1,720,971 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Investigations into telomere biology in systemic sclerosis
No full textSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex multisystem autoimmune connective tissue disease of yet unknown aetiology. It is characterised by vascular damage, autoimmunity and progressive fibrosis in the skin and internal organs, with 2 main subsets of disease: diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) and limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), classified mainly according to skin involvement.
Although there has been tremendous progress in the understanding and treatment of autoimmune diseases in the last 20 years, SSc remains a disease with high morbidity and mortality, with no proven treatments that improve long-term outcome. There is therefore a need to improve the understanding of such a devastating disease to facilitate the development of future treatments and improve the prognosis for patients with SSc.
Telomeres are nucleo-protein complexes, comprising tandem TTAGGG repeats at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, which protect the chromosomes from end-to-end fusion, recombination and degradation. There are a variety of telomere binding proteins which maintain telomere stability and function in sensing, signalling and repairing DNA damage. Telomere lengths have been used as a marker of biological aging for over a decade, and the technologies for measuring telomere lengths have also advanced in recent years. Quantitative real time PCR (QPCR) has now superseded Southern Blotting (SB) for telomere length measurements.
Telomere erosion has been implicated in a wide range of diseases and its impact on autoimmune diseases remains unclear. As SSc is associated with particular autoantibodies which have been linked to telomeres, this thesis sought to explore telomere biology in SSc. Initial work measuring telomere lengths in SSc patients using the SB method revealed surprising results, with a lack of age-related telomere erosion in patients with lcSSc, which was in contrast to published literature at the time.
The aim of this research was to measure telomere lengths of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in patients with SSc and related connective tissue diseases using QPCR, with the hypothesis that telomere lengths would be shorter in disease, and to explore telomere binding protein genes, with a view to gaining insight into any mechanistic differences in telomere biology in the different subsets of disease.
Measurement of telomere lengths of PBMC from healthy controls and patients using QPCR showed that telomere lengths were significantly shorter in disease compared to controls, but when adjusted for age, there was no statistically significant difference in telomere lengths of patients with lcSSc compared to controls.
Taking into account the complexity of telomere biology, it is possible that mediators of the inflammatory reaction at the systemic level or autoantibodies against nucleoprotein complexes directly or indirectly interfere with the homeostasis of telomere length in blood. This could occur through disrupting the proteins of the shelterin complex or associated factors relating to DNA repair. Hence, the gene expression of telomere binding proteins and other genes associated with inflammation and DNA repair were explored in patients with SSc using Taqman Low Density Arrays.
The majority of these genes were under expressed in disease compared to controls, but when samples were age-matched, only 4 genes were under-expressed in patients with dcSSc: BCL2, POT1, SIRT6 and WRN, and 4 genes were under-expressed in lcSSc: ATM, BCL2, STAU1 and WRN. There was no correlation between telomere lengths and gene expression. These observations are intriguing, and the role of BCL2 and WRN merit further investigation in patients with SSc.
This work has confirmed that telomeres shorten with age and disease, in keeping with the original hypothesis and published literature. However, there was no significant difference in age-related telomere erosion in patients with lcSSc. Gene expression analysis of telomere associated genes in SSc revealed lower expression in disease compared with controls. Whether this observation is a cause or effect of disease remains to be proven, but suggests that telomeres may be implicated in the pathophysiology of SSc and there are mechanistic differences between the subsets of disease
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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