1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Elasticité des bases fiscales (composées des profits des sociétés) en Europe
No full textURL des Documents de travail : http://centredeconomiesorbonne.univ-paris1.fr/bandeau-haut/documents-de-travail/Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 2011.79 - ISSN : 1955-611XIn this paper, we pursue several goals ; we first check if the downward trend in corporate income tax rates in Europe reflects a strategy of tax competition, and not a "yardstick competition" in neighboring countries. We estimate the scale of fiscal externalities on neighboring countries in terms of taxable domestic resources outflows. Then, we discriminate the European countries according to their size in order to verify the theory of Bucovetsky (1991) and Wilson (1991) which predict a higher elasticity of tax bases in small countries. We use a panel of 25 European countries over the period 1995-2007 using tools from spatial econometrics. We show that the common trend to lower the corporate income tax rate can be partially explained by the existence of fiscal spillovers throw international flows of resources. Tax rates setting behaviors are interdependent and are evidences of tax competition in Europe.Dans cet article, nous poursuivons plusieurs objectifs ; tout d'abord, il s'agit de regarder si la tendance à la baisse des taux d'imposition sur les profits des sociétés en Europe traduit bien une stratégie de concurrence fiscale et non une stratégie de duplication des politiques fiscales des pays voisins. Nous estimons l'ampleur des externalités fiscales des pays voisins sur le pays domestique en termes de flux de ressources imposables. Ainsi, nous testons l'hypothèse fondamentale de la littérature sur la concurrence fiscale : le revenu imposable d'un pays dépend de la politique fiscale du pays domestique mais aussi de celles des pays voisins. Ensuite, nous discriminons les pays européens selon leur taille afin de vérifier la théorie de Bucovetsky (1991) prédisant une plus forte élasticité des bases imposables dans les petits pays. Ainsi, nous regardons quelles est l'influence des taux d'imposition des petits et grands pays sur la base imposable des pays européens. Nous calculons également les bases fiscales selon le cas où elles sont localisées dans un grand ou dans un petit pays. Nous utilisons un panel de 25 pays européens sur la période 1995-2007 en utilisant des outils économétriques issue de l'économétrie spatiale. Nous montrons que la tendance commune à la baisse du taux d'imposition sur le profit des sociétés peut être expliquée en partie par l'existence d'externalités fiscales sous la forme de flux internationaux de ressources. Les résultats confirment les travaux empiriques récents sur des études de fonctions de réaction fiscale (Devereux & al 2002, Redoano, 2007). Ainsi les comportements de fixation des taux d'imposition sont interdépendants et est une preuve de la concurrence fiscale en Europe
Taille de pays et croissance en Europe
No full textURL des Documents de travail : http://centredeconomiesorbonne.univ-paris1.fr/bandeau-haut/documents-de-travail/Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 2011.81 - ISSN : 1955-611XIn this paper, we focus on the concept of size of country (or economy). Specifically, within the European Union (EU), we look for growth discrepancies between countries according to their size. We try to explain growth differential using arguments related to the size of countries. Thus, we highlight that the European construction, in particular, the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is an asymmetric process favoring both small countries and the development of non-cooperative growth policies. Among them, we are particularly interested in the introduction of tax competition as a growth policy in some countries. This policy should be seen as an opportunist strategy of small countries harmful for the overall growth of the EU.Dans cet article, nous nous intéresons au concept de la taille d'un pays et d'une économie. Plus précisément, dans le cadre de l'Union Européenne (UE), nous regardons s'il y a des divergences de croissance entre pays en les discriminants par leur taille. Nous tentons d'expliquer le différentiel de croissance en avançant des arguments liés à la taille de pays. Ainsi, nous mettons en avant que la construction européenne, en particulier, l'Union Economique et Monétaire (UEM), est un processus asymétrique favorisant à la fois les petits pays et la mise en place de politiques de croissances non coopératives
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Taille de pays et stratégie de concurrence fiscale des petits pays
Get PDFURL des Documents de travail : http://centredeconomiesorbonne.univ-paris1.fr/bandeau-haut/documents-de-travail/Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 2011.82 - ISSN : 1955-611Xn this paper, we try to understand the economic policies choice of countries in terms of size. According to the case whether a country is large or small, it will have different incentives in the choice of its growth strategy. Theoretically, a large country would prefer use a policy which stimulate its domestic demand while a small country will choose a strategy improving its competitiveness and its attractiveness, because net exports contribute significantly to economic growth. In a monetary union framework, like the euro area, these choices are critical. Thus we highlight the European construction, in particular the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is an asymmetric process promoting both small countries and the implementation of non-cooperative growth policies. Among them, we are particularly interested in the introduction of a tax competition as a growth policy in some countries. This policy should be regarded as an opportunist strategy of small countries harmful to the overall growth of the EU.Dans cet article, nous tentons d'appréhender le choix des politiques économiques des pays à la une du critère de taille. En effet, selon le cas ou un pays est grand ou non, celui-ci aura incitations différentes quant au choix de sa stratégie de croissance. Ainsi théoriquement, un grand pays favorisera plus une politique qui stimule la demande alors qu'un petit optera pour une stratégie améliorant son attractivité et sa compétitivité, les exportations nettes contribuent beaucoup à la croissance économique. Dans le cadre d'une union monétaire telle que la zone euro, ces choix relèvent d'une importance cruciale. Ainsi, nous mettons en avant que la construction européenne, en particulier, l'Union Economique et Monétaire (UEM), est un processus asymétrique favorisant à la fois les petits pays et la mise en place de politiques de croissance non coopératives. Parmi celles-ci, nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement à la mise en place de la concurrence fiscale comme politique de croissance dans certains pays. Cette politique doit être vue comme une stratégie opportuniste des petits pays néfaste pour la croissance globale de l'UE
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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