1,721,090 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Inhibitors of Histone Deacetylase Down-regulate the Expression of Steroidogenic Factor 1 in Adrenocorticol Cells
No full text類固醇轉錄因子（Steroidogenic Factor1, SF-1）是孤核受體（orphan nuclear receptor）的一種，能調控許多類固醇生成酵素基因的表現，對腦下垂體、下視丘、腎上腺及性線的發育及分化非常重要。在小鼠與人的腎上腺皮質腫瘤細胞內（Y1 and H295 cells），使用組蛋白去乙醯基轉移酵素抑制劑 ，如Trichostatin A和Sodium butyrate，能增加Histone 4的乙醯化 (Acetylation)，卻減少SF-1與其下游膽固醇側鏈分切酵素（P450scc）的表現，這個抑制現象與劑量和作用時間成正比。報導基因表現分析的實驗中，TSA抑制了SF-1啟動子的活性；TSA能增加外源性SF-1蛋白質的表現，但減少內源性SF-1蛋白質的表現量。表示HDAC 抑制劑是透過SF-1啟動子來控制基因轉錄的表現。許多文獻指出，SF-1啟動子上面，具有一個重要的調控序列，E-box，與其結合的兩個主要蛋白質為上游刺激因子一及二 (Upstream Stimulatory Factor 1 and USF2)。膠體電泳位移分析 (EMSA) 結果表示，HDAC 抑制劑同時減少SF-1啟動子上調控單位（E box and CCAAT box）與其轉錄因子間的結合，也減少了USF1和USF2蛋白質的表現量。TSA抑制了P450scc及USF2的mRNA，但卻增加了USF1的mRNA；此結果與減少的USF1蛋白質相矛盾，故使用HDAC 抑制劑可能會影響特定蛋白質的穩定性並加速其降解。The orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1, A4BP, or NR5A1) is a key transcription factor that regulates the expression of many steroidogenic enzymes. It has also been demonstrated to play an important role in the development and differentiation of hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal glands, and gonads. Being such an important factor, the regulation of SF-1 expression is highly investigated. We used inhibitors of histone deacetylases which generally activate gene expression and used as anticancer drugs such as trichostatin A and sodium butyrate. Histone deacetylase inhibitors although increased the acetylation of Histone 4, reduced the protein content of SF1 and cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme, a SF-1 controlled gene, in a dose and time-dependent manner in adrenocorticol cells, Y1 and H295 cells. In a reporter assay, TSA reduced the SF-1 promoter activity. In Y1 stable clone, which expresses SF-1-HA driven by CMV promoter, TSA increased exogenous SF-1-HA protein, however, reduced endogenous SF-1 protein. Both results indicate that SF-1 is transcriptionally down-regulated by these inhibitors. TSA reduced binding of E-box and CCAAT box binding factor to SF-1 promoter in Electorphoretic Mobility Shift Assay. The E-box binding proteins, USF1 (upstream stimulatory factor 1) and USF2 were down-regulated by TSA as well as SF-1. These results suggest that TSA-inhibited expression of SF-1 may provide insight to uncover the regulatory mechanism of SF-1 gene. Interesting, we found that TSA treatment increases mRNA of SCC and USF2 but reduces USF1 mRNA in Quantitative-Real-Time PCR. Increased USF1 mRNA and reduced USF1 protein content after TSA treatment provides a new association of protein stability and acetylation.Table of Contents
Abbreviation 1
Abstract in Chinese 2
Abstract 3
Introduction 4
I、Steroid hormones 4
Classes & Functions 4
CYP11A1 (P450scc) 4
II、Steroidogenic Factor 1 5
Characterization 5
Structure 5
Regulation 6
III、Transcriptional regulation 7
Chromatin structure & Histone modification 7
Acetylation & Histone acetyltransferase 8
Dacetylation & Histone deacetylase 9
IV、HDAC inhibitors 9
Trichostatin A 10
Sodium Butyrate 10
V、HDAC inhibitors down regulate gene expression 10
VI、HDAC inhibitors inhibit SF-1 expression 10
In a dose- and time-dependent manner 11
Reduces SF-1-BS, E-box and CCAAT box binding 11
Reduces binding of USF1 and USF2 to E-box 12
Aim 13
Material and Methods 14
Cell culture and transfection 14
Plasmids construction 14
Western Blot analysis 15
Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) 15
Real-Time PCR 16
Administration of Trichostatin A and Sodium Butyrate 16
Results 18
I. HDAC inhibitors reduce SF-1 expression through SF-1 promoter region 18
II. TSA reduces SCC and USF2 mRNA but increases USF1 mRNA level 18
III. HDAC inhibitor decreases USF1 protein stability 19
IV. HDAC inhibitor effects in steroidogenesis in mice 19
Discussions 20
I. USF1 and USF2 have different response to TSA 20
The regulation of mRNA expression 20
The regulation of protein content 21
II. HDAC inhibitor effects in vivo 23
References 25
Table and Figures 3
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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