1,721,031 research outputs found
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Prophylaxis and treatment controversies
Get PDFHepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD), also known as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, is a major complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and it carries a high mortality. Prophylaxis for hepatic VOD is commonly given to transplant recipients from the start of conditioning through the early weeks of transplant. However, high quality evidence from randomized controlled trials is scarce with small sample sizes and the trials yielded conflicting results. Although various treatment options for hepatic VOD are available, most have not undergone stringent evaluation with randomized controlled trial and therefore it remains uncertain which treatment offers real benefit. It remains controversial whether VOD prophylaxis should be given, which prophylactic therapy should be given, who should receive prophylaxis, and what treatment should be offered once VOD is established.published_or_final_versio
Transfusion of older blood and risk of death: unanswered questions
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and blood mercury level: A case-control study in Chinese children
No full textObjective: To investigate the association between blood mercury level and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Chinese children in Hong Kong. Methods: Fifty-two children with ADHD aged below 18 years diagnosed by DSM IV criteria without perinatal brain insults, mental retardation or neurological deficits were recruited from a developmental assessment center. Fifty-nine normal controls were recruited from a nearby hospital. Blood mercury levels were measured by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results: The mean ages of cases and controls were 7.06 and 7.81 years respectively. Boys predominated (case = 44 [84.6%], control = 44 [74.6%]). There was significant difference in blood mercury levels between cases and controls (geometric mean 18.2 nmol/L [95% CI 15.4-21.5 nmol/L] vs. 11.6 nmol/L [95% CI 9.9-13.7 nmol/L], p < 0.001), which persists after adjustment for age, gender and parental occupational status (p < 0.001). The geometric mean blood mercury level was also significantly higher in children with inattentive (19.4 nmol/L, 95% CI 13.3-28.5 nmol/L) and combined (18.0 nmol/L, 95% CI 14.9-21.8 nmol/L) subtypes of ADHD. Blood mercury levels were above 29 nmol/L in 17 (26.9%) cases and 6 (10.2%) controls. Children with blood mercury level above 29 nmol/L had 9.69 times (95% CI 2.57-36.5) higher risk of having ADHD after adjustment for confounding variables. Conclusion: High blood mercury level was associated with ADHD. Whether the relationship is causal requires further studies. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Specific language impairment and child care by a domestic helper: A case-control study in Chinese children
No full textObjective: To investigate the relationship between child care by domestic helper and specific language impairment (SLI). Design: Retrospective case-control study. Setting: A Child Assessment Center in Hong Kong that receives referrals from primary and secondary care settings. Participants: We reviewed medical records of all new referrals younger than 5 years during a 4-year period (1999-2003) and compared children with SLI (cases) with those referred with other behavioral problems and assessed to have normal language and overall development (controls) using the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scale. Specific language impairment was defined as a language quotient more than 1 SD below the mean and below the general developmental quotient in children with normal general developmental quotient but without neurological or other organic diseases. Results: Four hundred ninety-six children were included (237 cases and 259 controls). The mean ages of cases and controls were 2.51 and 2.89 years, respectively. Boys predominated (cases=73.4%, controls= 60.2%). The odds ratio (OR) of SLI for children cared for by a full-time domestic helper was 1.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-2.77; P=.03), after adjusting for confounding sociodemographic variables. Male gender (OR=1.91; 95% CI, 1.25-2.90), positive family history (OR=2.70; 95% CI, 1.55-4.73), fewer siblings (P=.01), and lower paternal occupational status (P=.01) were also risk factors for an SLI. Childcare by a domestic helper was associated with a higher severity of an SLI in ordinal regression analysis (P=.048). Conclusions: Childcare by a domestic helper is associated with increasing risk and severity of an SLI. Further studies are required to confirm the association and to evaluate whether avoidance of childcare by a domestic helper could be recommended for children with an SLI or prone to develop an SLI. ©2005 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Meta-analysis of association between a catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
No full textThere have been conflicting reports on the association between the Val158/108Met polymorphism of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Therefore we would like to perform a meta-analysis of previous studies to assess the overall magnitude and significance of the association. Family-based and case-control studies of the association between the COMT gene polymorphism and ADHD were searched systematically and comprehensively. Odds ratios (OR) of association were pooled by the fixed effects model if no significant heterogeneity was present among different studies. Subgroup analysis by gender and ADHD subtypes were also performed. Eleven family-based and two case-control studies were identified. After pooling the results, no significant association between the COMT Val158/108Met polymorphism and ADHD was found (OR 0.99 (95% CI: 0.88-1.12), P = 0.87). There was also no significant association when the results were stratified by gender or ADHD subtype. There was no significant statistical heterogeneity (χ2 = 12.27, P = 0.2) although clinical heterogeneity was present in the studies, especially the ethnicity of subjects. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated absence of undue influence of any single study. Standard regression analysis showed no significant publication bias. We concluded that no significant association was present between the most common COMT gene polymorphism and ADHD. Further studies should employ larger sample size in more homogeneous subjects. Further investigations in moderator variables and gene-gene and gene-environment interactions are also warranted. © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2006.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Use of psychostimulant in Chinese children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
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