1,721,040 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Multiscale study of the geochemical behaviour of niobium during weathering
No full textLe niobium (Nb) est un métal rare dont le rôle est considéré comme essentiel pour de nombreux pans de l’industrie, notamment pour son utilisation dans l’industrie des aciers et des nouvelles technologies telles que les superalliages ou les supraconducteurs. La quasi-totalité de la production mondiale provient de deux mines situées au Brésil, faisant de ce métal un matériau critique pour de nombreux états et organisations. Malgré une demande en hausse constante, les processus de concentration du Nb dans les gisements demeurent incertains, rendant l’évaluation de sa criticité potentiellement erronée. La complexité des matériaux formant les principaux gisements actuellement exploités, à savoir les latérites, contribue en partie à cette méconnaissance. Les latérites sont des régolithes épais de quelques dizaines à centaines de mètres d’épaisseur formées par l’altération des roches dans un climat tropical. Dans ce contexte d’altération dite supergène, les minéraux porteurs de Nb tels que les pyrochlore sont considérés comme inaltérables. Ce modèle est néanmoins principalement basé sur des données thermodynamiques anciennes ainsi que sur des observations pétrologiques dans un nombre limité de contextes. Nous proposons dans cette thèse une étude du comportement géochimique du Nb au cours de l’altération afin de déterminer les processus menant à son enrichissement relatif dans les latérites en utilisant une approche multi-échelle afin de comprendre les processus en jeu, depuis l’échelle du profil latéritique jusqu’aux mécanismes moléculaires de lessivage ou de piégeage du niobium par les phases minérales. Deux profils d’altération brésiliens en Amazonie, à Pitinga et Morro dos Seis Lagos ont été sélectionnés afin d’étudier le comportement géochimique du Nb lors de l’altération d’un granite modérément enrichi représentatif de la croûte continentale et de le comparer au cas de l’altération d’une carbonatite telle que celle se produisant dans les gisements de classe-mondiale. Les profils d’altération ont été étudiés sur toute leur profondeur dans une étude suivant la spéciation solide du Nb, c’est-à-dire la forme chimique dans laquelle il se trouve, dans les phases minérales et moyennée à l’échelle de l’horizon. Une telle approche repose sur l’utilisation de la spectroscopie d’absorption des rayons X (XAS) basée sur le rayonnement synchrotron. Une étude systématique des spectres d’absorption de phases minérales de référence naturelles et synthétisées en laboratoire met en évidence la sensibilité des spectres XAS à l’environnement local du Nb, démontrant leur potentiel d’application en milieu naturel multiphasé. La spéciation du Nb est interprétée dans les profils d’altération à l’aide des analyses géochimiques en roche totale, de la diffraction des rayons X et des analyses microscopiques. Malgré les différences géochimiques et minéralogiques entre ces deux profils, le comportement du Nb suit un modèle similaire. L’altération des phases porteuses de Nb des roches mères entraîne la libération du Nb dans le milieu mais sa tendance à coprécipiter avec les oxydes de fer et de titane limite sa mobilité à l’échelle du grain. Néanmoins, la mobilité du Nb s’étend à l’échelle du corps magmatique parent en contexte hydrothermal ou à l’échelle du profil dans des conditions physico-chimiques typiques de la zone de battement de la nappe phréatique. L’altération des pyrochlores de Morro dos Seis Lagos est étudiée à nano-échelle pour comprendre les processus à l’origine de la spéciation inhabituelle du Nb obtenue dans ce profil. Ainsi, ce travail de thèse vise à démontrer qu’une meilleure compréhension du comportement géochimique du Nb et la détermination de sa spéciation dans les gisements latéritiques permettraient une évaluation plus précise de sa criticité et permettrait d’améliorer les processus de [...]Niobium (Nb) is a rare metal that plays an essential role in many areas of industry, particularly in the steel industry and in new technologies such as superalloys and superconductors. Almost all the world’s production comes from two mines in Brazil, making this metal a critical material for many governments and organisations. Despite steadily rising demand, the processes by which Nb is concentrated in deposits remain uncertain, making assessment of its criticality potentially misleading. The complexity of the materials that make up the main deposits currently being mined, namely laterites, contributes in part to this lack of knowledge. Laterites are regoliths several tens to hundreds of metres thick, formed by the weathering of rocks in a tropical climate. In this context of so-called supergene alteration, Nb-bearing minerals such as pyrochlore are considered unalterable. However, this model is mainly based on early thermodynamic data and on petrological observations in a limited number of contexts. In this thesis, we aim to study the geochemical behavior of Nb during weathering processes to determine the mechanisms leading to its relative enrichment in laterites. We adopt a multiscale approach to understand the processes involved, ranging from the laterite profile scale to the molecular mechanisms of Nb leaching or trapping by mineral phases. Two Brazilian alteration profiles in the Amazon region, at Pitinga and Morro dos Seis Lagos, were selected in order to study the geochemical behaviour of Nb during weathering of a moderately enriched granite representative of the continental crust and to compare it with the case of alteration of a carbonatite such as that occurring in world-class deposits. The weathering profiles were studied over their entire depth in a study based on the solid speciation of Nb, i.e. the chemical form in which it is found, in the mineral phases and averaged over the horizon. Such an approach relies on the use of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) based on synchrotron radiation. A systematic study of the absorption spectra of natural and laboratory-synthesized reference mineral phases has highlighted the sensitivity of XAS spectra to the local Nb environment, demonstrating their potential application in multiphase natural environments. Niobium speciation is interpreted in weathering profiles using bulk rock geochemical analysis, X-ray diffraction and microscopic analysis. Although the geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of the Pitinga and Morro dos Seis Lagos laterites are different, the behaviour of Nb follows a similar pattern. Weathering of the Nb-bearing phases of the source rocks releases Nb into the environment, but its tendency to co-precipitate with iron and titanium oxides restricts its mobility at grain scale. Nevertheless, the mobility of Nb extends to the scale of the parent magma body or the profile in a hydrothermal context or under physico-chemical conditions typical of the water table. The weathering of the Morro dos Seis Lagos pyrochlores is studied at the nanoscale in order to understand the processes behind the unusual speciation of Nb obtained in this profile. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that a better understanding of the geochemical behaviour of Nb and the determination of its speciation in lateritic deposits would enable a more accurate assessment of its criticality and improve ore treatment processes
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
