1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Traitements chimiques du Ge en vue de sa passivation, de son reconditionnement et de la réutilisation de substrats pour la fabricationde nanomembranes de Ge
No full textChemical treatment of germanium surfaces for passivation, reconditioning and substrate reuse Photovoltaic (PV) energy is playing an increasingly significant role in the energy mix. However, challenges such as production intermittency restrict its widespread use. Space-Based Solar Power (SBSP) emerges as a potential complementary alternative to terrestrial PV, harnessing solar energy through satellites equipped with solar cells. Among solar technologies, multijunction cells (MJSCs) based on germanium (Ge) substrates and III-V materials stand out for their efficiency. However, the use of Ge limits their exploitation due to its scarcity and high cost. This thesis focuses on the "Porous germanium Efficient Epitaxial LayEr Release" (PEELER) technology to create germanium nanomembranes (NMs) by porosifying the Ge substrate and epitaxial growth, enabling the reduction of Ge usage and production costs for these cells. Two main issues are addressed in this thesis: surface preparation for Ge membrane passivation and the reuse of the parent substrate after the initial manufacturing cycle.The thesis explores the influence of HF and HCl-based acid cleans on the chemical composition and band structure of the Ge surface. Results show that these cleans induce significant modifications in the band curvature of the Ge surface, resulting in positive band curvatures post-treatment and the removal of surface oxides. Additionally, this work contributes to a better understanding of surface oxidation phenomena related to Ge surface exposure to ambient air and their impact on passivation quality. These findings are crucial for understanding surface passivation phenomena and improving the lifetime of minority carriers in Ge. Furthermore, the thesis aims to develop a chemical reconditioning approach for substrates after membrane detachment within the PEELER framework. An etching solution based on HF, H 2 O 2 , and water proves effective in removing broken pillar residues left by mechanical membrane detachment and reducing the surface roughness of the substrate, enabling its reuse for a new manufacturing cycle. Moreover, the thesis demonstrates the multiple reuse of these substrates after reconditioning, enabling a cycling of the PEELER approach while allowing the sequential production of Ge membranes for MJSC development. This approach offers an industrializable and cost-effective alternative to chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP), leading to cost reduction and a decrease in the amount of Ge used in solar cell manufacturing.L’énergie photovoltaïque (PV) occupe une place croissante dans le mix énergétique. Cependant ses défis, tels que l’inconstance de la production, restreignent son utilisation à grande échelle. Le solaire spatial (Space Based Solar Power, SBSP) se présente comme une potentielle alternative complémentaire au PV terrestre, exploitant l’énergie solaire via des satellites équipés de cellules solaires. Parmi les technologies solaires, les cellules multi-jonctions (MJSCs) à base de substrats de germanium (Ge) et de matériaux III-V se distinguent de part leur efficacité. Ce- pendant, l’utilisation de Ge limite leur exploitation en raison de sa rareté et de son coût élevé. La présente thèse se concentre sur la technologie Porous germanium Efficient Epitaxial LayEr Release (PEELER) pour créer des nanomembranes (NMs) de Ge par porosification du substrat de Ge et croissance épitaxiale permettant la réduction de la quantité de Ge utilisée ainsi que les coûts de production de ces cellules. Deux problématiques principales sont abordées dans ces travaux de thèse : la préparation de surface en vue de la passivation de la membrane de Ge et la réutilisation du substrat parent après le premier cycle de fabrication. Ces travaux de thèse explorent l’influence des nettoyages acides à base de HF et HCl sur la composition chimique de la surface du Ge ainsi que sur sa structure de bandes. Les résultats montrent que ces nettoyages induisent des modifications significatives de la courbure de bande de la surface du Ge, induisant des courbures de bandes positives après traitement ainsi qu’une élimination des oxydes en surface. De plus, ces travaux ont contribué à une meilleure compré- hension des phénomènes d’oxydation de surface liés à l’exposition à l’air ambiant des surfaces de Ge et leur impact sur la qualité de passivation. Ces résultats sont d’une haute importance pour la compréhension des phénomènes de passivation de surface et l’amélioration de la durée de vie de porteurs minoritaires dans le Ge. Par ailleurs, ces travaux de thèses visent au développement d’une approche de reconditionnement chimique des substrats après le détachement de la membrane dans le cadre de l’approche PEELER. Une solution de gravure à base de HF, H2O2, et d’eau s’est révélée efficace pour éliminer les résidus de piliers cassés laissés par le détachement mécanique de la membrane et réduire la rugosité de surface de ce substrat, permettant sa réuti- lisation pour un nouveau cycle de fabrication. De plus, il est démontré la réutilisation multiple de ces substrats après le reconditionnement permettant un cyclage de l’approche PEELER tout en permettant la production séquentielle de membranes de Ge pouvant être utilisées pour le dé- veloppement de MJSCs. Cette approche offre une alternative industrialisable et économique au polissage mécanique-chimique (CMP) tout en permettant une réduction des coûts ainsi qu’une réduction de la quantité de Ge utilisée pour la fabrication de ces cellules solaires
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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