1,720,976 research outputs found
Examining Taiwan's Foreign Aid Policy through a Gender Mainstreaming Perspective
No full text隨著冷戰終結及全球化下人類安全議題的興起，當前大部分的民主國家在進行對外援助時，已不再只以傳統的現實外交利益為依歸，而是開始從「以人為本」的角度出發，將基本人權價值之傳佈與分享視為重要考量；做為人類發展不可或缺的一部分，「性別平權」與發展援助議程之整合也已逐漸在國際間形成重要共識，而自1995年《北京行動綱領》提出後，「性別主流化」更成為實現性別平等最重要的全球性策略，為各國政府與發展援助機構所普遍採行。
我國雖非聯合國會員國，但在民間婦運團體之敦促與政府的推動下，性別主流化已陸續在國內各政策部門中獲得具體落實；此外為配合「活路外交」的政策方針，我國政府亦自2009年起展開援外事務之轉型與改革，宣示將跳脫「金錢外交」迷思，積極與國際援外潮流接軌。在既有國際趨勢影響、又有國內政策目標推動的情況下，我國援外政策是否具備足夠的性別平權意識，便成為一個值得檢視的問題；而本研究之宗旨，即在於以性別主流化之觀點檢視我國援外政策，並以國合會的兩項發展援助計畫為例，探究我國政府是否能夠將其所標舉的性別平權價值由內政延伸到外交層次，進而透過援外工作來實踐之。
本研究經實地訪談發現，我國援外政策近年來已在計畫管理層次取得相當程度的推展。惟可惜的是，外交部與國合會對於「發展」的認知，迄今似仍停留在「維持邦交」與「追求總體經濟成長」之思維；而由於政府未能體認到人權價值與永續發展之間的不可分割性，我國現階段的援外政策似乎既不與國際性別平權趨勢連結、亦尚未進入國內的性別主流化議程。做為負責任的國際社會成員，我國在推動援外時若能呼應國際間的多元治理脈動，嘗試透過跨國網絡之串連來實現對受援國人民基本人權的關懷，相信將能使我國援外工作之執行更為有效，且更能發揮包括性別平等在內的人權價值意涵，最終使具體的個人獲得發展。With the rise of human security concept in the post-Cold War era, the “People-Centered” approach to development has been widely recognized by the international community. For most donor states today, the priority of foreign aid is to promote human rights alongside pursue their own diplomatic and political interests. Meanwhile, there has been an emerging consensus that “gender equality”, as an essential part of human development, must be seriously considered and integrated into any foreign aid agenda. After the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, 1995, “Gender Mainstreaming” has been endorsed by governments and institutions as the most important global strategy for improving gender equality.
Although not a member of the United Nations, Taiwan continues to make efforts toward achieving gender equality by adopting mainstreaming strategies. Furthermore, under its “Flexible Diplomacy” policy, Taiwan government has also promised to stop “Checkbook Diplomacy” and has started to adjust its foreign aid initiatives. With clear trends toward gender equality both domestically and internationally, to what extend has Taiwan’s foreign aid policy been engendered is now worth discussing. This research thus aims to examine Taiwan’s foreign aid policy through a gender mainstreaming perspective. Based on case studies of two ICDF projects, this research attempts to distinguish whether or not “gender equality”, which has been strongly emphasized by Taiwan government as an important domestic policy goal, has truly been considered on the foreign aid agenda.
This research finds that Taiwan’s foreign aid policy has improved in terms of project management. However, the government remains unaware of the indivisible link between human rights and sustainable development and still holds a rather narrow definition of “development” focusing exclusively on economic growth. As a result, it seems that gender equality in Taiwan’s foreign aid policy is neither in accordance with the international expectations nor integrated into its own domestic agenda. This research suggests that in order to become a responsible stakeholder in the international community, Taiwan must play a more active role in promoting human development by conforming to the global trends in foreign assistance. A multi-level governance model should be applied not only to increase the effectiveness of Taiwan’s foreign aid, but to ensure that people in the recipient countries can fully enjoy his or her fundamental rights to development and equality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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