37 research outputs found
Représentations stéréotypées de la femme célibataire chez Leïla Marouane et Kaouther Adimi
No full textIn this paper, the author analyzes the stereotypical representations of single woman from two French-language Algerian novels: Les Pierres dans ma poche by Kaouther Adimi and La fille de la Casbah by Leïla Marouane. By using different literary techniques, the chosen writers formulate a severe criticism of contemporary Algerian society which, despite the hard-won liberties of the second sex, maintains the status quo by enclosing women in stereotypical social roles and by stigmatizing those who do not do not conform to societal standards.In this paper, the author analyzes the stereotypical representations of single woman from two French-language Algerian novels: Les Pierres dans ma poche by Kaouther Adimi and La fille de la Casbah by Leïla Marouane. By using different literary techniques, the chosen writers formulate a severe criticism of contemporary Algerian society which, despite the hard-won liberties of the second sex, maintains the status quo by enclosing women in stereotypical social roles and by stigmatizing those who do not do not conform to societal standards.In this paper, the author analyzes the stereotypical representations of single woman from two French-language Algerian novels: Les Pierres dans ma poche by Kaouther Adimi and La fille de la Casbah by Leïla Marouane. By using different literary techniques, the chosen writers formulate a severe criticism of contemporary Algerian society which, despite the hard-won liberties of the second sex, maintains the status quo by enclosing women in stereotypical social roles and by stigmatizing those who do not do not conform to societal standards
Mère tortionnaire, société tortionnaire. Maternité, virginité et révolte dans La jeune fille et la mère de Leïla Marouane
No full textLa jeune fille et la mère, le roman que Leïla Marouane publie à Paris en 2005, se déroule au cours des années soixante-dix, dans une Algérie contemporaine postindépendance, et met en scène une mère, et sa fille – enfant puis adolescente. Dans un premier temps, cette étude vise à situer le roman de Leïla Marouane, La jeune fille et la mère, dans l’écriture algérienne post-années quatre-vingt-dix. Dans un second temps, à travers cette mère tortionnaire dont Leïla Marouane fait le portrait, ce texte démontre que l’auteur dénonce la société algérienne misogyne qui n’a pas su renoncer aux coutumes ancestrales, prive ses femmes de leur identité et de leurs droits.La jeune fille et la mère, the novel Leïla Marouane published in Paris in 2005, is set in the post-industrialist Algeria of the 1970s and features a mother with her daughter – a child and then a teenager. The first aim of this study is to situate Leïla Marouane’s novel, La jeune fille et la mère, in the context of post-nineties Algerian writing. Secondly, through Leïla Marouane’s portrait of a torturing mother, the text shows that the author is denouncing misogynist Algerian society, which has failed to abandon ancestral customs and deprives its women of their identity and their rights
Stereotypical representations of a single woman in novels by Kaouther Adimi and Leïla Marouane
No full textIn this paper, the author analyzes the stereotypical representations of single woman from two French-language Algerian novels: Les Pierres dans ma poche by Kaouther Adimi and La fille de la Casbah by Leïla Marouane. By using different literary techniques, the chosen writers formulate a severe criticism of contemporary Algerian society which, despite the hard-won liberties of the second sex, maintains the status quo by enclosing women in stereotypical social roles and by stigmatizing those who do not do not conform to societal standards
Représentations stéréotypées de la femme célibataire chez Leïla Marouane et Kaouther Adimi
No full textIn this paper, the author analyzes the stereotypical representations of single woman
from two French-language Algerian novels: Les Pierres dans ma poche by Kaouther Adimi and
La fille de la Casbah by Leïla Marouane. By using different literary techniques, the chosen writers
formulate a severe criticism of contemporary Algerian society which, despite the hard-won
liberties of the second sex, maintains the status quo by enclosing women in stereotypical social
roles and by stigmatizing those who do not do not conform to societal standards
Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to rifampin in extra-pulmonary specimens
No full textAims and objectives: This study evaluated the performance of GeneXpert (GX) for direct detection of MTB in extra-pulmonary specimens and assessed the ability of the assay to detect resistance to RIF.
Methods: 104 clinical samples from a tertiary hospital in Sfax, Tunisia were analyzed. Specimens were processed using GX, Ziehl Neelsen and auramine smear, conventional culture on LJ and MGIT >60 media, and drug phenotypic susceptibility testing on LJ and MGIT 960. The diagnosis was made based on clinical, radiological, microbiological, pathological and therapeutic criteria.
Results: In total, 51 patients were considered tuberculous. The PCR result obtained in less than two hours was positive for 46 samples and rifampicin was sensitive to all these cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of GX were 90%, 60.6%, 19.6% and 98.3% compared with direct examination, 84.8%, 74.6%, 60.9% and 91.4% compared with culture and 84.3%, 94.3%, 93.4%, 86.2% compared with final diagnosis. The sensitivity of the GXt was 86% in biopsies and 75% in pus, collections and in biological fluids.
Conclusion: The GX is a simple, rapid technique for real-time PCR and has increased the sensitivity of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It must be part of the diagnostic arsenal of tuberculosis without replacing conventional microbiological tools and allow early diagnosis and appropriate treatment
Corrigendum to “Size-resolved inhalation intake fractions for particles released from human activities in residential indoor environments” [Building and Environment 244 (2023) 110763] (Building and Environment (2023) 244, (S0360132323007904), (10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110763))
No full textThe authors regret to inform the editorial office about addition of an author, Mr. Marouane Merizak, to the list of authors. Revised order of authorship: Marouane Merizak a, Brandon Boor b,c, Dusan Licina a,* a Human-Oriented Built Environment Lab, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, ´Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland b Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA c Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Center for High Performance Buildings, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA Revised CRediT authorship contribution statement: Marouane Merizak and Dusan Licina: Visualization, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Conceptualization. Dusan Licina: Funding acquisition, Resources, Project administration, Supervision. All: Writing – original draft. Revised Acknowledgements: This study was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Grant number: 205321_192086. Special thanks to Dr. Shen Yang for providing the two residential carpets used in the study. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.HOBE
“La quotidienneté de l’horreur” dans la littérature algérienne au féminin
No full textAlgerian novelists of the 1990s, including Assia Djebar and Leïla Marouane, often
devote their work to the plight of women, i.e. the victims of “the dark decade” fundamentalism
with terrorism ravaging the country. Their testimony, transposed and sublimated by poetic art,
makes it possible to describe the atrocities of war and is an inestimable homage to all those who
have fallen in combat. The analysis of their narratives allows the author to describe what Charles
Bonn calls the “everyday horror” of Algerian women
The impact of the CBAM: Exploring the impact of the CBAM on promoting sustainable adjustments in the production process of semiconductor machines: A Malaysian case study in the semiconductor industry
No full textThis thesis aimed to investigate the potential of the EU’s carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) to promote sustainable adjustments in the production process of semiconductor machines, considering uncertainties in carbon accounting. The research combines a review of existing literature, a case study analysis of a selected semiconductor company, and a policy analysis of the EU’s CBAM to provide insights into the ability of the CBAM to promote the use of sustainable materials in the semiconductor industry. The literature review highlighted the significance of life cycle assessment (LCA) as a carbon accounting tool and its potential to assess the relevant embedded emissions for the CBAM. The review showed indeed that LCA could be useful to assess the first phases of the production of the raw materials. Additionally, the review showed that it is less useful as a decision-making tool due to the fact that decision-making regarding the CBAM requires the consideration of other parameters as well, not only the environmental ones. Additionally, the review revealed the novelty of the EU’s CBAM regarding the carbon accounting tools and the CBAM’s design. At the same time, it highlighted the relevance of this research project.The statistical sensitivity analysis (SSA) conducted as an element of the case study showed that there exists a significant variation in the total embedded emissions of the semiconductor machine depending on the kind of steel and aluminium used. This highlighted the opportunity for improvements in the embedded emissions caused by the semiconductor machines. The SSA is also used to evaluate the cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of the implementation of green steel and aluminium in semiconductor machines. The CBA showed that a high reduction in embedded emissions is required to achieve a break-even level with the costs of sustainable steel and aluminium. However, this reduction also depends on the design and implementation of the CBAM. The stakeholder analysis highlighted the actors, transactions, frictions, and games caused by the implementation of the CBAM. A concluding policy analysis was conducted to present possible implementations of the CBAM. The analysis showed that under the current circumstances for the CBAM to be successful in promoting sustainable changes in the semiconductor machine, while considering the uncertainty in the carbon reporting process, an unrealisticallyhigh carbon price is needed to break even. The analysis, however, indicated a bright spot; if global electricity production becomes less carbonintensive, the CBAM may work very well in promoting sustainable materials. Thus, this thesis concludes that for this case study the EU’s CBAM is not effective in promoting sustainable adjustments in semiconductor machines. However, this conclusion is obtained for this specific case with its specific extreme policy scenarios. Therefore, further research could be conducted in assessing other policy scenarios or carbon accounting tools and test how they evaluate the CBAM on its potential to promote the use of sustainable materials in other industries as well.Complex Systems Engineering and Management (CoSEM
Atmospheric extremes caused high oceanward sea surface slope triggering the biggest calving event in more than 50 years at the Amery Ice Shelf
No full textIce shelf instability is one of the main sources of uncertainty in Antarctica's contribution to future sea level rise. Calving events play a crucial role in ice shelf weakening but remain unpredictable, and their governing processes are still poorly understood. In this study, we analyze the unexpected September 2019 calving event from the Amery Ice Shelf, the largest since 1963 and which occurred almost a decade earlier than expected, to better understand the role of the atmosphere in calving.We find that atmospheric extremes provided a deterministic role in this event. A series of anomalously deep and stationary explosive twin polar cyclones over the Cooperation and Davis seas generated tides and winddriven ocean slope, leading to fracture amplification along the pre-existing rift and ultimately calving of the massive iceberg. The calving was triggered by high oceanward sea surface slopes produced by the storms. The observed recordanomalous atmospheric conditions were promoted by blocking ridges and Antarctic-wide anomalous poleward transport of heat and moisture. Blocking highs helped in (i) directing moist and warm air masses towards the ice shelf and (ii) maintaining the observed extreme cyclones stationary at the front of the ice shelf for several days. Accumulation of cold air over the ice sheet, due to the blocking highs, led to the formation of an intense cold high pressure over the ice sheet, which helped fuel sustained anomalously deep cyclones via increased baroclinicity. Our results stress the importance of atmospheric extremes in ice shelf dynamics via tides and sea surface slope and its need to be accounted for when considering Antarctic ice shelf variability and contribution to sea level, especially given that more of these extremes are predicted under a warmer climate. </p
Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to rifampin in extra-pulmonary specimens
No full textAbstractAims and objectivesThis study evaluated the performance of GeneXpert (GX) for direct detection of MTB in extra-pulmonary specimens and assessed the ability of the assay to detect resistance to RIF.Methods104 clinical samples from a tertiary hospital in Sfax, Tunisia were analyzed. Specimens were processed using GX, Ziehl Neelsen and auramine smear, conventional culture on LJ and MGIT 960 media, and drug phenotypic susceptibility testing on LJ and MGIT 960. The diagnosis was made based on clinical, radiological, microbiological, pathological and therapeutic criteria.ResultsIn total, 51 patients were considered tuberculous. The PCR result obtained in less than two hours was positive for 46 samples and rifampicin was sensitive to all these cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of GX were 90%, 60.6%, 19.6% and 98.3% compared with direct examination, 84.8%, 74.6%, 60.9% and 91.4% compared with culture and 84.3%, 94.3%, 93.4%, 86.2% compared with final diagnosis. The sensitivity of the GXt was 86% in biopsies and 75% in pus, collections and in biological fluids.ConclusionThe GX is a simple, rapid technique for real-time PCR and has increased the sensitivity of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It must be part of the diagnostic arsenal of tuberculosis without replacing conventional microbiological tools and allow early diagnosis and appropriate treatment
