute a portion of the inorganic medium and have shown to produce better biomass production rate (11.1% increase) and higher biochemical content (10.1% higher lipid and 2.0% higher protein content) in the biomass. This thesis also presents the use of two multiphase partitioning techniques, namely microwave-assisted three phase partitioning (MWTPP) and liquid biphasic flotation (LBF), for the extraction and purification of proteins and pigments, respectively. These techniques are simple and easy to operate, rapid processing, environmentally friendly, produce high yield and separation efficiency, and are potential to be scaled-up without difficulty. The utilization of these multiphase separation processes has shown promising extraction of valuable biomolecules from microalgae. MWTPP has successfully recovered 63.2% of proteins from Chlorella microalgae and LBF has purified 90.4% of C-phycocyanin from Spirulina microalgae. Moreover, this thesis illustrates the densification of food waste compost with dairy waste powder as an effective approach for producing value-added compounds using waste sources. The densification was done through pelletizing the compost with waste additive into pellets that are easier for handling, transportation and management. Lastly, the research achievement in these works and the future opportunities for further works are highlighted in the later parts of this thesis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Extraction of microalgae proteins using microwave assisted pretreatment for food application
No full textMicroalgae are gaining traction as a sustainable source of proteins owing to their high nutritional value and minimal environmental footprint. However, the efficiency of protein extraction from microalgae still remains a challenge, as the rigid cell wall structure poses a hindrance. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) has emerged as a promising and convenient process that can improve the efficiency of protein extraction by disrupting the cellular wall and facilitating the release of intracellular components. This review explores the application of MAE from microalgae intended for food applications. The mechanism of microwave treatment and the impact of its various parameters such as microwave power, temperature and duration on protein extraction efficiency are analyzed and discussed. The review highlights the significance of MAE as a promising strategy to improve microalgae protein extraction, thereby contributing to the development of sustainable and nutritious food products.Bachelor's degre
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