6,639 research outputs found
TACC3-ch-TOG track the growing tips of microtubules independently of clathrin and Aurora-A phosphorylation
No full textThe interaction between TACC3 (transforming acidic coiled coil protein 3) and the microtubule polymerase ch-TOG (colonic, hepatic tumor overexpressed gene) is evolutionarily conserved. Loading of TACC3–ch-TOG onto spindle microtubules requires the phosphorylation of TACC3 by Aurora-A kinase and the subsequent interaction of TACC3 with clathrin to form a microtubule binding surface. Whether there is a pool of TACC3–ch-TOG that is independent of clathrin in human cells, and what is the function of this pool, are open questions. Here, we report that TACC3 is recruited to the plus-ends of microtubules by its association with ch-TOG and that this pool is independent of phosphorylation and binding to clathrin. The plus-end binding of TACC3–ch-TOG persists in interphase and we propose that one cellular function of TACC3–ch-TOG is to modulate cell migration. We also describe the distinct subcellular pools of TACC3, ch-TOG and clathrin. TACC3 is often described as a centrosomal protein, but we show that there is no significant population of TACC3 at centrosomes. The delineation of distinct protein pools reveals a simplified view of how these proteins are organized and controlled by post-translational modification
Mathematical Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Array Configurations with Partial Shaded Modules
No full textSolar-based photovoltaic (SPV) cells produce power from sunlight through the photovoltaic effect. The yield voltage of a single PV cell is small, so the voltage is extended by interfacing PV cells in series arrangement known as PV module or panel. Solar PV array comprises of series and parallel connections of modules in the grid structure with a few columns and rows. The various kinds of SPV array configurations or topologies are shaped by changing the number of electrical connections between module to module in an array. This paper presents the mathematical examination of 6×6 size regular SPV array configurations, including Total-Cross-Tied, Parallel, Honey-Comb, Series-Parallel, Series, Bridge-Linked types beneath un-shading case, and different proposed shading cases (primarily short narrow, short wide, long narrow, and long wide shadings). The electrical proportionate circuit of the SPV array setups was analyzed by Kirchhoff’s laws at distinctive nodes and loops in a sun powered PV array. The location of global maximum power point (GMPP) was determined hypothetically and distinguished in Matlab/simulation software at various shading conditions.Citation: Raju, V.B., and Chengaiah, C. (2020). Mathematical Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Array Configurations with Partial Shaded Modules. Trends in Renewable Energy, 6, 121-143. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2020.6.2.0011
A Comprehensive Study on Re-arrangement of Modules Based TCT Configurations of Partial Shaded PV Array with Shade Dispersion Method
No full textThe conventional Total-Cross-Tied (TCT) Solar photovoltaic (SPV) array configuration has the highest power output as compared to other configurations or topologies in most cases of partial shading. But the performance of TCT configuration is affected under shading conditions, resulting in multiple peaks occurring in the output PV characteristics. To improve the performance of TCT array configuration under different shading scenarios, it is only necessary to reposition or rearrange the PV modules in the TCT Solar PV array based on the arrangement of puzzle numbers, without altering the electrical contacts of the TCT array configuration. The main objective of this study is to investigate the performance of rearrangement of modules in SPV array based new TCT array configurations with shade dispersion technique and compare the global maximum peak power (GMPP) of SPV array, mismatch losses, Fill-Factor, efficiency and number of required electrical connections or ties between array modules with proposed optimal arrangement of modules under shading (non-uniform irradiance) conditions. For this study, one uniform irradiance case and total 14 partial shading patterns were considered. MATLAB/Simulink software was used for modeling and simulation of 6×6 size different rearrangement based TCT array and proposed optimal SPV array configurations.Citation: BALARAJU, V., and Chengaiah, C. (2020). A Comprehensive Study on Re-arrangement of Modules Based TCT Configurations of Partial Shaded PV Array with Shade Dispersion Method. Trends in Renewable Energy, 6, 37-60. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2020.6.1.0011
Evaluation of PV-based Buck-Boost and SEPIC Converters for EV Charging Applications
No full textIn recent decades, environmental issues have become an area of greatest concern due to changes in global climate conditions. The transportation sector is a major contributor to carbon dioxide emissions, accounting for more than 22.9% of total carbon dioxide emissions. At present, most vehicles run on gasoline/diesel as fuel which is unsustainable and unviable as fossil fuels produce carbon emissions and fuel costs are rising. To address these issues, electric vehicles (EVs) offer an attractive solution as alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles that use electricity as an energy source. It is logical to use renewable energy to charge vehicles, which makes renewable energy an end-to-end clean energy source. In electric vehicles, energy conversion plays an important role. In the energy conversion process, alternating current (AC) can be converted to direct current (DC), or direct current can be converted to alternating current. In EV fast charging applications, DC-to-DC conversion is used, which requires DC-to-DC converters. In this paper, a detailed evaluation of the Buck-Boost and Single-Ended Primary Inductance Converters (SEPIC) with PV as input is analyzed for EV charging applications to make it end-to-end clean energy. For this purpose, a 5-by-5 PV system with a Buck-Boost, SEPIC converters with particle swarm optimization technique is considered, which is simulated in a MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The simulation results showed that the ripples in output are minimal in SEPIC which supports the smooth and efficient charging of EV battery. Citation: K, J., & Chengaiah, C. (2024). Evaluation of PV-based Buck-Boost and SEPIC Converters for EV Charging Applications. Trends in Renewable Energy, 10(2), 159-169. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.17737/tre.2024.10.2.0016
Modeling and Performance Investigations of Partially Shaded Solar PV Arrays with Cell Partition Technique based Modules
No full textSolar photovoltaic (PV) modules consist of solar cells connected in series to provide the required output power. The solar PV system is experiencing major challenges, which are mainly due to the partial shadows on the photovoltaic modules leading to mismatching power loss and hot spot problems. Hotspots have become a major cause of PV module failure. The Cell Partition Technique (CPT) is proposed to reduce hotspots and minimize mismatch losses caused by partial shadings. Specifically, each solar PV cell (Full cell) in a solar PV module is divided or partitioned into two half cells (known as Half-Cut Cells or HC) and three equal cells (known as Tri-Cut Cells or TC) in accordance with the proposed technique. The HC and TC types of cells are connected in a strings of series-parallel connection, and bypass diode is placed in middle of the solar PV module to ensure proper operation. The primary aim of this research is to model, evaluate, and investigate the performance of solar PV arrays using new PV modules are developed based on Cell Partition Technique (PVM-CPT), such as half-cut cell modules (HCM), and tri-cut cell modules (TCM) and compared with full-sized cell modules (FCM). These PVM-CPT are connected in Series–Parallel (SP), Total-Cross-Tied (TCT), and proposed static shade dispersion based TCT reconfiguration (SD-TCTR) for the array sizes of 3x4, 4x3 and 4x4, respectively. The purpose is to select the most appropriate solar PV array configurations in terms of the highest global maximum power and thus the lowest mismatch power losses under short and narrow, short and wide, long and narrow, long and wide type of cell level partial shadings. The Matlab/Simulink software is used to simulate and analyze all of the shading cases. The results show that, when compared to conventional module configurations under different shading conditions, the proposed static SD-TCTR arrangement with TC modules (SDTCTR-TCM) exhibits the lowest mismatch power losses and the greatest improvement in array power. Corrigendum to "Modeling and Performance Investigations of Partially Shaded Solar PV Arrays with Cell Partition Technique based Modules" is published on 01/12/2022. Citation: BALARAJU, V., and Chengaiah, C. (2022). Modeling and Performance Investigations of Partially Shaded Solar PV Arrays with Cell Partition Technique based Modules. Trends in Renewable Energy, 8, 1-26. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2022.8.1.0013
Enhance the Output Power of a Shaded Solar Photovoltaic Arrays with Shade Dispersion based TCT Configuration
No full textPartial shading has a negative impact on the performance parameters of a Solar Photovoltaic (PV) array, because it shades certain panels while leaving others un-shaded. This article focuses on modeling, comparing and performance assessment of 6×6, 6×5 and 5×6 size shadowed solar PV arrays under different partial shading cases in the MATLAB/ Simulink software. For this purpose, the simulation of series-parallel (SP), Total-Cross-Tied (TCT) and proposed shade dispersion based TCT (SD-TCT) type of array configurations was carried out under few shading cases. The proposed SD-TCT was designed using the shades dispersion technique, which is based on a number logic approach. In this technique, in order to effectively remove the row-current mismatches in the TCT PV array configuration, the shaded and un-shaded modules in an array were re-arranged, so that the shading on modules expands across the whole array. The physical placement of the TCT array modules has been reordered in accordance with the proposed number logic pattern exclusive of altering the electrical links among the panels. The simulation results showed that the performance of the SD-TCT type was superior to that of conventional array configurations.Citation: Bala Raju, V., and Chengaiah, C. (2021). Enhance the Output Power of a Shaded Solar Photovoltaic Arrays with Shade Dispersion based TCT Configuration. Trends in Renewable Energy, 7, 1-23. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2021.7.1.0012
Modelling and Simulation of Hybrid Transformer Less Grid-tied Inverters for Dye Sensitized Photovoltaic System
No full textAbstractDye-sensitized solar cells affords a technically and economically trustworthy alternative for p –n junction photovoltaic devices which made by silicon. In divergence to the conventional photovoltaic device the task of light absorption and charge carrier transport separately functioned. Photons absorbed by a sensitizer, which is moored to the surface of a wide band semiconductor. Charge separation occurs at the interface via photo-induced electron injection from the dye into the conduction band of the solid. Charge collector collects the carriers are from the conduction band of the semiconductor. Because of broad absorption band of sensitizers it permits to yield a large fraction of sunlight. The conversion of incident photons into electric current is attained over a large spectral range from the UV region to the near IR region. Power electronics, the technology of efficiently processing electric power, plays an essential part in the integration of the dispersed generation units for good efficiency and high performance of the power system. Due to the characteristics of low cost and high efficiency, the transformer less photo voltaic grid- connected inverters have been popularized in the application of solar electric generation system in the residential market. Unfortunately, the leakage currents through the stray capacitors between the PV array and the ground are harmful. This paper presents modelling and simulation of dye sensitized solar system with hybrid transformer less inverter topologies and proved that H6 topology by using neutral point clamped (NPC)method for suppressing of leakage currents and to obtain excellent common mode voltages are the best compared to other topologies
Eradicating Poverty in India by Sun using Dye Sensitized Photovoltaic Technology
No full textAlmost all 1.6 billion people in developing countries have no access to electricity; approximately 85% of the people live in rural areas. Poor people and people in marginal areas, presently depend on natural resources such as wood, charcoal, dung etc. to provide energy for cooking and heating. By 2030, in this category is expected to rise from 2.4 to 2.6 billion people. The result will be greater local competition for traditional energy. So, the rural development can be achieved by promoting locally available renewable energy to meet the basic electricity needs. Decentralised production units are appropriate wherever locally renewable sources of energy are available. Efficient use of traditional and commercial fuels. The main focus of this paper is to present the energy management techniques and different applications of solar energy utilization for the rural people in India to eradicate the poverty in addition to this the role of youth, educationalists, researchers, scientists, politicians and bureaucrats etc. to eradicating poverty in the nation
Mathematical Evaluation of Solar PV Array with T-C-T Topology Under Different Shading Patterns
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