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Political conflict on Western Sahara territory
No full textThe author of the article describes briefly the history of this area, belonging from 1886 to 1976 to Spain. The article presents the way of seizing this territory by Spain and colonial institutions, as well as the way it was treated by the dictator of Spain General Franco and the structure of Spanish administration. The author elaborates on the process of decolonization in this area of Africa and of its influence on political decolonization and national independence movements amongst the inhabitants of Western Sahara. Most important forces and political parties in this area are also described. The author presents also the process of taking these territories over by Morocco and Mauritania in 1976. Finally, he elaborates on the political fight between Algeria, Morocco, Libya, Mauritania and indirectly the Soviet Union and France for the control over the territory of Western Sahara as well as its economic significance with regard to the world's largest reserves of phosphates. The author discusses also the activity of the POLISARIO Front aiming at the independence of Western Sahara and its fight against Morocco
Interdenominational communication in West and North Africa in historical and contemporary perspective
No full textThe author depicts the phenomenon of interdenominational communication in Africa as a form of social and intercultural communication. The article includes theories of cultural semiotics introduced by The Frankfurt School and The Tartu School. Actually, the phenomenon of interdenominational communication is treated as the interdenominational dialogue considered as conscious social phenomenon as well as a natural field of interactions among religious civilisations. The author mentions Sufism as a form of natural interdenominational Muslim-Christian dialogue. He also describes present ways of Communications such as the Internet. He writes over the disadvantages of religiosity – religious fundamentalism as a cause of tension and terrorism or the reason of the dialogue severance
Activity of the Society of the Muslim Brothers in North African countries - an example of Egypt and Algeria
No full textThe author of the article describes the operations of the radical organization of The Society of the Muslim Brothers in Algeria, which is the first structure of the Islamic fundamentalism, created in Egypt in 1936 by Hassan Al Banna, a theoretician and the first leader of the organization. Muslim Brotherhood became the mother- organization of all further structures and organizations of Muslim fundamentalists. The author is portraying the social and political context of the birth of this political movement and its beginnings in Algeria. The French colonialism was also one of the causes of this movement in Algeria. Muslim Brotherhood has skillfully linked religious campaigning and active gap-filling in the social policy of the state. Their goal is building the system of the social network of mutual aid and establishing an alternative, strictly Islamic society. Muslim Brotherhood has also theoretically and practically accepted terrorist methods as the way of the political struggle for achieving established goals. The author is portraying circumstances of its activity in Algeria and potential international threats associated with it, as well as the beginnings of terrorism in this country. He also describes the election of 1990 and the circumstance of winning the election by fundamentalist parties as well as the coup d'etat and the takeover carried out by military junta as well as the evolution of the political situation in Algeria after the coup d'etat
Farouk I - The Last King of Egypt
No full textIn this article, the author focuses on the tradition of the last dynasty of kings of Egypt and their political power in Egypt from 16th century to the 20th century with special attention to the relationship between rulers of Egypt and Turkey. Special emphasis was turn to political power in Egypt during the Second World War and the position of King Farouk I in the face of the United Kingdom and Germany. Author describes also personal life of King Farouk I as well as political reason of coup in 1952 which caused the overthrow of the King Farouk
The etjnic poverty and wealth in North Africa. The Polish Tatars in Egypt, Algeria and Morocco during the Second Polish Republic
No full textThe author of the article forwards the question about the case of the relationship of Polish Muslims community during 1918-1939 with Muslims in the Middle East. The Polish Tatars as a Muslims propagated an idea of relationship between Europe and Islamic East through the Tatars group in Poland. Some leaders of PolishTatars, Olgierd and Leon Kryczyński visited Egypt and Morocco and promoted Polish Muslims tradition as connection between European and Eastern civilizations. During the Second Polish Republic, Polish government especially Marshall Pilsudski promoted organizations of Polish Tatars e.g. The Culture and Education Union of Polish Tatars (activity during the years 1925-1939)
The Tuareg rebellion in Mali in 20212 and the islamic factor
No full textThis article is about the Tuareg rebellion in Mali in the years 2012— 2013, the French intervention in the country and the creation of ethnic transformation of the Islamist groups in the fight against the lawful government. The author discusses the possible consequences of this rebellion and its political implications as well as possible international contexts
Tanger as an international economic and political zone, multicultural and multireligious space and area of relationship between European, Islamic and African civilizations
No full textThe author of the article put the question about case of the relationship Islamic and European civilizations in the area of international zone in Tanger in north Morocco and presented Muslims tradition connected with European and Western civilizations there. In the time of the Second World War and before in the Tanger international zone established international and multicultural artists group who realized art, wrote poems and story's as subjects of transgression cultural tradition and contemporary way of life. In the Tanger area artist activity of the Jack Keruoack, Alan Ginsberg, William Burrougs and other artists and writers of the "beat generation" as well as an American writer Paul Bowles with his wife Jane Bowles who also wrote stories was aroused
Addendum to Tatar–Karaim Relations during and after the Interwar Period. Hakhan Haji Seraya Shapshal and the Grand Mufti Dr Jakub Szynkiewicz
No full textArtykuł stanowi notę przyczynkarską do tematu relacji pomiędzy Karaimami a Tatarami w Polsce w czasach dawniejszych jak też w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej a także w czasach II wojny światowej. Omawia stosunki pomiędzy duchowym przywódcą Karaimów Hadży Seraja Szapszałem a zwierzchnikiem polskich muzułmanów muftim Jakubem Szynkiewiczem ich relacje w okresie II wojny światowej a także przyczynienie się przez Tatarów do uratowania Karaimów od niemieckiej eksterminacji w Wilnie w latach 1941- 1944. Dodatkowo autor wzmiankuje o badaczach, orientalistach z pochodzenia Karaimach piszących o polskich Tatarach. Ta nota naukowa jest przyczynkiem do dalszego gruntownego zbadania tematu. Stanowi sygnał o istnieniu naukowego problemu.This article discusses the relations between Crimean Karaites and Tatars in Poland in the more distant past, during the the Second Polish Republic and also throughout World War II. It describes the relationship between the spiritual leader of the Karaites (Karaims) Haji Seraya Shapshal and the Grand Mufti of all Muslims in Poland – Jakub Szynkiewicz, their relationship during World War II, and additionally the role played by the Tatars in saving the the Karaims from extermination at the hands of the Nazi Germans in Vilnius in 1941–1944. Moreover, the author mentions scholars and orientalists with a Karaim background writing about Polish Tatars. This scholarly piece should encourage further research on this issue. It appears to be an academic problem worth investigating
Masonry in Islam Taking North Africa Into Consideration
No full textThe article focuses on Masonic ideology and its origin and organizational development in Muslim states taking African countries - Egypt and Morocco into consideration. The great importance is to attach to relationship between ideology of Masonic lodges and Turkish-Ottoman Committee of Unity and Progress as well as programme of secularization of Turkey and Occidentalism of Islam. The article is one of the first attempt in Polish literature of describing of masonry in Muslim countries and relationship of Masonic ideology with individual trends in Islam with particular reference to Sufism
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