1,720,954 research outputs found
The roles of natural gas and regional energy exchanges in mitigating GHG emissions: The case of Lebanon
No full textThis paper develops a planning strategy that makes use of natural gas and regional energy exchanges in mitigating GHG emissions in the electricity sector of Lebanon for the period extending till 2020. In this respect several scenarios are investigated in an attempt to explore all possible benefits of natural gas supply both on the level of fuel switching of existing units from fuel-oil and gas-oil as well as on the level of planning for all future units to operate on natural gas. Once completed, the regional electricity network should offer a diversity of cheap and clean energy resources for electricity generation ranging from hydro resources in Egypt and Turkey to natural gas resources originating from the gulf region. The analysis in this paper is performed using the LEAP software, which is a computerized framework for evaluating national energy planning policies
Assessment of energy efficiency options in the building sector of Lebanon
No full textThis paper examines the merits of implementing energy efficiency policies in the building sector in Lebanon following the approach normally adopted in Climate Change studies. The paper first examines the impact of the energy sector on the Lebanese economy, and then assesses the feasibility of implementing suitable energy efficiency options in the building sector. For this purpose, a detailed analysis of the building sector in Lebanon is presented with emphasis on the thermal characteristics of building envelopes and the energy consuming equipment. The long-term benefits of applying energy efficiency options in the building sector are then assessed using a scenario-type analysis that compares these benefits against those of a baseline scenario that assumes no significant implementation of energy efficiency policies. Finally, feasible options are highlighted and recommendations to remove the major barriers hindering the penetration of energy efficiency options in the Lebanese market are provided. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.*ADM CENTR STAT, 1996, B STAT SER 1996 1997; *BANK LEB, 1999, ANN REP 1999; CHEDID R, IN PRESS INT J ENERG; Chedid R, 2000, ENERGY CONVERSION MA, V42, P373; Chedid R, 2001, INT J ENERG RES, V25, P355, DOI 10.1002-er.688; *I NORM LIB LIBNOR, 1999, GUID IS THERM CONF B; *IPCC, 1996, WORKBOOK, P3; *IPCC, 1996, REP INSTR, V2; IPCC, 1997, REV 1996 IPCC GUID N, V1; *USTDA, 1999, FEAS STUD EDL BILL R; 1999, TECHNICAL ANNEX LEBA; 2000, SURVEY EC SOCIAL DEV; 1998, 1 INVENTORY GREENHOU15131
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A simulation model for reliability-based appraisal of an energy policy: The case of Lebanon
No full textThe Lebanese Electric Power System (LEPS) has been suffering from technical and financial deficiencies for decades and mirrors the problems encountered in many developing countries suffering from inadequate or no power systems planning resulting in incomplete and ill-operating infrastructure, and suffering from effects of political instability, huge debts, unavailability of financing desired projects and inefficiency in operation. The upgrade and development of the system necessitate the adoption of a comprehensive energy policy that introduces solutions to a diversity of problems addressing the technical, financial, administrative and governance aspects of the system. In this paper, an energy policy for Lebanon is proposed and evaluated based on integration between energy modeling and financial modeling. The paper utilizes the Load Modification Technique (LMT) as a probabilistic tool to assess the impact of policy implementation on energy production, overall cost, technical-commercial losses and reliability. Scenarios reflecting implementation of policy projects are assessed and their impacts are compared with business-as-usual scenarios which assume no new investment is to take place in the sector. Conclusions are drawn on the usefulness of the proposed evaluation methodology and the effectiveness of the adopted energy policy for Lebanon and other developing countries suffering from similar power system problems. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.Abi Said C., 2005, ELECT ENERGY ENERGY; Al-Shaalan A.M., 2011, J KING SAUD U ENG SC, V23, P27; Avetisyan M, 2006, ENERG ECON, V28, P455, DOI 10.1016-j.eneco.2005.12.001; Badelt G, 2000, ENERG POLICY, V28, P39, DOI 10.1016-S0301-4215(99)00085-3; BILLINTON R, 1978, IEEE T POWER AP SYST, V97, P2076, DOI 10.1109-TPAS.1978.354711; Billinton R, 1996, RELIABILITY EVALUATI; D'Sa A, 2005, ENERG POLICY, V33, P1271, DOI 10.1016-j.enpol.2003.12.003; Electricite du France, 2009, GEN TRANS MAST PLAN; El-Fadel M, 2003, RENEW ENERG, V28, P1257, DOI 10.1016-S0960-1481(02)00229-X; El-Fadel R.H., 2009, ENERG POLICY, V38, P751; Ghajar R., 2011, P 8 INT C EUR EN MAR; Hamdan H.A., 2010, THESIS LEB AM U BYBL; IEEE Reliability Test System, 1979, IEEE T POWER APPARAT, V98, P2047; Karaki SH, 2002, INT J ELEC POWER, V24, P611, DOI 10.1016-S0142-0615(01)00075-8; Ministry of Energy and Water, 2003, IPP EN PROJ EN POL S; Ministry of Energy and Water, 2010, POL PAP EL SECT; Ministry of Energy and Water, 2009, FORM MED LONG TERM F; Ministry of Energy and Water, 2005, IPP EN PROJ EN POL S; Ministry of Energy and Water, 2004, IPP EN PROJ BLUEP ES; World Bank, 2008, 41421LB WORLD BANK33
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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