1,721,544 research outputs found
SEASTAR: A mission to study ocean submesoscale dynamics and small-scale atmosphere-ocean processes in coastal, shelf and polar seas
Full text linkSEASTAR is a new satellite mission concept that addresses a critical observational gap for synoptic maps of ocean surface currents and wind vectors at 1km spatial resolution that is critical to understand, model and forecast ocean submesoscale dynamics, air-sea interactions and small-scale processes in coastal, shelf and polar seas. High- resolution ocean colour and sea surface temperature images reveal an abundance of fronts, swirls, vortices and filaments at scales between 1-10 km but measurements of ocean surface dynamics at these scales are rare. Complex sea surface temperature patterns and dramatic phytoplankton blooms are fingerprints of dynamic atmosphere-ocean interactions and intense upper ocean vertical processes taking place at small scales. Upper ocean vertical transports and air-sea exchanges represent critical connections within the Earth system, for example as pathways for the uptake by the ocean of heat and anthropogenic atmospheric CO2, and the replenishment with nutrient-rich deep waters of the upper ocean that sustains the marine ecosystem and ocean food chain. Improved spaceborne observations of currents, winds and waves are urgently needed to improve understanding of these processes and validate and improve models that are used for operational predictions and future climate projections
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Subsurface-intensified oceanic vortices : impact on the sea-surface and mutual interactions
No full textLes tourbillons océaniques de subsurface sont des structures dynamiques qui peuplent l'océan global. Ils sont souvent générés à partir de courants d'échanges entre les bassins d'évaporation semi-fermés (comme la Mer Méditerranée, la Mer Rouge et le Golfe Persique) et l'océan ouvert ou pendant des processus de convection profonde. Ces tourbillons peuvent maintenir une géométrie cohérente sur des échelles de temps pluriannuelles et sont capables, du fait de leur migration, de transporter des quantités significatives de chaleur, sel et nutriments. Les tourbillons de subsurface contribuent donc à la redistribution tridimensionnelle des traceurs océaniques à échelle globale, d'où l'intérêt de connaître leurs positions et déplacements.En général, les tourbillons sont capables de modifier localement la surface de la mer, en générant des anomalies qui permettent leur suivi à travers des observations satellitaires. Notre étude se base sur l'utilisation de modèles analytiques et numériques pour caractériser les signatures induites à la surface par les tourbillons de subsurface; en particulier les anomalies de l'élévation (SSH), de température (SST) et de salinité (SSS) de la surface océanique.D'abord, nous avons étudié les signatures de surface (en SSH) dans un cadre idéalisé. Leurs propriétés ont été mises en relation avec la structure tridimensionnelle des tourbillons, nous permettant de déterminer que seulement les tourbillons de subsurface de meso-échelle océanique sont détectables via les observations altimétriques actuelles. En outre, en utilisant un modèle réaliste, nous avons étudié les signatures de surface des tourbillons d'eau méditerranéenne (MEDDIES) en termes de SSH, SST et SSS. L'étude a mis en évidence des différences entre les signatures en SSH et les signatures thermohalines: les premières montrent des intensités et des structures horizontales toujours liées aux changements structurels des Meddies, alors que les deuxièmes sont plutôt pilotées par la dynamique locale de surface.Enfin, nos résultats montrent que le suivi automatique des tourbillons de subsurface est plutôt envisageable à partir des techniques altimétriques, en valorisant aussi l'apport des futures missions satellitaires à haute résolution, comme SWOT.Subsurface-intensified vortices are ubiquitous in the world ocean. They are often generated by water mass exchanges between semi-closed evaporation basins (e.g.: Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf) and the open ocean or during deep convection processes. These vortices can maintain a coherent geometry during inter-annual timescales and, due to their migration, they are able to carry large amounts of heat, salt and nutrients. Hence, the class of subsurface-intensified vortices participates to the redistribution of oceanic tracers along the three dimensions and at global scale, justifying the interest in determining their positions and mean pathways in the ocean. In general, vortices are able to locally modify the ocean surface generating anomalies that allow one to track them via satellite sensors. Our study, based on the use of analytical and numerical models, deals with the characterization of the sea-surface anomalies generated by subsurface-intensified vortices in terms of Sea-Surface Height (the elevation of the oceanic free-surface, SSH), Sea-Surface Temperature (SST) and Sea-Surface Salinity (SSS).In a first analysis, we have studied the SSH anomalies generated by subsurface vortices in an idealized context. Their properties have been related to the three-dimensional structure of the vortex, allowing us to state that only subsurface mesoscale vortices can be detected by the presentday altimetric observations. Furthermore, using a realistic model, we have studied the sea-surface expression of Mediterranean Water Eddies (MEDDIES) in SSH, SST and SSS. The study has evidenced the main differences between the Meddies-induced SSH anomalies and their thermohaline surface anomalies (i.e., SST and SSS): the first exhibit horizontal structures and intensities that can always be related to the Meddy structural changes at depth, while the second are mostly driven by the local surface dynamics.These studies show that the automatic tracking of subsurface-intensified vortices is mostly possible in an altimetric perspective, further confirming the importance of future high-resolution altimetric satellite missions, like SWOT
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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