1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Functional validation of the genetic architecture of «Salmonella» persistence in 129S6 mice and the impact of Ses1 (Nramp1) on the transcriptome of «Salmonella» enteritidis during chronic carriage
No full textSalmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis cause a food-borne disease resulting in gastroenteritis. To study the persistence of Salmonella during the late phase of infection, a mouse model was developed using C57BL/6J mice that clear the bacteria completely from the spleen and lymph nodes within 42 days post-infection and 129S6 mice that become chronic carriers. Linkage analyses using a cross between C57BL/6J and 129S6 mice led to the mapping of ten quantitative trait loci, Ses1 to Ses10, affecting Salmonella persistence in mice. In the females, Ses3 showed significant effects on bacterial clearance and two significant interactions between Ses1.2 and Ses4 and between Ses1.2 and Ses5. To functionally validate in vivo the interaction between Ses1.2 and Ses4 or Ses5, we created double congenic mice. Bacterial counts in the spleen and the liver demonstrated that both the 129S6.B6-Ses1.2/Ses4 and the 129S6.B6-Ses1.2/Ses5 mice clear Salmonella Enteritidis more efficiently than 129S6 or single congenic mice at day 42 post-infection validating the interaction terms identified by statistical analyses. We also tested the candidacy of Hamp as the gene underlying Ses5 by quantitative complementation test in which we did not detect a significant interaction between Hamp and Ses5. In addition, the effect of Nramp1 on the Salmonella expression of virulence factors, notably mgtB and phoP was investigated ex vivo and in vivo. To validate our hypothesis in vivo, we present the creation of ΔmgtB and ΔphoPQ Salmonella Enteritidis mutants.Salmonella Typhimurium et Salmonella Enteritidis sont des agents microbiens qui causent une gastroentérite d'origine alimentaire. Pour étudier le portage asymptomatique des salmonelles, nous avons développé un modèle chez la souris en utilisant les souris C57BL/6J qui arrivent à éliminer complètement la bactérie de la rate et des ganglions lymphatiques en l'espace de 42 jours après infection et les souris 129S6 qui deviennent des porteurs chroniques. En utilisant une approche de criblage génomique par locus, nous avons identifié dix loci (Ses1-Ses10) affectant la persistance de Salmonella chez la souris. Chez les femelles, le locus Ses3 et les interactions épistatiques entre les loci Ses1.2 et Ses4 et Ses1.2 et Ses5 participent à l'élimination de la bactérie. Pour valider les deux interactions in vivo, nous avons créé des nouvelles lignées congéniques combinatoires. L'énumération des bactéries dans la rate et le foie démontre que les souris 129S6.B6-Ses1.2/Ses4 et 129S6.B6-Ses1.2/Ses5 arrivent à éliminer Salmonella Enteritidis plus efficacement que les souris 129S6 ou les souris congéniques qui comprennent seulement un des locus au jour 42 après infection, validant les interactions identifiées par analyses statistiques. Nous avons testé la candidature du gène Hamp pour l'intervalle Ses5 en exécutant un test de complémentation pour lequel nous n'avons pas détecté d'interaction significative entre Ses5 et Hamp. De plus, l'influence de Nramp1 sur l'expression de facteurs virulents de Salmonella, notamment mgtB et phoP, a été investigué ex vivo et in vivo. Pour valider notre hypothèse in vivo, nous présentons la création de mutants bactériens pour les deux gènes
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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