1,721,076 research outputs found
Introduction to extraction in food processing
No full textIntroduction to extraction in food processing
Lebovka N, Vorobiev E, Chemat F (eds): Enhancing Extraction Processes in the Food
Industry
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press (Taylor and Francis Group), 2012, pp 1-24,
ISBN 978-1-4398-4593-This chapter is strictly introductory. It aims to provide an overview of solvent extrac-tion technology in general, so that the reader can place in context the detailed topics in subsequent chapters. It contains essentially no new information, so the reader will look in vain for detailed references to most of the issues discussed. Much can be found in standard
Chemical engineering texts. Texts such as Rydberg et al. (2004) or the earlier Lo et al. (1983) handbook provide much depth about the technology, but nothing about its application
in food processing. Schügerl’s (1994) monograph has some very relevant material, although
its focus is definitely on biotechnology rather than food technology. A recent encyclopedic
review of food technology (Campbell-Platt 2009) devotes a scant two pages to the topic of solvent extraction
Introduction to extraction in food processing
No full textIntroduction to extraction in food processing
Lebovka N, Vorobiev E, Chemat F (eds): Enhancing Extraction Processes in the Food
Industry
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press (Taylor and Francis Group), 2012, pp 1-24,
ISBN 978-1-4398-4593-This chapter is strictly introductory. It aims to provide an overview of solvent extrac-tion technology in general, so that the reader can place in context the detailed topics in subsequent chapters. It contains essentially no new information, so the reader will look in vain for detailed references to most of the issues discussed. Much can be found in standard
Chemical engineering texts. Texts such as Rydberg et al. (2004) or the earlier Lo et al. (1983) handbook provide much depth about the technology, but nothing about its application
in food processing. Schügerl’s (1994) monograph has some very relevant material, although
its focus is definitely on biotechnology rather than food technology. A recent encyclopedic
review of food technology (Campbell-Platt 2009) devotes a scant two pages to the topic of solvent extraction
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Oleaster Oil Positively Modulates Plasma Lipids in Humans
No full textThe olive tree had been domesticated during the early Neolithic in the Near East, and more than 1000 different cultivars have been identified to date. However, examples of wild olive trees (Olea europaea oleaster) can still be found in the Mediterranean basin. Evidence of oleaster use for oil production can be found in historical and sacred texts, such as the Odyssey, the Holey Koran, and the Holey Bible. While the nutritional and healthful properties of olive oil are actively being explored, there are no data on the human actions of oleaster oil. Therefore, we investigated the effect of prolonged, i.e., 1 month, consumption of oleaster oil on the lipid profile of a 40 healthy Algerian subjects (aged 27.9 +/- 3.85 years), as compared to nonconsumers from the same area. Plasma urea, creatinine, and uric acid concentrations and glycemia did not significantly differ, at the end of the study, between controls and oleaster-oil-supplemented subjects. Conversely, we recorded significant decreases of plasma triglyceride concentration (-24.8%; p < 0.05), total cholesterol (-12.13%; p < 0.05), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (-24.39%; p < 0.05) in oleaster-oil-treated subjects. Concomitantly, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations were significantly increased (17.94%; p < 0.05) by oleaster oil administration. In conclusion, we show that oil obtained from feral olive trees, i.e., oleasters, improves the plasma lipid profile of healthy volunteers
Omega-3 Extraction from Anchovy Fillet Leftovers with Limonene: Chemical, Economic, and Technical Aspects
Full text linkWe investigate selected chemical, technical, and economic aspects of the production of fish oil rich in polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids from anchovy filleting leftovers using d-limonene as the extraction solvent at ambient temperature and pressure. Entirely derived from the orange peel prior to orange squeezing for juice production, the bio-based solvent is easily recovered, affording a circular economy process with significant potential for practical applications
Ultrasound and deep eutectic solvents: An efficient combination to tune the mechanism of steviol glycosides extraction
Full text linkUltrasound-assisted extraction is widely recognized as an eco-friendly technique due to low solvent consumption and time extraction as well as enhanced extraction efficiency with respect to conventional methods. Nevertheless, it would be convenient to avoid the usually used organic solvents to reduce the environment pollution. In this regard, Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) represent nowadays a green and sustainable alternative for the extraction of bioactive compounds from natural sources. In this study, an efficient extraction of stevioside and rebaudioside A from Stevia rebaudiana coupling ultrasound with DES was developed. A solvent screening was performed using the predictive approach COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Real Solvent (COSMO-RS). The effect of three independent variables, namely % of water, temperature, and sonication amplitude, were investigated by the response surface methodology (RSM). Comparing ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with conventional extraction, it has been demonstrated that the amount of steviol glycosides through UAE is almost three times higher than that obtained by the conventional method. Possible physicochemical factors involved in the UAE mechanism were discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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