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Splitting Cause of Action
No full text一部請求之主要爭論在於餘額請求之許可性，此涉及一部請求之訴訟標的、既判力客觀範圍等基本問題。我國於1999年、2000年、2003年大幅修正民事訴訟法後（下稱「民訴法」），已發展出一套台灣本土化之民訴法學，就訴訟審理之對象及程序結構，已重組向來所採處分權主義與辯論主義所含內容、命題，且就審理方式及程序形成，亦改採集中審理主義及適時提出主義。與訴訟標的有關之條文或制度修正，允許原告以原因事實特定訴訟標的，放寬訴之追加、變更等規定，加重法官之闡明義務等，貫徹防止突襲之要求及程序保障之要求。既判力客觀範圍之劃定，亦以「賦予當事人程序保障、避免突襲性裁判」作為其正當化基礎；判決理由中判斷具有拘束力或爭點效之前提要件，係以該判斷不致對當事人發生突襲，作為承認之前提。一部請求在我國法上應如何解釋及處理，自應符合我國民訴法之旨趣，本文透過以日本法為中心之比較法研究，進一步省思在我國應如何處理一部請求之相關問題。 本文共計六章。第一章提出研究之問題意識。第二章說明一部請求之類型與一部請求之許可性。其中第一節介紹一部請求之類型與原告為一部請求之利益與動機，並承認原告有一部請求之利益；第二節為一部請求之許可性，基於處分權主義而承認其合法性，惟須透過法院之闡明，盡量使原告於一部請求訴訟中追加餘額請求，並盡量使被告於一部請求訴訟中提起反訴，以促成紛爭一次解決。然而，於原告濫用訴權或違反民訴法第436-16條之規定時，則不容許其為一部訴求。 第三章討論一部請求之訴訟標的及其相關問題。其中第一節闡述我國現行民訴法採取訴訟標的相對論之法理，「求裁判之訴訟標的」須依原告聲明之內容予以劃定，因此應以「原告所聲明之數額」作為一部請求之訴訟標的，優先考量原告之程序處分權，再藉由其他制度一併平衡兼顧被告之程序利益及公益層面之紛爭解決一次性與訴訟經濟等要求。第二節討論涉及一部請求訴訟標的之程序法與實體法之問題。程序法上，一部請求訴訟繫屬中更行起訴請求餘額是否違反重複起訴禁止原則，本文認為應區分前後訴有無共通爭點而無法獨自分離：若有共通爭點而無法獨立，法院應闡明使當事人追加或反訴，若法院已闡明，但原告或被告仍堅持另訴，應可裁定駁回後訴；若前、後訴係各自獨立之爭點時，雖更行起訴仍有訴之利益，但因前、後訴之基礎事實同一，法院仍應闡明原告於前訴追加，或合併辯論、裁判。至於原告於一部請求訴訟繫屬中增加請求餘額部分，可適用民訴法第255條第1項第2款或第3款為訴之追加，此時不僅有訴之聲明之變動，亦有訴訟標的之變動。實體法上，一部訴求中斷時效之範圍，無須與訴訟標的、既判力範圍為相同認定，除有原告明示放棄餘額之特別情事外，通常可認為原告為達成其最終法律上可救濟之利益，應會再訴餘額部分，故餘額部分亦可為時效中斷範圍所及。 第四章分為二節。第一節說明一部請求之既判力客觀範圍，承接前開本文已確立一部請求之訴訟標的為原告所聲明之數額（一部債權），依民訴法第400條第1項，既判力原則上應及於該訴訟標的之部分，亦即原告聲明之「一部」，而不及於餘額部分。第二節討論一部請求與過失相抵、抵銷抗辯。過失相抵作為對於原告債權之減額事由，應優先自何部分予以扣除，本文認為應採外側說，優先自餘額部分扣除；至於被告主張抵銷抗辯之情形，本文承認抵銷考慮型之一部請求，為擴大紛爭一次解決之機能，亦應採外側說。而一部請求抵銷之既判力範圍，依民訴法第400條第2項，其成立與否經裁判者有既判力，故抵銷原告訴求以外之餘額部分亦有既判力，此時一部請求之既判力客觀範圍即擴大。 第五章分為二節。第一節闡述餘額請求之許可性，雖然餘額部分並非一部請求既判力所及，但因一部請求有其特殊性，原告雖僅特定一部債權為訴訟標的，但前訴法院在審理時勢必會審理全部債權，鑒於法院之審理方式、兩造受有程序保障，法院對於餘額債權存否之判斷，即如同對訴訟標的之判斷，因此若前訴法院認定餘額債權不存在，並無使原告利用後訴之實益，依據類似既判力，或基於誠信原則，應不允許原告提起後訴。若前訴法院認定餘額債權存在，原則上容許原告之餘額訴求，但後訴法院仍須具體個案判斷原告有無失權之情事。第二節探究允許原告再訴請求餘額而進入本案審理後，前訴確定判決對後訴具有何拘束力，鑒於一部請求案例之特殊性，應有較爭點效更強之效力，可界定為類似既判力。最後，於第六章總結前述各章所涉爭議之結論
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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