79 research outputs found
AI Nüshu: An Exploration of Language Emergence in Sisterhood Through the Lens of Computational Linguistics
No full textThis paper presents "AI Nüshu,"an emerging language system inspired by Nüshu (women's scripts), the unique language created and used exclusively by ancient Chinese women who were thought to be illiterate under a patriarchal society. In this interactive installation, two artificial intelligence (AI) agents are trained in the Chinese dictionary and the Nüshu corpus. By continually observing their environment and communicating, these agents collaborate towards creating a standard writing system to encode Chinese. It offers an artistic interpretation of the creation of a non-western script from a computational linguistics perspective, integrating AI technology with Chinese cultural heritage and a feminist viewpoint.</p
Vem eller vad är verkligen avgörande? : En intressentanalys för utveckling av studentbostäder på Campus KTH.
No full textThere are diverse participants in the student housing development in campus KTH, in which everyone plays a role and has his own claim and influence. The stakeholder theory provides a pluralistic perspective and various analyzing techniques to get a better understanding of the question “who or what really matters” in the student housing development process. The aim of this paper is to conduct an empirical stakeholder analysis for the student accommodation projects in campus KTH. The research work is done using stakeholder definitions and analysis techniques derived from relevant literature, based on the stakeholder data gained directly and indirectly form interview informants and open sources. In the analysis, the author firstly attempts to identify—and map out—the student housing project’s stakeholders and their “stake”, influence and claims. The prioritizing of stakeholders is then studied based on the stakeholder information aforementioned, using Mitchell etc’s (1997) salience class model. The interactions between multi-stakeholders are also revealed to interpret their joint influence on various development activities. Finally, a framework of engagement strategies towards individual stakeholders in different stages is formed by the author, aiming to provide implications for the stakeholder management of the student housing projects. The conclusion of this study summarizes the main findings of the stakeholder analysis. Considering subjectivity is the most noticeable limitation in this study, it is suggested that future studies focus more on the relatively objective evaluation of importance of stakeholders. Questionnaire may be a feasible method to gather reliable information and stakeholder analysis techniques derived from the literature can provide guidance to decrease bias in stakeholder evaluation and analysisDet finns flera olika deltagare för utvecklingen av studentbostäder på campus KTH, där alla spelar en egen roll och har sina egna krav och inflytande. Intressentteorin tillhandahåller ett pluralistiskt perspektiv och diverse analystekniker för att få en bättre förståelse i frågan "Vem eller vad är verkligen avgörande" i utvecklingsprocessen för studentbostäder. Syftet med denna uppsats är att genomföra en empirisk intressentanalys för studentboende projekten på campus KTH. Forskningsarbetet görs med hjälp av intressentanalysstekniker härledda från litteraturen, baserat på intressentdata som erhållits direkt och indirekt från intervjuinformanter och öppna källor. I analysen försöker författaren identifiera och kartlägga studentboende projektens intressenter och deras "stake", inflytande och påståenden. Prioritering av intressenter studeras sedan baserat på intressentinformationen ovan, med hjälp av Mitchell etcs (1997) salience-klassmodell. Samspelet mellan flera intressenter visas också på för att tolka deras gemensamma påverkan på olika utvecklingsaktiviteter. Slutligen bildas en ram av engagemangsstrategier mot enskilda intressenter i olika etapper av författaren, som syftar till att ge konsekvenser för intressenthanteringen av studentboende projekten. Slutsatsen av denna studie sammanfattar de viktigaste resultaten av intressentanalysen. Att ta hänsyn till subjektivitet är den mest märkbara begränsningen i denna studie, framtida studier föreslås fokuserar mer på den relativt objektiva utvärderingen av intressenternas betydelse. Frågeformuläret kan vara en genomförbar metod för att samla tillförlitlig information och intressentanalys tekniker som är erhållna från litteraturen kan ge vägledning för att minska partiskhet i bedömning och analys av intressenter
Students bullying behavior against K-12 teachers: A Meta Analysis
No full textThe current paper attempts to examine all types of student bullying behaviors targeted teachers in K-12 schools investigated in existing literature, including verbal (e.g., saying mean things and belittling), physical (e.g., shoving, pushing, and physical threatening), relational (e.g., spreading rumors, isolating, and undermining authority), sexual (e.g., sexually harassment, telling sexual jokes, and sexual assault), cyber (e.g., bullying behaviors conducted via online platforms, such as email, online communication app, and website), and discriminatory (e.g., discrimination against race, ethnicity, gender, and disability status) bullying behavior
Shenkang injection for the treatment of acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textObjective Shenkang injection (SKI) has been widely used in China for many years for the treatment of kidney disease. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of Shenkang injection for the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods A search was conducted across seven databases, encompassing data from the inception of each database through October 8th, 2023. Randomized controlled trials comparing SKI-treated AKI patients with control subjects were extracted. The main outcome measure was serum creatinine (SCr) levels. Secondary outcomes included blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum cystatin C (CysC), 24-h urine protein (24 h-Upro) levels, APACHE II score and adverse reactions.Results This meta-analysis included eleven studies, and the analysis indicated that, compared with the control group, SKI significantly decreased SCr [WMD = −23.31, 95% CI (-28.06, −18.57); p < 0.001]; BUN [WMD = −2.07, 95% CI (-2.56, −1.57); p < 0.001]; CysC [WMD = −0.55, 95% CI (-0.78, −0.32), p < 0.001]; 24-h urine protein [WMD = −0.43, 95% CI (-0.53, −0.34), p < 0.001]; and the APACHE II score [WMD = −3.07, 95% CI (-3.67, −2.48), p < 0.001]. There was no difference in adverse reactions between the SKI group and the control group [RR = 1.32, 95% CI (0.66, 2.63), p = 0.431].Conclusion The use of SKI in AKI patients may reduce SCr, BUN, CysC, 24-h Upro levels, and APACHE II scores in AKI patients. The incidence of adverse reactions did not differ from that in the control group. Additional rigorous clinical trials will be necessary in the future to thoroughly evaluate and establish the effectiveness of SKI in the treatment of AKI
Policy practice for narrowing urban–rural healthcare gaps: determinants and implementation path of the urban doctors servicing rural areas policy in Beijing, China
No full textBackgroundThe urban–rural disparities in healthcare resources and service quality remain a critical challenge for equitable public health development in China. To address this, Beijing has implemented the “Urban Doctors Serving Rural Areas (UDSR)” policy-a key counterpart support initiative. Its core goal is to bridge urban–rural healthcare gaps by mobilizing urban medical professionals to serve rural institutions.MethodsGrounded in Van Meter and Van Horn’s policy implementation framework, this study employs fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). It examines 39 annual observations from 13 paired urban–rural hospitals in Beijing over 2017–2019. To capture temporal changes, the study applies time-series QCA techniques. It analyzes conditions including support project quantity, subsidy source diversification, prescription rights, professional matching, communication channels, and policy cognition, with rural medical technology improvement as the outcome variable.ResultsThree critical determinants of UDSR policy effectiveness are identified: the number of support projects, diversified subsidy sources, and prescription rights for urban doctors in rural institutions. Four implementation pathways are uncovered: (1) goal-and-cognition-driven, (2) professional-matching-driven, (3) external-funding-driven, and (4) comprehensive-factor-driven. Temporal analysis reveals two evolutionary paths: a dominant path achieved via integrating multiple factors, and a transitional path shifting from external funding reliance to professional alignment and goal cognition-reflecting adaptive maturation of the UDSR policy.ConclusionThis study advances understanding of counterpart support policy implementation by revealing synergistic combinations of influencing factors and dynamic evolutionary paths. The findings make two key contributions. Theoretically, they provide insights for policy implementation research in non-western contexts; practically, they offer guidance for optimizing urban–rural healthcare resource allocation and provide a framework for refining targeted support mechanisms in China and similar developing countries
Effects of Socioeconomic Status, Parent–Child Relationship, and Learning Motivation on Reading Ability
No full textAgainst the background of Chinese culture, we investigated the relationship between family socioeconomic status (SES) and children’s reading ability. Participants included 2294 middle-school students in grade 8. SES was measured by parents’ education level, parents’ occupational prestige, and family property, and children’s reading ability was estimated with item response theory. In addition, we adopted an 8-item parent–child relationship scale and a 22-item learning motivation scale that included four dimensions. We examined whether the parent–child relationship mediated the relationship between family SES and reading ability and whether this was moderated by learning motivation. The results indicated that the parent–child relationship played a mediating role in the relationship between SES and reading ability. This relationship was moderated by students’ learning motivation. The direct effects of SES on reading ability at high, medium, and low levels of learning motivation were 0.24, 0.32, and 0.40, respectively
Landslide Susceptibility Prediction Using Machine Learning Methods: A Case Study of Landslides in the Yinghu Lake Basin in Shaanxi
No full textLandslide susceptibility prediction (LSP) is the basis for risk management and plays an important role in social sustainability. However, the modeling process of LSP is constrained by various factors. This paper approaches the effect of landslide data integrity, machine-learning (ML) models, and non-landslide sample-selection methods on the accuracy of LSP, taking the Yinghu Lake Basin in Ankang City, Shaanxi Province, as an example. First, previous landslide inventory (totaling 46) and updated landslide inventory (totaling 46 + 176) were established through data collection, remote-sensing interpretation, and field investigation. With the slope unit as the mapping unit, twelve conditioning factors, including elevation, slope, aspect, topographic relief, elevation variation coefficient, slope structure, lithology, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), distance to road, distance to river, and rainfall were selected. Next, the initial landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) was obtained using the K-means algorithm, and non-landslide samples were determined using two methods: random selection and semi-supervised machine learning (SSML). Finally, the random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN) machine-learning methods were used for modeling. The research results showed the following: (1) The performance of supervised machine learning (SML) (RF, ANN) is generally superior to unsupervised machine learning (USML) (K-means). Specifically, RF in the SML model has the best prediction performance, followed by ANN. (2) The selection method of non-landslide samples has a significant impact on LSP, and the accuracy of the SSML-based non-landslide selection method is controlled by the ratio of the number of landslide samples to the number of mapping units. (3) The quantity of landslides has an impact on how reliably the results of LSM are obtained because fewer landslides result in a smaller sample size for LSM, which deviates from reality. Although the results in this dataset are satisfactory, the zoning results cannot reliably anticipate the recently added landslide data discovered by the interpretation of remote-sensing data and field research. We propose that the landslide inventory can be increased by remote sensing in order to achieve accurate and impartial LSM since the LSM of adequate landslide samples is more reasonable. The research results of this paper will provide a reference basis for uncertain analysis of LSP and regional landslide risk management
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