1,721,144 research outputs found
Normalisation du Cyber- Physique Système pour une fabrication intelligente
No full textUn Système Cyber-Physique (CPS – Cyber-Physical System) est un système intelligent qui repose sur la collaboration de composants informatiques pour le contrôle de composants physiques. Les CPS relient le monde physique via des capteurs, des actionneurs, de la robotique et des systèmes intégrés, au monde virtuel du traitement de l'information. Les CPS constituent un vaste domaine de l'ingénierie prenant en charge des applications dans les interventions d'urgence, le transport aérien, les infrastructures critiques, les soins de santé, le transport intelligent, la robotique de service, et en particulier la fabrication intelligente. La technologie CPS est la technologie de base permettant le passage de l'Industrie 3.0 à la fabrication intelligente (Industrie 4.0), en transformant la fabrication de pointe. Cependant, la reconfiguration dynamique, les technologies de l’information, la connectivité sans fil, sont les défis importants des systèmes de production cyber-physique (CPPS), et la standardisation est undéfi essentiel pour ces derniers.L'objectif de cette thèse est d'aider les entreprises industrielles à intégrer les CPS dans leur chaîne de production, en se focalisant sur les normes. La principale contribution de ce travail de recherche consiste donc en la proposition d’un cadre théorique permettant la prise de décision pour l’intégration de CPSs. Ce cadre facilitera la conception et la configuration des CPSs afin de mettre en place un système d’aide à la décision pour les systèmes de production, axé sur la normalisation. Les ressources (machines, consommables, produits) seront équipées d'un ensemble de capteurs et d’actionneurs qui interagirons les uns avec les autres et avec leur environnement, pour donner des informations sur le processus de production et gérer les situations critiques.Les contributions de cette thèse sont tout d’abord un état de l’art sur la fabrication intelligente (Smart Manufacturing), les CPS et les standards, les architectures CPS; ensuite, la proposition d’une architecture 3C CPS pour la fabrication intelligente; puis, une étude sur les exigences pour les CPS en matière de réseaux sans fil, à partir des normes de technologie sans fil existantes; une proposition de normes pour chaque composant de l'architecture 3C CPS; enfin, la validation de l’architecture 3C CPS proposée dans le cadre de la ligne de production de condensateurs de l’entreprise Exxelia. L'architecture et les normes proposées ont pour finalité d’aider les entreprises à intégrer les CPS dans leurs chaînes de production, ceci dans le cadre de la fabrication intelligente (Smart Manufacturing).A Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is a smart system that depends on the collaboration of cyber and physical components. CPSs link the physical world through sensors, actuators, robotics, and embedded systems with the virtual world of information processing. Besides, CPS is a broad area of engineering which supports applications across emergency response, air transportation, critical infrastructure, health care, intelligent transportation, robotic for service, and particularly Smart Manufacturing. CPS is the core technology enabling the transition from Industry 3.0 to Smart Manufacturing (Industry 4.0) and is transforming advanced global manufacturing. However, dynamic reconfiguration, information technology, wireless connectivity, are essential challenges for cyber-physical production system (CPPS), and standardization is one of the vital challenges for CPPS.The objective of this thesis is to help the industry companies to integrate CPS in their production line, focusing on standards. The main contribution of this research is thus a theoretical decision-making framework for CPS integration. The application is the development of a framework that will facilitate the design and configuration of CPS systems to build a decision support system for production systems to focus on standardization. The resources (machines, consumables, products) will be equipped with a set of sensors/actuators, so they can interact with each other and with their environment to give information about the production process and to manage critical situations.The contributions of this thesis are first a literature review about Smart Manufacturing, CPS and standards, CPS architectures; second a proposed 3C CPS architecture for Smart Manufacturing; third a study on CPS wireless requirements from existing wireless technology standards; fourth a proposition of standards for each component of the 3C CPS architecture; and fifth, the validation of the proposed 3C CPS architecture in the Capacitor production line of Exxelia manufacturing.The proposed architecture and standards will assist the Smart Manufacturing companies in integrating CPS in their production lines
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Modeling emergency room patient flow related to respiratory diseases by geometric time series analysis
No full textChaque année, lors de la période hivernale, les hôpitaux sont profondément impactés par l'arrivée des virus hivernaux. Ces virus hivernaux, la grippe et le VRS sont difficiles à anticiper. En effet, ces phénomènes épidémiques ne sont pas parfaitement périodiques et ont un impact principalement sur le temps de séjour des patients plutôt que sur le nombre d'arrivée. Il n'est donc pas possible d'anticiper ces épidémies en analysant directement le nombre de patients arrivant au service des urgences par jour. A posteriori, pour avoir une image de l'épidémie, des tests PCR sont réalisés sur les patients de l'hôpital. De plus, un patient arrivant aux urgences est immédiatement classé selon ses symptômes. On propose alors de réunir les tests PCR positifs et le nombre d'arrivée par symptôme via du clustering de série temporelle. Cela met en lumière les symptômes liés aux virus. Ainsi, pour analyser l'arrivée probable d'une épidémie, on peut utiliser le nombre d'arrivée pour les symptômes marqueurs des virus plutôt que le nombre d'arrivée totale au service des urgences. Pour réaliser ce clustering, nous proposons une méthode innovante reposant sur une représentation géométrique des séries temporelles. En particulier, on met en lumière l'efficacité d'utiliser la géométrie de Riemman appliquée à la variété de la Grassmann (via une représentation sur la variété de la Stiefel) pour analyser les séries temporelles.Every year, during the winter period, hospitals are deeply impacted by the arrival of winter viruses. These winter viruses, influenza and RSV, are difficult to anticipate. Indeed, these epidemic phenomena are not perfectly periodic and have an impact mainly on the length of stay of patients rather than on the number of arrivals. It is therefore not possible to anticipate these epidemics by directly analyzing the number of patients arriving in the emergency department per day. A posteriori, in order to have an image of the epidemic, PCR tests are carried out on the hospital's patients. In addition, a patient arriving at the emergency department is immediately classified according to his symptoms. We then propose to gather the positive PCR tests and the number of arrivals per symptom via time series clustering. This highlights the symptoms related to viruses. Thus, to anticipate an arrival of an epidemic in a near future, we can use the number of arrivals for the virus marker symptoms rather than the total number of arrivals at the emergency department. To achieve this clustering, we propose an innovative method based on a geometric representation of time series. In particular, we highlight the efficiency of using the Riemmannian geometry applied to the Grassmann manifold (via a representation on the Stiefel manifold) to analyze time series
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Aircraft maintenance information system design and verification
No full textLe soutien opérationnel est l’un des aspects les plus importants pour la maintenance aéronautique. Il vise essentiellement à fournir un portefeuille de services permettant d’implémenter la maintenance avec un niveau élevé d’efficacité, de fiabilité et d’accessibilité. L’une des principales difficultés du support opérationnel est qu’il n’existe pas de plate-forme intégrant tous les processus de maintenance des avions afin de réduire les coûts et d’améliorer le niveau de service. Il est donc nécessaire de réaliser un système autonome de maintenance des avions dans lequel toutes les informations de maintenance peuvent être collectées, organisées, analysées et gérées de manière à faciliter la prise de décision. Pour ce faire, une méthodologie innovante a été proposée, qui concerne la modélisation, simulation, vérification formelle et analyse des performances du système autonome mentionné. Trois axes ont été abordés dans cette thèse. Premier axe concerne la conception et simulation d'un système autonome pour la maintenance aéronautique. Nous proposons une conception innovante d'un système autonome prenant en charge la prise de décision automatique pour la planification de la maintenance. Deuxième axe vise la vérification de modèles sur des systèmes de simulation. Nous proposons une approche plus complète de la vérification des comportements globaux et des comportements opérationnels des systèmes. Troisième axe porte sur l'analyse de la performance des systèmes de simulation. Nous proposons une approche consistant à combiner un système de simulation à base d’agent avec une approche « Fuzzy Rough Nearest Neighbor », afin de mettre en œuvre la classification et prévision efficaces des pannes pour la maintenance des avions avec des données manquantes. Finalement, des modèles et systèmes de la simulation ont été proposés. Des expérimentations de la simulation illustrent la faisabilité de l’approche proposée.Operational support is one of the most important aspects of aeronautical maintenance. It aims to provide a portfolio of services to implement maintenance with a high level of efficiency, reliability and accessibility. One of the major difficulties in operational support is that there is no platform that integrates all aircraft maintenance processes in order to reduce costs and improve the level of service. It is therefore necessary to build an autonomous aircraft maintenance system in which all maintenance information can be collected, organized, analyzed and managed in a way that facilitates decision-making. To do this, an innovative methodology has been proposed, which concerns modelling, simulation, formal verification and performance analysis of the autonomous system mentioned. Three axes were addressed in this thesis. The first axis concerns the design and simulation of an autonomous system for aeronautical maintenance. We offer an innovative design of an autonomous system that supports automatic decision making for maintenance planning. The second axis is the verification of models on simulation systems. We propose a more comprehensive approach to verifying global behaviours and operational behaviours of systems. The third axis focuses on the analysis of the performance of simulation systems. We propose an approach of combining an agent-based simulation system with the “Fuzzy Rough Nearest Neighbor” approach, in order to implement efficient classification and prediction of aircraft maintenance failures with missing data. Finally, simulation models and systems have been proposed. Simulation experiments illustrate the feasibility of the proposed approach
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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