1,721,020 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
High level sport, performance and management of emotional factors
No full textLes émotions sont identifiées comme un des principaux facteurs susceptibles d’influer la performance sportive, que ce soit positivement ou négativement. Il a été relevé que les environnements à haut risque fourniraient des avantages de régulation des émotions et donc une expérience de la maîtrise de l’anxiété chez les sportifs alexithymiques. L’alexithymie est caractérisée par un déficit dans la reconnaissance ou la verbalisation des émotions, un discours essentiellement orienté vers des préoccupations concrètes, voire factuelles, et une vie fantasmatique particulièrement pauvre. Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans le but d’étudier le trait de personnalité alexithymie comme un potentiel facteur psychique facilitant la performance sportive. En effet, les similitudes entre la nature stressante de l'environnement concurrentiel et les environnements à haut risque permettent l’hypothèse que l’environnement concurrentiel attire les individus alexithymiques.Pour ce faire, une revue systématique permet, dans un premier temps, de faire un état des lieux de l’alexithymie dans le milieu sportif. Ensuite, nous évaluons l’occurrence de l’alexithymie dans une population étudiante et observons si la pratique du sport est particulièrement associée à l’alexithymie. Une dernière étude permet l’évaluation du lien entre l’anxiété et l’alexithymie dans différents types de sports, hors environnement à risque, ainsi que l’étude de la relation entre la prévalence de l’alexithymie et des caractéristiques de la pratique sportive (quantité d’entrainements, niveau de pratique : loisir/compétition). Les résultats de cette recherche, nous permettent d’ouvrir des pistes pour des recherches futures sur l’alexithymie dans le sport et souligner l’importance d’un suivi psychologique de terrain adapté, en collaboration avec l’équipe pluriprofessionnelle qui entoure ces sportifs alexithymiques, notamment dans le haut niveau.Emotions are identified as one of the main factors that can influence sports performance, either positively or negatively. It was noted that high-risk environments would provide benefits of emotion regulation and thus an experience of anxiety control in alexithymic athletes. Alexithymia is characterized by a deficit in the recognition or verbalization of emotions, a speech essentially oriented towards concrete concerns, even factual, and a fantastical life particularly poor. This thesis study aims to analyse the personality trait alexithymia as a potential psychic factor facilitating sports performance. Indeed, the similarities between the stressful nature of the competitive environment and high-risk environments allow the hypothesis that the competitive environment attracts alexithymic individuals. A systematic review allows, initially, to make an inventory of alexithymia in sports environment. Next, we assess the occurrence of alexithymia in a student population and see if sport is particularly associated with alexithymia. A final study allows the evaluation of the link between anxiety and alexithymia in different types of sports, excluding risk environment, as well as the study of the relationship between the prevalence of alexithymia and the characteristics of sports practice (amount of training, level of practice : leisure/competition). The results of this research, allow us to pave the way for future research on alexithymia in sport and highlight the importance of psychological follow-up on the ground, in collaboration with the staff that surrounds these alexithymic athletes, especially at the high level
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Etude des mécanismes physiopathologiques impliqués dans les apnées centrales du sommeil associées à l'insuffisance cardiaque chronique : données expérimentales animales et applications à l'Homme
No full textDuring sleep, control of breathing is greatly influenced by metabolic information. Whether this chemical control of ventilation is involved in the genesis of central sleep apneas with CheyneStokes respiration in severe congestive heart patients is unknown and the subject of our work. It includes three series of experiments in animal models to clarify the mechanisms involved in the hypocapnia-induced apneas, the anatomical structures mediating such a ventilatory response and the specific effects of heart failure on the control of breathing, leading to an increased susceptibility to central apneas. More specifically a sleeping dog model was used, allowing the study of periodic breathing induced by a transient hyperventilation, with and without any acute pulmonary vascular congestion. We were interested in conditions capable of changing the apneic threshold defined as the arterial or end-expiratory partial carbon dioxide pressure below which ventilation ceases. Two mechanisms possibly involved in human pathology were investigated : 1- changes in the activity of the peripheral chemoreceptors 2- pulmonary vascular congestion. Whereas the arterial chemoreceptors are involved in the genesis of hypocapnia-induced apneas and the cardio-respiratory structures activated by a pulmonary edema facilitate the occurrence of central apneas, these mechanisms were not able to fully explain the description of the Cheyne-Stokes respiration in Humans. The relevance of these results must be evaluated in Human and the role played by the non-chemical information of the control of breathing in the genesis of central apneas must be more precisely studied.La régulation chimique de la ventilation joue un rôle important durant le sommeil. Son implication possible dans la survenue d'apnées centrales du sommeil associées à la respiration périodique de Cheyne-Stokes dans l'insuffisance cardiaque sévère est l'objet de ce travail. Il comporte trois études expérimentales chez l'animal pour préciser comment une hypocapnie peut engendrer des apnées centrales, les structures anatomiques mises en jeu et les mécanismes physiopathologiques responsables d'une facilitation des apnées centrales en cas d'insuffisance cardiaque. Une préparation canine non anesthésiée, reproduisant une ventilation périodique par hyperventilation transitoire durant le sommeil a plus particulièrement été étudiée. Nous nous sommes intéressés aux conditions pouvant entraîner une modification du seuil d'apnée : pression partielle de CO2 au dessous de laquelle la ventilation s'arrête. Deux mécanismes, possiblement mis en jeu en pathologie humaine et aboutissant à une plus grande susceptibilité aux apnées centrales ont été étudiés: 1-la modification de l'activité des chémorécepteurs artériels 2- la congestion vasculaire pulmonaire. Si les chémorécepteurs artériels sont particulièrement impliqués la genèse des apnées centrales induites par l'hypocapnie et les structures cardio-respiratoires mises en jeu lors d'un d?ème pulmonaire peuvent favoriser la constitution d'une respiration périodique chez le chien, ils ne peuvent tout expliquer. La pertinence de ces résultats doit être évaluée chez l'Homme et l'implication d'informations non chimiosensibles dans la survenue d'apnées centrales du sommeil reste à étudier
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