1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Prédire et améliorer la performance humaine lors de tâches complexes
No full textLa capacité à effectuer des tâches complexes est emblématique du comportement humain. Elle est essentielle dans de nombreux aspects de la vie quotidienne, ce qui est particulièrement vrai dans les contextes où la sécurité des personnes dépend de cette capacité (par exemple, les pilotes de ligne) ou pour les personnes souffrant de troubles cognitifs. L'objectif de cette thèse était double : (1) développer des outils pour prédire la performance des tâches complexes chez les personnes en bonne santé à partir de données neurophysiologiques ; et (2) développer des protocoles pour améliorer la performance des tâches complexes chez les personnes en bonne santé ou les tâches de la vie quotidienne chez les patients atteints de lésions cérébrales.Pour atteindre ces objectifs, nous avons d'abord sélectionné une tâche qualifiée de complexe (Space Fortress) car elle était décrite comme impliquant des fonctions cognitives de haut niveau telles que les fonctions exécutives. Nous avons démontré que cette tâche possède de solides qualités psychométriques, étant hautement sensible, fiable et valide, ce qui en fait une tâche appropriée reposant sur les fonctions exécutives globales.Le premier axe de recherche de cette thèse a porté sur la prédiction de la performance à cette tâche à partir de mesures neurophysiologiques. En utilisant deux techniques différentes de neuroimagerie (spectroscopie fonctionnelle dans le proche infrarouge et électroencéphalographie), nous avons pu démontrer que l'activité cérébrale intrinsèque (c'est-à-dire à l'état de repos) du réseau fronto-pariétal pouvait prédire une partie de la performance globale à cette tâche. Une perspective majeure de ce travail est qu'il pourrait exister des marqueurs neuronaux intrinsèques de tâches plus complexes (par exemple, piloter un avion ou conduire). Dans le contexte de la neuroergonomie, de tels marqueurs pourraient être utilisés soit comme un outil prédictif à des fins de sélection, soit comme une opportunité d'élaborer un entraînement cognitif individualisé.Un deuxième axe de recherche de cette thèse s'est focalisé sur l'amélioration des performances par l'utilisation de la stimulation cérébrale non invasive couplée à un entraînement cognitif. Nos résultats montrent qu'un certain type de montage (stimulation transcrânienne haute définition à bruit aléatoire) favoriserait non pas la vitesse d'apprentissage, mais le maintien des performances à long terme. Des résultats similaires, qui restent à confirmer, ont été obtenus chez des patients dysexécutifs atteints de lésions cérébrales, avec une amélioration des performances dans certaines de leurs tâches quotidiennes (par exemple, planifier des courses, gérer une boîte mail, préparer une recette).Les résultats obtenus au cours de cette thèse pourraient conduire au développement de nouveaux programmes d'entraînement cognitif ciblé. De tels programmes pourraient permettre d'améliorer la qualité de l'entraînement et de la prise en charge de certaines personnes, qu'elles soient en bonne santé, confrontées à des situations complexes ou atteintes de lésions cérébrales, confrontées à des défis quotidiens.The ability to perform complex tasks is emblematic of human behavior. It is essential in many aspects of daily life, which is particularly true in contexts where the safety of people depends on this ability (e.g. airline pilots) or for people with cognitive impairments. The objective of this thesis was twofold: (1) to develop tools for predicting complex task performance in healthy people based on neurophysiological data; and (2) to develop protocols to improve complex task performance in healthy people or daily-living task in brain-damaged patients.To achieve these objectives, we first selected a task qualified as complex (Space Fortress) because it was described as involving high-level cognitive functions such as executive functions. We demonstrated that this task has solid psychometric qualities, being highly sensitive, reliable and valid, making it a suitable task that rely on global executive functions.The first research axis focused on the prediction of performance on this task from neurophysiological measures. Using two different neuroimaging techniques (functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography), we were able to demonstrate that the intrinsic (i.e. resting-state) brain activity of the fronto-parietal network could predict a part of the overall performance on this task. A major perspective of this work is that there may be intrinsic neural markers of more complex tasks (e.g. flying a plane or driving). In the context of neuroergonomics, such markers could be used either as a predictive tool for selection purposes or as an opportunity to elaborate individualized cognitive training.A second line of research focused on improving performance with the use of non-invasive brain stimulation coupled with cognitive training. Our results show that a certain type of montage (high-definition transcranial random noise stimulation) would promote not the speed of learning, but the maintenance of long-term performance. Similar results, which remain to be confirmed, have been obtained in dysexecutive brain-damaged patients, with an improvement of performance in some of their daily tasks (e.g. planning errands, managing an email box, cooking a recipe).The results obtained during this thesis could lead to the development of new targeted cognitive training programs. Such programs could allow the improvement of the quality of training and care of certain people, whether they are healthy, facing complex situations, or brain-damaged, facing daily challenges
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