759 research outputs found
A game-theoretic study on non-monetary incentives in data analytics projects with privacy implications
No full textAn Oculus Rift based Exergame to Improve Awareness in Disabled People
No full textIn this paper we present an exergame, based on the Oculus Rift head-mounted-display, with the aim of improving spatial awareness in young people with cognitive deficits. The scope is to create a virtual environment that should be immersive, and should allow a natural human-computer interaction, without creating discomfort to the users. The exergame is simple, since the aim of the present work is not to create a photo-realistic scenario, but a familiar environment in which to play and exercise cognitive abilities. To measure and track the movements of the users' legs, in order to simulate the walking in the environment in a safe way, an additional sensor, the Playstation Move, has been embedded into the system. Finally, the system has been tested with some disabled subjects, who confirmed the usability of the exergame and a general positive feeling with such an immersive virtual reality
A survey on experimental elicitation of creativity in economics
No full textThe interplay between individual creative ability and the way to enhance it is an issue with tremendous potential for economic analysis. In this survey, we dwell into the issue by focusing on the methodological advantages of economic experiments. We provide a review of the literature in experimental economics on creativity, identifying seven main objects of study. Namely, the impact on creativity of: (1) low vs. high monetary incentives, (2) the interplay of monetary incentives and tasks, (3) within-group competition, (4) within-group cooperation, (5) cultural factors, (6) non-monetary social incentives, and (7) strategic behavior. We also classify the studies in our review according to key features of standard experimental procedures in economics, as the type of creative task, the way it is assessed, and the specific subject pool. This multidimensional comparison allows us to conclude that the current lack of robust findings on the determinants of creativity in economics might be due to the absence of comparable experimental studies under the same experimental conditions. Our review also highlights the crucial role of previous research on creativity in the psychological literature in shaping procedures of elicitation of creativity in experimental economics
A MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF CONFLICTS IN VOTING SYSTEMS
Full text linkGame Theory applied to voting gives rise to the study of many different topics. In this thesis we present some results in order to evaluate the power share inside a Parliament, to analyze the criteria for the assessment of the voters’ preferences and to provide more efficient ways to compute the existing instruments.
The first part of the thesis deals with the issue of power in a voting system. In order to better analyze it, we investigate the way of combining a communication structure with the already existing indices of power. Moreover, we present the possibility of assuming some coalitions as less probable, but not infeasible, as the political scenario is complex enough to admit the possibility of very unlikely coalitions to form. Then, we add another important aspect to the problem; the alliances inside a decisional situation are not stable, but may evolve with time, mainly due to the fact that each agent aims at getting a higher power. We refer to an already existing instrument which, theoretically, may perfectly describe this situation. Unfortunately, the current computational complexity does not permit to adopt it in many real cases. Another important topic is the evaluation of the power to block instead of the power to win. We provide an index which evaluates the veto power and which can be extended in order to catch other characteristics of the game; for example, the probability that a party takes a particular decision, or that not every member of a party is present at the vote.
The second part of this thesis considers a previous step of the formation of a democracy: the evaluation of how much the resulting Parliament reflects the preferences expressed by the electors. We think that the goodness of a Parliament mainly depends on the power share between the parties and not only on the number of seats.
Finally, the last part shows a new exact method to improve the efficiency of the evaluation of one of the existing indices of power, the Public Good index
Foreword for the special issue: ‘‘Decision-Making Models for Common Goods in Environmental, Health, and Logistics Contexts’’
Full text linkWe present the scientific results of the call for papers in SEPS titled ’Decision-Making Models for Common
Goods in Environmental, Health, and Logistics Contexts.’ As guest editors in Socio-economic Planning Sciences
(SEPS), we describe the domain of our academic initiative and present the collected papers. Interestingly,
our collection includes papers employing various methodologies such as multi-criteria decision making, game
theory, operations research, microeconomics, computational models and insurance mathematics. We received
more than fifty submissions from Asia, Europe and America. However, only thirteen papers were accepted for
publication in SEPS. This demonstrates the extensive investigation of the problem of common goods and the
ongoing academic debate surrounding it.Ministerio
de Ciencia, Spain, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU/AEI/FEDER,
UE) through project PID2022- 137211NB-100Conselleria
d’Innovaciò, Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital, Generalitat
Valenciana, through project PROMETEO/2021/063Unicredit Foundation and by the
University of Padova under grant StG-49798
Quantitative Evaluation of Veto Power
Full text linkThe decisiveness index and the loose protectionism index for a single player have been introduced, starting from the decisiveness and the loose protectionism indices for a collective decisionmaking mechanism defined by Carreras. Attention was mainly focused on the latter index, being proposed as a quantitative measure of the power of veto of each agent. According to this index, a veto player has veto power equal to one, while each other player has a fractional power according to her/his likelihood of blocking a given proposal. Such an index coincides with the expected payoff at the Bayesian equilibrium of a suitable Bayesian game, which illustrates the non-cooperative point of view of a decision-making mechanism. (original abstract
Natural risk assessment and managment
No full text"Natural risk assessment and managment" is a chapter of the "Handbook on Urban Sustainability", edited by Nolberto Munier. A book which addresses the sustainable development of a city.
In particular Michela Tiboni deals with a subject rarely seen in the technical literature: Risk management. It refers to risks related with land uses, and as the author rightly states its aim is to reduce danger for human beings and the environment. Some projects are built on terrains that have characteristics that make then unsuitable for that kind of project. Others alter the natural flow of water during storms, paving the way to floods, and cave ins. Both can generate action-reaction response. This Chapter presents the necessary guidelines to evaluate a risk involved in the construction of a project. This is something that has to be carefully considered to avoid future consequences, which can turn to be catastrophic. Remember, most human activities modify the environment, and it is then necessary to evaluate the consequences of such actions
ACERCA DEL REALISMO PERSPECTIVISTA DE MICHELA MASSIMI
Full text linkIn Perspectival Realism (2022), Michela Massimi seeks to make compatible two positions usually presented as irreconcilable: pluralistic perspectivism and scientific realism. It is shown that the strategy adopted by the author in pursuit of the proposed objective is unsuccessful. However, this does not imply that both positions are decidedly incompatible. We put forward an alternative proposal that allows scientific realism and pluralism to be coherently reconciled. En Perspectival Realism (2022), Michela Massimi procura compatibilizar dos posiciones que, usualmente, se presentan como irreconciliables: el perspectivismo pluralista y el realismo científico. Se muestra que la estrategia adoptada por la autora en pos del objetivo propuesto resulta fallida. Sin embargo, ello no implica que ambas posiciones sean decididamente incompatibles. Se adelanta una propuesta alternativa que permite conciliar de manera coherente el realismo y el pluralismo científicos.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29327/2194248.5.3-7
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