1,721,014 research outputs found
Evaluating and rethinking public health for the 21st century ::toward vulnerable population interventions
Full text linkPublic health preventive interventions aim to improve population health through
two main approaches. Firstly, individual-centered interventions seek to change knowledge and behaviors of individuals identified as at high risk of disease. Secondly, population-centered interventions are delivered across the whole population, without prior detection of individuals at increased risk of disease (1). Population-centered interventions can address three types of health determinants: (i) the personal behaviors (e.g., mass media campaigns to improve diet), (ii) the physical environment (e.g., clean air and water policies), and (iii) the social and economic environment (e.g., safe housing provision). Despite the significant role of both individual- and populationcentered approaches in improving population health during the last decades, health inequities between socially, culturally, or financially disadvantaged groups within populations are increasing, at least for some health outcomes (2). This is partly due to shortcomings of both individual- and population-centered approaches. Learning from modern public health history and given the health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic, this commentary argues that 21st-century public health should mainly invest in vulnerable population interventions. This approach aims to decrease health inequities between socially defined groups and is a necessary complement to population-centered interventions
Eating to add years of life and life to these years: what should be in the menu? [editorial].
No full textThe author Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez is not properly referenced in PubMed. The reference shows as "Rodriguez E.G.", but should be "Gonzalez Rodriguez E.". - Comment on: Diet quality as a predictor of cardiometabolic disease-free life expectancy: the Whitehall II cohort study. Auteurs: Lagström H, Stenholm S, Akbaraly T, Pentti J, Vahtera J, Kivimäki M, Head J.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Apr 1;111(4):787-794. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz329
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Qualité de l’alimentation chez les femmes de 50 à 75 ans satisfaites et insatisfaites de leur poids corporel ::résultats de l’enquête nationale sur l’alimentation en Suisse
No full textDiet quality in middle-aged and older women with and without body weight dissatisfaction ::results from a population-based national nutrition survey in Switzerland
No full textBody weight dissatisfaction is associated with unhealthy dietary behaviours in young adults, but data are scarce regarding how this relationship evolves with age. The objectives of the present study were to assess the prevalence of body weight dissatisfaction and the association between body weight dissatisfaction, nutrient intake and diet quality in middle-aged and older women. We used data of a population-based sample of 468 middle-aged (50–64 y/o) and older (65–75 y/o) women, extracted from the cross-sectional 2014–15 Swiss National Nutrition Survey. Body weight dissatisfaction was assessed by questionnaire. Dietitians assessed dietary intakes using two non-consecutive computer-assisted multi-pass 24-h dietary recalls and performed anthropometric measurements. Nutrient intakes were calculated and compared with national dietary guidelines, and diet quality scored with the 2010 Alternate Healthy Eating Index (2010-AHEI). 41⋅1 % of women reported body weight dissatisfaction, and 49⋅8 % wanted to lose weight. Body weight dissatisfaction was associated with weight loss desire and a higher body mass index (BMI; P < 0⋅001). Women with body weight dissatisfaction consumed significantly less carbohydrates and dietary fibres, even when BMI was controlled for (P < 0⋅05). They also fell short of national dietary guidelines for magnesium and iron. Body weight dissatisfied women obtained lower 2010-AHEI scores than satisfied women (β −4⋅36, 95 % CI −6⋅78, −1⋅93). However, this association disappeared when the BMI was introduced in the equation. This highlights the importance of targeting both body dissatisfaction and unhealthy eating in obesity prevention and treatment at all ages
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Nouvelles compétences professionnelles pour le master en nutrition et diététique = Nuove competenze finali per il master in nutrizione e dietetica = Neue Masterabschlusskompetenzen in der Ernährung und Diätetik ::opportunités de standardisation et de développement des rôles = opportunità di standardizzazione e sviluppo dei ruoli = Chancen für die Standardisierung und Rollenentwicklung
No full textLa Conférence professionnelle a publié récemment la liste des compétences professionnelles pour le master en nutrition et diététique, qui peuvent être utilisées de façon multiple. Les compétences professionnelles offrent un cadre de référence pour la standardisation et donc l’assurance qualité de la formation dans les hautes écoles spécialisées, et sont aussi une source d’inspiration pour le développement de nouveaux rôles.La conferenza professionale ha pubblicato di recente le competenze finali per il master in nutrizione e dietetica, che si possono impiegare in diversi modi. Le competenze finali offrono un quadro di riferimento per la standardizzazione e quindi per la garanzia della qualità della formazione presso le scuole universitarie professionali, ma anche un’ispirazione per lo sviluppo di nuovi ruoli.Von der Berufskonferenz wurden kürzlich Masterabschlusskompetenzen in Ernährung und Diätetik veröffentlicht, die vielfältig genutzt werden können. Abschlusskompetenzen bieten einen Rahmen zur Standardisierung und damit Qualitätssicherung der Ausbildungen an den Fachhochschulen, aber auch Inspiration für die Entwicklung neuer Rollen
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