1,355,678 research outputs found
Scaling of iDDT Test Methods for Random Logic Circuits
No full textWe present a scaling methodology to improve i DDT fault coverage in random logic circuits. The study targets two i DDT test methods: Double Threshold i DDT and Delayed i DDT. The effectiveness of the scaling methodology is assessed through physical test measurements, and studied relative to process variation and impact on circuit performance. The scaling is made possible using a clustering methodology that can significantly improve fault coverage. The results show that without clustering, the effectiveness of the i DDT testing methods considered is greatly reduced as the circuit size increases. © 2006 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.ABRAHAM J, 2002, INT WORKSH EL DES TE, P360; BINKLEY D, Patent No. 10237670; CHEHAB A, 2004, P IEEE INT WORKSH DE, P11; CHEHAB A, 2002, 6 WORLD MULT SYST CY; CHENG KT, 1993, IEEE T COMP AID DES; Germida A., 1999, International Test Conference 1999. Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37034), DOI 10.1109-TEST.1999.805615; Ishida M., 2001, IEEE INT WORKSH DEF; Jiang W., 1999, International Test Conference 1999. Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37034), DOI 10.1109-TEST.1999.805614; JIANG WL, 1999, IEEE DES AUT C, P976; Kruseman B., 1999, International Test Conference 1999. Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37034), DOI 10.1109-TEST.1999.805613; LEVENDEL Y, 1986, INT FAULT TOL COMP S, P278; LI WN, 1989, IEEE T COMP AID DES; LIU J, 1996, IEEE P EC DES TEST M; MAJHI AK, 1996, 9 INT C VLSI DES, P418; MAKKI R, 1995, ITC, P892; MALAIYA YK, 1984, DESIGN TEST COMPUTER; Min YH, 1998, J ELECTRON TEST, V13, P51, DOI 10.1023-A:1008337200506; Mukherjee A, 2002, DESIGN, AUTOMATION AND TEST IN EUROPE CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION, 2002 PROCEEDINGS, P176; Needham W, 1998, INT TEST CONF P, P25; PLUSQUELLIC J, 1998, DFT, P93; PLUSQUELLIC JF, 1997, IEEE P INT TEST C, P40; Plusquellic JF, 1996, INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE 1996, PROCEEDINGS, P481; Sachdev M, 1998, INT TEST CONF P, P204; SCHULZ MH, 1987, 24 DES AUT C, P237, DOI 10.1145-37888.37923; Segura J, 1999, ELECTRON LETT, V35, P441, DOI 10.1049-el:19990359; SU S, 1995, J ELECTRON TEST, P23; Vinnakota B, 1998, INT TEST CONF P, P1027; Vinnakota B, 1996, 14TH IEEE VLSI TEST SYMPOSIUM, PROCEEDINGS, P483; WAICUKAUSKI JA, 1987, IEEE DESIGN TEST COM11
Dynamic current testing for CMOS domino circuits
No full textIn this paper, we propose a method for testing CMOS domino circuits using the transient power supply current. The method is based on monitoring and processing the transient current. We evaluate the effectiveness of this testing method through simulations of various domino circuits of different sizes. Moreover, we propose a normalising technique to mask the process variations effect associated with current testing. Furthermore, we present a test vector generation algorithm for testing large domino circuits, and develop and implement a clustering technique to improve the fault coverage of the test method when used with large circuits. The clustering algorithm divides the circuit into different clusters where each cluster is fed by a different power supply branch.Aaraj N., 2004, Proceedings. 19th IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems; Aitken RC, 1999, COMPUTER, V32, P46, DOI 10.1109-2.803640; Bollinger S. W., 1991, Proceedings. International Test Conference 1991 (IEEE Cat. No.91CH3032-0); BRUNI L, 1992, P IEEE INT S CIRC SY, P431; Chang JTY, 1997, IEEE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON IDDQ TESTING, DIGEST OF PAPERS, P106; Chang J. T.-Y., 1998, Proceedings International Test Conference 1998 (IEEE Cat. No.98CH36270), DOI 10.1109-TEST.1998.743280; CHEHAB A, 2002, P 1 INT WORKSH EL DE; CHEHAB A, 2004, IEEE INT WORKSH CURR, P11; Cheng CH, 2000, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH ASIAN TEST SYMPOSIUM (ATS 2000), P435; CHENG CH, 1999, IEEE INT S DEF FAULT, P77; Cheng KT, 1999, COMPUTER, V32, P58; FERGUSON FJ, 1990, P INT TEST C; GERMIDA A, 1999, P INT TEST C, P67; Goldstein L. H., 1980, Proceedings of the 17th Design Automation Conference, DOI 10.1145-800139.804528; Heragu K, 2001, IEEE VLSI TEST SYMP, P396; JHA NK, 1988, IEEE T COMPUT AID D, V7, P109, DOI 10.1109-43.3138; JHA NK, 1990, IEEE J SOLID-ST CIRC, V25, P800, DOI 10.1109-4.102678; Kundu R., 2003, Proceedings. International Test Conference 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37494); KUNDU R, 2002, VLSI TEST S, P379; LEE K, 1991, P VLSI TEST S, P303; LEE KJ, 1990, PROCEEDINGS : INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE 1990, P417, DOI 10.1109-TEST.1990.114050; Makki RZ, 1995, PROCEEDINGS - INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE 1995, P892, DOI 10.1109-TEST.1995.529922; Maxwell P. C., 1992, Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications, V3, DOI 10.1007-BF00135334; MCEUEN S, 1991, P IEEE VLSI TEST S, P285; McEuen S. D., 1992, Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications, V3, DOI 10.1007-BF00135336; MIN Y, 1997, AS TEST S, P378; Natarajan S., 2001, Proceedings International Test Conference 2001 (Cat. No.01CH37260), DOI 10.1109-TEST.2001.966653; PURI R, 1996, P IEEE ACM INT C COM, P2, DOI 10.1109-ICCAD.1996.568901; REDDY SM, 1973, IEEE T COMPUT, VC-22, P1016, DOI 10.1109-T-C.1973.223638; Rodriguez-Montanes R., 1991, Proceedings. International Test Conference 1991 (IEEE Cat. No.91CH3032-0); Sachdev M., 1998, Proceedings International Test Conference 1998 (IEEE Cat. No.98CH36270), DOI 10.1109-TEST.1998.743153; *SIS, 2005, SIS 1 3 UNOFFICIAL D; SU ST, 1995, J ELECTRON TEST, V6, P23, DOI 10.1007-BF00993128; Vinnakota B., 1996, Proceedings. 14th IEEE VLSI Test Symposium (Cat. No.96TB100043), DOI 10.1109-VTEST.1996.510897; WALKER A, 1997, IEEE INT S DEF FAULT, P272; WISCOMBE C, 1993, P INT TEST C, P29311
The use of a multi-set-up, reduced-scale accelerated trafficking simulator for evaluating roadway systems and products
No full textThis paper describes the use of an accelerated trafficking device, the one-third scale model mobile load simulator (MMLS3), for evaluating roadway systems and products. While the majority of accelerated load testers have focused on investigating rutting behaviours and moisture damage susceptibility of bituminous materials, this paper sheds light on broader applications using the MMLS3, including accelerated tests on field sections, scaled pavement structures, roadway reflective markings, roadway slip-resistant plates, in addition to performance evaluation tests on hot-mix asphalt mixtures. Results of experiments for the various applications indicate that the MMLS3, when equipped with ancillary instrumentation and devices, is a valuable tool for investigating the structural responses of a roadway system and for evaluating the effectiveness and durability of roadway pavement products. This study shows that the results of accelerated trafficking tests using the MMLS3 are comparable with field full-scale accelerated tests due to the nature of similitude in the MMLS3 design. Using the MMLS3 for accelerated traffic testing for practical and research purposes in the area of pavement engineering is a reliable and economical alternative to full-scale accelerated testing, given the savings in the required time and resources. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.Aktan F, 2004, TRANSPORT RES REC, P38; Al-Qadi L., 2007, TRB 2007 ANN M; Anderson D., 1984, 4 CYCLE PAVEMENT RES, V1; [Anonymous], 2007, ANN BOOK ASTM STAND; [Anonymous], 2007, ANN BOOK ASTM STAND; Barksdale R. D., 1989, 315 NCHRP TRANSP BOA; Bhattacharjee S., 2005, THESIS WORCESTER POL; Chehab G.R., 2007, FHWAPA2007009050110; Cooley Jr L. A., 2000, EC016 TRB NAT RES CO; Donnell ET, 2009, TRANSP RES RECORD, P76, DOI 10.3141-2107-08; Epps A. L., 2003, J TRANSPORTATION ENG, V129, P451, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)0733-947X(2003)129:4(451); Epps A. L., 2001, 21341 TEX A M U TEX; Hufenus R, 2006, GEOTEXT GEOMEMBRANES, V24, P21, DOI 10.1016-j.geotexmem.2005.06.002; Hugo F. H., 2006, NCHRP SYNTHESIS HIGH; Kim S-M., 1995, 29141F U TEX CTR TRA; Lee S., 2003, THESIS N CAROLINA ST; Metcalf J. B., 1996, NCHRP SYNTHESIS HIGH; MLS Test Systems, 2003, MMLS3 OP MAN; Palacios C, 2008, PAVEMENT CRACKING: MECHANISMS, MODELING, DETECTION, TESTING AND CASE HISTORIES, P721; Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT, 1995, PENNS DEP TRANSP PUB; Perkins S. S., 1999, FHWAMT990018138 US D; Smit A., 2004, P 2 INT APT C US SEA; Smit A., 1999, FHWATX00018142 U TEX; Smit A., 2003, TRB 82 ANN M; Tang X., 2008, GEOTECHNICAL SPECIAL, P1049; Tang X., 2008, GEOTECHNICAL SPECIAL, P1089; Xiaochao Tang, 2008, INT J PAVEMENT ENG, V9, P413, DOI 10.1080-102984308022798270
Transient current testing of dynamic CMOS circuits
No full textWe propose methods for testing dynamic CMOS circuits using the transient power supply current, iDDT. The methods are based on setting the primary inputs of the circuit under test, switching the clock signal and monitoring iDDT. We target resistive open defects that can either cause the circuit to fail, or introduce unacceptable delay and hence result in degraded circuit performance. Results of fault simulation of domino CMOS circuits show a high rate of detection for resistive open faults that cannot be otherwise detected using traditional voltage or IDDQ testing. We also show that by using a normalization procedure, the defects can be detected with a single threshold setup in the presence of leakage and process variations. © 2004 IEEE.ADAMS RD, 1999, P VLSI TEST S; BOLLINGER SW, 1991, INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE 1991, P598; CHANG J, 1997, P IEEE INT WORKSH ID; CHEHAB A, 2002, P 1 INT WORKSH EL DE; CHEHAB A, 2004, P IEEE INT WORKSH DE; GERRNIDA A, 1999, P INT TEST C, P67; LEE K, 1991, P VLSI TEST S, P303; LEE KJ, 1990, PROCEEDINGS : INTERNATIONAL TEST CONFERENCE 1990, P417, DOI 10.1109-TEST.1990.114050; LEE KJ, 1990, P IEEE INT S CIRC SY, P5; MACDONALD E, 2000, P 9 AS TEST S; Malaiya Y. K., 1982, P INT TEST C, P25; MAXWELL PM, 1992, J ELECTRON TEST, P305; MCEUEN S, 1991, P IEEE VLSI TEST S, P285; McEuen S. D., 1992, Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications, V3, DOI 10.1007-BF00135336; ROSING R, 1998, P IEEE INT WORKSH ID; Sachdev M., 1998, Proceedings International Test Conference 1998 (IEEE Cat. No.98CH36270), DOI 10.1109-TEST.1998.743153; SU S, 1995, J ELECTRON TEST, P23; Vinnakota B., 1996, Proceedings. 14th IEEE VLSI Test Symposium (Cat. No.96TB100043), DOI 10.1109-VTEST.1996.510897; WALKER A, 1997, P WORKSH DEF FAULT T20
A participação política das mulheres como condição fundamental para um desenvolvimento humano sustentável: o caso do Nordeste brasileiro : The political participation of women as a fundamental condition for sustainable human development: the case of Northeast Brazil
No full textDespite the systematic attempts at invisibilization promoted by the Northeastern patriarchate, historically women have played an important role in - and for - the construction of plural and emancipatory political participation in the region. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of women\u27s political participation for sustainable human development in Northeast Brazil. For that, it used interdisciplinary and documentary bibliographic research. In the end, it was concluded that one of the greatest challenges for the political participation of women in Northeast Brazil concerns the articulation of their demands between the urban and rural regions, including with regard to the socio-environmental issue, combined with the combination of their place of it speaks with other democratic subjects and, above all, with the next generations.A pesar de los intentos sistemáticos de invisibilización promovidos por el patriarcado nororiental, históricamente las mujeres han jugado un papel importante en y para la construcción de la participación política plural y emancipadora en la región. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar el papel de la participación política de las mujeres para el desarrollo humano sostenible en el noreste de Brasil. Para ello, utilizó la investigación bibliográfica interdisciplinar y documental. Al final, se concluyó que uno de los mayores desafíos para la participación política de las mujeres en el Nordeste brasileño tiene que ver con la articulación de sus demandas entre las regiones urbana y rural, incluso en lo que se refiere al tema socioambiental, combinado con la combinación de su lugar habla con otros sujetos democráticos y, sobre todo, con las próximas generaciones.A despeito das sistemáticas tentativas de invisibilização promovidas pelo patriarcado nordestino, historicamente as mulheres desempenham um importante papel na – e para a – construção de uma participação política plural e emancipatória na região. O presente trabalho assume como finalidade central analisar o papel da participação política das mulheres para o desenvolvimento humano sustentável no Nordeste brasileiro. Para tanto, valeu-se de pesquisa bibliográfica interdisciplinar e documental. Ao final, concluiu-se que um dos maiores desafios para a participação política das mulheres no Nordeste brasileiro diz respeito à articulação de suas demandas entre as regiões urbana e rural, inclusive, no que tange à questão socioambiental, aliada à conjugação do seu lugar de fala com outros sujeitos democráticos e, sobretudo, com as próximas gerações
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Effects of FoxO4 overexpression on cholesterol biosynthesis, triacylglycerol accumulation, and glucose uptake
No full textThe Forkhead transcription factors FoxO1, FoxO3a, and FoxO4 play a prominent role in regulating cell survival and cell cycle. Whereas FOXO1 was shown to mediate insulin sensitivity and adipocyte differentiation, the role of the transcription factor FoxO4 in metabolism remains ill defined. To uncover the effects of FoxO4, we generated a cellular model of stable FoxO4 overexpression and subjected it to microarray-based gene expression profiling. While pathway analysis revealed a disruption of cholesterol biosynthesis gene expression, biochemical studies revealed an inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis, which was coupled with decreased mRNA levels of lanosterol 14α demethylase (CYP51). FoxO4-mediated repression of CYP51 led to the accumulation of 24,25 dihydrolanosterol (DHL), which independently and unlike lanosterol inhibited cholesterol biosynthesis. Furthermore, FoxO4-overexpressing cells accumulated lipid droplets and triacylglycerols and had an increase in basal glucose uptake. Recapitulation of these effects was obtained following treatment with CYP51 inhibitors, which also induce DHL buildup. Moreover, DHL but not lanosterol strongly stimulated liver X receptor α (LXRα) activity, suggesting that DHL and LXRα mediate the downstream effects initiated by FoxO4. Together, these studies suggest that FoxO4 acts on CYP51 to regulate the late steps of cholesterol biosynthesis. Copyrigh
Al Qaeda politics and structure - by Nora Mohamad Chehab
No full textThesis (M.A.)--American University of Beirut, Dept. of Political and Public Administration, 2005.;"Advisor: Dr. Ahmad Moussalli, Professor, Political Studies and Public Administration--Member of Committee: Dr. Hilal Khashan, Professor, Political Studies aBibliography: leaves 112-116.Since September 11 th 2001, various Islamic movements have been major topics of analysis and study. One implication of the 9- 11 attacks is the United States' a nd a number of its allies' international campaign to reduce the threat presented by terroris
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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