1,721,127 research outputs found
Beyond Epinal Images: Neighborly Relationships in French Peri-urban Rural Communes
No full textMalgré l’ampleur des transformations du monde rural (effondrement de la population agricole et recomposition sociale de la population avec l’augmentation des mobilités, moindre différenciation des modes de vie), l’espace rural est toujours associé, dans les représentations, à un espace dans lequel les habitants sont fortement intégrés. A l’inverse, les espaces périurbains, souvent réduits à l’habitat pavillonnaire et à la dépendance automobile, apparaissent comme des lieux où les relations de voisinage sont résiduelles. Cet article propose d’aller au-delà de ces images très schématiques en explorant le cas de communes rurales récemment devenues périurbaines, Marolles-sur-Seine (1800 habitants en 2016) située en Seine-et-Marne, à près de 90 km de Paris et La Bâtie-Montgascon (1900 habitants) située à 70 km de Lyon. Dans ces deux communes, on retrouve un trait marquant à la fois du périurbain et du rural : la prédominance de maisons individuelles occupées par leurs propriétaires. Or l’habitat individuel est généralement associé au repli sur la sphère domestique, au retrait dans le confort émollient du foyer. L’enquête réalisée confirme ce que d’autres travaux ethnographiques sur les relations de voisinage dans l’habitat individuel avaient déjà montré : ces relations sont loin d’être inexistantes. L’enquête va toutefois plus loin et montre que, dans les contextes de Marolles et de La Bâtie, ces relations sont plutôt plus intenses qu’ailleurs. Les caractéristiques des trajectoires résidentielles éclairent le fort engagement dans la sociabilité locale : ceux qui sont connus une ascension en devenant notamment propriétaire d’une maison et les ménages installés depuis 10 ans et plus voisinent davantage que la moyenne. In spite of profound transformations affecting rural worlds, i.e. a decline in the number of people working in agriculture; social reconfiguration marked by increased mobility and diminished specificity of rural lifestyle, the rural space continues to be entrenched in popular representations as an environment fostering strong community ties among its denizens. In stark contrast, peri-urban locales, often narrowly defined by individual housing and car dependency, are commonly perceived as spaces where neighborly relations tend to be limited. This article endeavors to nuance these simplistic portrayals by delving into the dynamics of two rural municipalities which recently became peri-urban: Marolles-sur-Seine (1800 inhabitants), situated in Seine-et-Marne, approximately 90 km from Paris, and La Bâtie-Montgascon (1900 inhabitants), located 70 km from Lyon. These two municipalities exhibit a distinctive characteristic emblematic of both peri-urban and rural landscapes ‒ namely, the prevalence of individual houses owned by their occupiers. Such individual housing is typically associated with a retreat into the domestic sphere and the cocooning comfort of the home. Yet, our inquiry substantiates a prior ethnographic research positing that neighborhood relations are far from nonexistent within low-density residential neighborhoods. Moreover, the survey results go further, revealing that, within Marolles and La Bâtie, such relations are notably more intense than in other contexts. Residential trajectories are a key explanation of this commitment to local sociability. Notably, individuals who have experienced upward mobility, particularly through homeownership, and households which have existed in these municipalities for a decade or more exhibit higher propensity for neighbourhood relations.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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