1,720,962 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Formation and modification of Ag atomic point contacts
Get PDFThere is the hope that Molecular electronics would enable the fabrication of ultra-small sized functional molecular circuits. However, since this is currently not easily possible using the conventional Si technology, this branch of nano-technology requires significant understanding of the various physical processes that take place on the atomic scale which are governed by quantum mechanical principles. Quantum mechanics introduces uncertainties in the behaviour and, therefore, the investigation of atomic and molecular junctions is not very straightforward. Many approaches have been developed to fabricate such junctions in a reliable
way, but nevertheless, there still exists a lack of reproducibility amongst measurements. Similarly, along with the increasing miniaturisation demands, not only smaller circuits are desired, but their efficiency and performance also suffers from the increased current densities and local heating. Therefore, while investigating atomic/molecular junctions the approach within this thesis was two-fold: (a) better understanding of the mechanism of electromigration
(EM) within nano-structures and (b) fabrication of reproducible atomic point contacts using EM in ultra-thin Ag structures.
In this thesis, an unique set-up consisting of a 4-tip SEM/STM UHV chamber was used to perform EM measurements on nano-structures. Multiple Ag nano-structures were fabricated on a Si substrate using a two-step lithography process and presence of the in-situ SEM enabled easy navigation from one nano-structure to the other. The tips were used for contacting the structures and a feedback controlled electromigration (FCE) mechanism was used to control the voltage between them during the EM process. Significant effort was devoted on the development and integration of the EM set-up within the 4-tip SEM/STM UHV chamber in
order to establish an in-situ fabrication and characterisation technique of atomic/molecular junctions.
Ag bow-tie shaped structures with a centre width between 100 - 200nm were investigated at lN2 temperatures and the in-situ characterisation of the structures was performed before and after EM. Ultra-thin Ag structures deposited on Si exhibited a granular nature with an average grain size of Ag grains between 30 - 40 nm. Therefore, the smallest constriction consisted of more than one grain, which when subjected to EM, led to a complex structure formation. It was observed from the conductance curves that even though these structures depict conductance quantisation while thinning during EM, they could not be re-used for
repeatable opening and closing of atomic junctions. This observation led to the conclusion that in order to fabricate reproducible atomic junctions, structure widths below the size of one single grain must be used. To reduce the centre widths below 30 nm, focused ion beam (FIB) patterning was employed, to reliably shape the centre constriction to widths below 20 nm. This extra nano-structuring step allowed precise in-situ local control on the morphology of the structures, which served as a step forward in defining the geometry of the atomic junctions and also improved the reproducibility of the EM technique. EM on these structures produced very well defined conductance plateaus which could be re-opened multiple times, suggesting that atomically precise metallic point contacts were generated. Hence, this dissertation addresses one of the very complex issues in molecular electronics i.e.
reproducible fabrication of atomic contacts.
Furthermore, CO molecule(s) were adsorbed on these point contacts. Being one of the very simple asymmetric molecules, CO served as a good candidate to understand the role of chemisorption on such junctions. Time-resolved current measurements showed bi-stabilities that were dependent on bias voltages. Conductance could be reproducibly changed between two states just by changing the operating voltage suggesting even the simplest molecular junction possesses the capability to function as switches, or memory devices. In the present
case, the exact mechanism behind this behaviour has not been completely comprehended, but few possibilities have been outlined. Hence, this thesis also provides intriguing results on electrical properties of chemisorbed Ag atomic contacts
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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