1,721,998 research outputs found
An intelligent recommender system for web resource discovery and selection
Full text linkThe Web is now evolving from information sharing to resource provisioning as the emerging Web services and Grid technologies are widely accepted and practiced. Soon the Web will be populated with abundant resources that can be accessed, shared and reused, which will inevitably lead to resource overflow. This chapter introduces a semantic-enabled, knowledge-based intelligent recommender system for Web resource discovery, selection and effective use. The system is based on a novel hybrid approach, which draws on the functionality of Semantic Web Services to represent, expose and discover available resources, and exploits domain knowledge to guide resource selection and use. We propose an integrated system architecture and describe the underpinning semantic- and knowledge-based recommending mechanisms. A number of technologies and tools are developed, and further applied to a real world application – the UK e-Science GEODISE project, to demonstrate the system’s applicability and benefits
Semantic Web Assisted Learning Experience Management – Architecture and Strategy for Collaborative Learning Experience Sharing
No full textWe propose in this paper a semantic web driven learning management architecture that supports collaborative learning, i.e., learning by reusing, sharing experience and building knowledge together within a particular domain. We address different phases of the development in line with the knowledge life cycle, from ontology building to learning experience management and reuse of semantics for social network analysis in learning. We also describe an Ontology-Driven WSDL-First (ODWF) hybrid implementation strategy to realize the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and exploit power of the semantic web technology. We give scenarios in which the system can be used to assist collaborative learning in different domains through learning experience sharing and knowledge construction
A Semantic Web Service Based Approach for Augmented Provenance
Full text linkProvenance is becoming increasingly important in service-oriented distributed computing environments in which services are dynamically discovered and composed into workflows for problem solving, and disbanded later. This paper proposes a semantic Web service (SWS) based approach to creating and exploiting rich provenance data - the so-called augmented provenance. Augmented provenance enhances conventional provenance data with extensive metadata and semantics, enabling large scale sharing and deep reuse. We present a general architecture for the approach and discuss mechanisms for modelling, capturing, recording and querying provenance data. The approach has been applied to a real world application in which tools and GUIs are developed to facilitate provenance management. Application experiences are discussed
Towards the semantic grid: putting knowledge to work in design optimisation
No full textModern computational Problem Solving Environments (PSEs) become more and more complex and knowledge intensive in terms of their integrated toolsets, in particular for engineering design search and optimization. Whether these toolsets can be assembled effectively to produce satisfactory results depends heavily on using the best domain practice and following decisions made by skilled engineers in practical situations. In this paper, a knowledge based approach is used to acquire this knowledge from existing sources and model it in a maintainable fashion. Ontologies are used to develop the conceptualization of a knowledge base. In order to reuse this
knowledge to provide guidance at knowledge intensive points, we propose a knowledge based advisor, which can give a context-aware critique to guide users through effective operations of building domain workflows. The concept of a state panel is proposed to collect system state information, which is then reasoned about together with various task models in the JESS (Java Expert System Shell) environment. Two reasoning strategies are designed for different advising styles. A
multilayer and client-server style architecture is proposed to illustrate how this advisor can be deployed to make available its knowledge advising service to a real workflow construction PSE in a maintainable fashion. Throughout we use the example of these knowledge services in the context of design optimization in engineering
On the use of semantic annotations for supporting provenance in grids
Full text linkThere has seen a strong demand for provenance in grid applications, which enables users to trace how a particular result has been arrived at by identifying the resources, configurations and execution settings. In this paper we analyses the requirements of provenance support and discusses the nature and characteristics of provenance data on the Grid. We define a new conception called augmented provenance that enhances conventional provenance data with extensive metadata and semantics. A hybrid approach is proposed for the creation and management of augmented provenance in which semantic annotation is used to generate semantic provenance data and the database management system is used for execution data management. The approach has been applied to a real world application, and tools and GUIs are developed to facilitate provenance management and exploitation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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