6,092 research outputs found
Analysis of plasma-mediated ablation in aqueous tissue
No full textPlasma-mediated ablation using ultrafast lasers in transparent media such as aqueous tissues is studied. It is postulated that a critical seed free electron density exists due to the multiphoton ionization in order to trigger the avalanche ionization which causes ablation and during the avalanche ionization process the contribution of laser-induced photon ionization is negligible. Based on this assumption, the ablation process can be treated as two separate processes - the multiphoton and avalanche ionizations - at different time stages; so that an analytical solution to the evolution of plasma formation is obtained for the first time. The analysis is applied to plasma-mediated ablation in corneal epithelium and validated via comparison with experimental data available in the literature. The critical seed free-electron density and the time to initiate the avalanche ionization for sub-picosecond laser pulses are analyzed. It is found that the critical seed free-electron density decreases as the pulse width increases, obeying a tp-5.65 rule. This model is further extended to the estimation of crater size in the ablation of tissue-mimic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The results match well with the available experimental measurements.Peer reviewed
Intervista a LIU Jian
No full textLIU Jian, pianificatrice urbana e docente alla Tsinghua University di Pechino, ha una conoscenza diretta delle dinamiche urbane Asiatiche ed Europee grazie alla sua esperienza di studio a Parigi e all'aver diretto numerosi programmi di scambio tra varie Università tra cui il Politecnico di Torino. Risponde qui ad alcune domande sugli importanti sviluppi dell'urbanistica cinese che si susseguono a grande velocit
Du shu cao tang ming shi: si juan.
No full text順德簡朝亮述."排印留版存讀書草堂, 上海中華書局承印"--Title page verso.Shunde Jian Zhaoliang shu."Pai yin liu ban cun Du shu cao tang, Shanghai Zhonghua shu ju cheng yin"--Title page verso
The Impacts of US Quantitative Easing Policy on Taiwan Economy
No full text美聯儲會自2008年實行量化寬鬆貨幣政策(QE)，創造美國貨幣基數大幅度增加並維持聯邦資金利率接近零的超低水準，使得美元匯率走弱，國際資金紛紛流向新興市場，各國央行採取因應作為，以降低利率和增加貨幣供給總量，也藉此刺激經濟衰退現象。台灣屬於小型開放經濟體，在這波金融危機與各國央行採行寬鬆貨幣政策的浪潮中無法置身於外，各項經濟數據與金融市場的表現皆深受影響。然而美國QE政策在2014年逐步退場，並且預期隔年將有可能進行升息，故本研究著重探討，後續是否對台灣總體經濟產生反向衝擊的影響。
本文以大型總體計量模型的架構，建立台灣總體經濟計量模型，樣本期間為1997年第二季至2013年第三季，以87條方程式(35條定義式與52條估計式)，預測美聯儲與台灣央行的貨幣政策立場保持目前情況不變下，台灣2014年至2016年的經濟成長率分別為2.46%、4.04%、4.75%。
接著利用情境分析模擬美國QE政策完全退場與進入升息循環的情況，發現僅就QE退場而言，惟股價指數明顯下跌約1.3%，對我國總體經濟實質變數產生的衝擊不大。此外，當美國進入升息循環的情況下，透過台幣匯率的貶值帶動淨出口金額增加，將對我國經濟成長的表現略有正面影響，但同時亦不利股價指數及債市成交總量，且發現若美聯儲採取升息的步調愈緊湊，其影響程度愈大。此可說明市場投資人擔憂的是美國QE政策完全退場且開始升息，我國股市在資金行情撤離的預期下，存在雙重負面衝擊的隱憂。Federal Reserve has implemented quantitative easing policies since 2008, making the US monetary base increase in a large scale and federal funds rate maintain the ultra-low level until the labor market improves. With correspondingly weakening of the US dollar, it stimulated capital outflows to emerging economies. For Taiwan, a small open economy, lots of numbers in financial markets have been deeply affected by global trends. However, fed employ QE tapering in 2014 and is likely to raise funds rate at some point in 2015. Therefore, the analysis focuses on the following problems that the end of QE and raising funds rate may cause.
This paper was based on large-scale simultaneous equation macroeconometric models to establish the macroeconomic model of Taiwan. It predict Taiwan GDP growth rate will be 2.46%、4.04%、4.75% from 2014 to 2016 respectively if Federal Reserve and Taiwan central bank continue their monetary policies attitudes invariant.
Moreover, the paper used scenario analysis to simulate the end of QE and funds rate raised by Fed. We find that if fed stops QE, apparently only Taiwan stock index plunged 1.3% or so. And if fed begins to raise funds rate, Taiwan’s net export will increase due to NTD exchange rate depreciation, which generate slight positive effects on Taiwan’s economic growth, yet goes against the stock market index and total volume of the bond market. We also find that if Feds takes a tight hike in funds rate, it will have greater influence on Taiwan economy. This can also explain what the domestic investors mainly worry about are the negative shocks after the end of QE and funds rate beginning to rise. There are definitely some hidden worries showing in the stock markets with expectations of the withdrawal of capital flows.目錄
口試委員會審定書 i
謝辭 ii
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 本文架構 4
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 研究主題文獻回顧 6
2.2 研究方法文獻回顧 9
2.2.1 總體計量模型的發展 9
2.2.2 我國相關總體計量模型的研究 11
第三章 研究方法 13
3.1 模型建構 13
3.2 模型求解 14
3.2.1靜態解與動態解 14
3.2.2 確定模擬與隨機模擬 14
3.2.3 模型選用求解方法 15
3.3 模型評估 15
第四章 台灣總體計量模型 16
4.1 模型設定方法 16
4.2 國民所得會計 18
4.2.1 消費部門 20
4.2.2 投資部門 21
4.2.3 政府部門 23
4.2.4 進出口部門 24
4.3 價格指數 26
4.4 勞動部門 28
4.5 金融部門 29
4.5.1 貨幣數量 29
4.5.2 利率 30
4.5.3 存、放款 30
4.5.4 股票及債券市場 31
4.6 國際部門 32
4.6.1 外匯市場 32
4.6.2 國際收支 33
第五章 模型評估與基準預測 34
5.1 靜態評估和樣本內配適情形 34
5.2 樣本內預測 49
5.3 長期趨勢之基準預測 56
第六章 情境分析 69
6.1 美國QE退場政策之情境分析 70
6.2 美聯儲升息之情境分析 74
第七章 結論 78
7.1 研究結果 78
7.2 未來展望 79
參考文獻 80
中文部分 80
英文部分 82
附錄 84
一、單一方程式估計結果，（）內為t值 84
二、定義式 99
三、變數說明 10
ANALISIS PENGUASAAN KATA BANTU BILANGAN "ZUO", "JIA", "JIAN", "TAO"."SUO" PADA MAHASISWA BAHASA MANDARIN
No full textAbstractChinese has many characteristics which are different from other languages. One of its prominent features is the abundance of quantifiers. "zuo", "jia", "jian", "tao" and "suo" all belong to noun quantifiers. These five words are quantifiers used to count houses and places. There are similarities and differences in their usage. Therefore, Chinese learners tend to misunderstand these five words, leading to misuse and inappropriate use.In order to understand the mastery of "zuo", "jia", "jian", "tao" and "suo" by the students of theChinese Language major in the Faculty of Teachers Training and Education TanjungPura University, the author tested the students with the test method, and analyzed the difficulties of of "zuo", "jia", "jian", "tao" and "suo". The test results show that the students'mastery of the quantifier "jian" and "jia" is very good, with the correct rate reaching more than 70%, while the students' mastery of "zuo" and "tao" is not very good, with the correct rate less than 70%, and the correct rate of ”suo" is 59%. When analyzing the difficulties, the author finds that the most common problem is the misuse of words.Keywords : quantifiers zuo,jia,jian,tao,suo analysis of master
'Jian Bei Pian': Lao She's Forgotten Wartime Epic Poem
No full textThis thesis is the first English-language critical study of Chinese author Lao She’s(1899-1966) wartime epic ballad Jian bei pian and includes the ballad’s first translation into English. The thesis addresses a gap in knowledge about his work, a gap previously covered by simplistic labelling of it as patriotic propaganda. Lao She’s reputation in the West largely rests on his modern fiction, although his literary output covered many genres, generating at different times in his life the full range of reactions in China between popular acclaim and violent censure. Much of his writing, done during periods of intense cultural and political upheaval in China, reflected the events through which he lived. Jian bei pian, his poetic record of a journey through northern China during the Second Sino-Japanese War, is unique, both of its time and outside of its time, yet it has received relatively little attention from critics in China or in the West. Recent Chinese studies on Jian bei pian have highlighted the poem’s patriotic elements, retrospectively interpreting it as an endorsement of China’s Communist Party and deeming it part of his wartime nation-building literature. In the West Jian bei pian has been almost completely ignored, apart from observations which similarly focus on its imputed status as patriotic propaganda and condemn or dismiss it for that reason.
This thesis evaluates the evidence for and against Jian bei pian’s significance and effectiveness as wartime propaganda by examining the poem through frameworks of nation building theory. Textual analysis of Jian bei pian’s images of China, its narrative treatment of China’s history, and of culturally significant periods and sites, finds that the patriotic rhetoric is inconsistent. This finding echoes recent work of some Western scholars who have observed contradictions and insecurities in Lao She’s pre-war and wartime fiction that undermined his ability to convey a patriotic message. In rejecting Jian bei pian as nation-building, the thesis argues that Lao She’s writing of the poem was primarily driven by personal factors. Against the background of his recorded views, expressed motives and comments on the circumstances in which the poem was written, further textual analysis focuses on Jian bei pian’s diverse features reflecting the influence of traditional and classical elements of Chinese culture. This analysis of the poem’s composition, in both form and subject matter, highlights the importance of China’s classical poetry for Lao She, and suggests that Jian bei pian, in its travelogue depictions of a China where geography is overlaid with a sense of its history, literature and art, may belong in China’s classical jiyoushi (poems about travel) tradition – aspects of Jian bei pian recently noted by a few Chinese scholars but previously overlooked in the West
Anaplecta cruciata Deng & Liu & Wang & Che 2020, sp. nov.
No full textAnaplecta cruciata Deng & Che sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A229787B-5350-4522-B068-09747DDF41EE Fig. 7 Diagnosis This species can be easily separated from other species by the left phallomere with a strongly thickened filamentary structure, which is crossed with another bone fragment. Etymology The specific name is derived from the Latin word ‘ cruciatus ’ and refers to the crossed bone fragments (L1 and L2v) of the left phallomere. Type material Holotype CHINA • ♂; Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Yaoqu Town; 21°43′26″ N, 101°32′30″ E; 820 m a.s.l.; 10 May 2015; Jian-yue Qiu leg.; SWU. Paratypes CHINA – Yunnan • 1 ♂; Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Shangyong Town; 21°14′36″ N, 101°42′26″ E; 792 m a.s.l.; Jian-yue Qiu leg.; SWU • 8 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; SWU. Description Male MEASUREMENTS (mm). Male: pronotum, length ×width: 1.2–1.3 ×1.3–1.4, tegmina length: 4.5–5.2, overall length: 5.8–6.6. Female: pronotum, length ×width: 1.3×1.4–1.5, tegmina length: 4.2–4.5, overall length: 5.6–5.9. COLORATION. Body dark brown, eyes black, antennae dark brown (Fig. 7 A–B). Vertex, frons reddish brown; clypeus yellowish brown (Fig. 7C). Pronotum dark brown, lateral borders of pronotum hyaline (Fig. 7D). Tegmina pale dark brown, lateral margins of tegmina nearly hyaline (Fig. 7E). Wings with costal field and appendicular field infuscated, other part yellowish brown, with veins brown (Fig. 7I). Legs yellowish brown, cerci dark yellowish brown (Fig. 7B, J). HEAD AND THORAX. Interocular space greater than distance between antennal sockets (Fig. 7C). Fourth and fifth maxillary palpi subequal in length, longer than third maxillary palpus, fifth maxillary palpus slightly thicker than fourth, which is nearly oval (Fig. 7G). Pronotum subparabolic (Fig. 7D). Tegmina with veins indistinct; wings with radial veins basically distinct, CuP and CuA merging into one venation (Fig. 7 E–F, I). Front femur type B2 (Fig. 7H). Pulvilli absent, arolia present. MALE ABDOMEN AND GENITALIA. Paraprocts different, the left paraproct with small process (Fig. 7J). Subgenital plate asymmetrical, styli with length about ½ of interstylar space, interstylar margin arcuate (Fig. 7K). Phallomere simple, L1 with filamentary structure strongly thickened, which is crossed with another bone fragment (L2v), L2d and L2vm degraded, L3 robust with apex of uncinate part enlarged and blunt; R1 absent, R2 irregular bone sheet, weakly sclerotized, R3 short simple sheet-like (Fig. 7 L–N). Distribution China (Yunnan).Published as part of Deng, Wenbo, Liu, Yuchao, Wang, Zongqing & Che, Yanli, 2020, Eight new species of the genus Anaplecta Burmeister, 1838 (Blattodea: Blattoidea: Anaplectidae) from China based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 77-106 in European Journal of Taxonomy 720 on pages 95-97, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.720.1117, http://zenodo.org/record/408511
Texture characterization of atmospheric fine particles by fractional Brownian motion analysis
No full textNan Song Shuzhou gong du yi jian zheng li yu yan jiu Zheng li yu yan jiu
No full textBen shu shi dui wo she yu 1990 nian chu ban de ying yin ben "Song ren yi jian" de zheng li yu yan jiu. Gai shu shi liao feng fu, she ji zheng zhi, jing ji, jun shi yi ji Song dai gong wen ge shi he shu yi, shi zhen gui de shi wu wen xian. "Song ren yi jian" fan ying le bu shao nan Song shi qi di fang guan fu ji gou she zhi he xing zheng guan li zhi du, bu chong le xu duo Song dai cai zheng, shui shou zheng ce de xin cai liao, bao liu le nan Song chu nian Jiang Huai di qu zhan bei zhuang kuang de xi jie cai liao, hai shi Song dai wen shu zhi du de zhong yao cai liao, you zhu yu Song shi yan jiu de shen ru. Zheng li ben yan jin gui fan, ge shi ming xi, ji ben huan yuan le Song jian tu ban de ben lai mian mao, ju you jiao qiang de can kao jia zh
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