1,721,491 research outputs found
La Fortuna Costa Rica, Costa Rica International Experience 2013
No full text2013. International Experienc
Putting the pea in photoPEAriod
No full textWith an increasing human population, we are facing the need to grow more food, potentially expanding the environmental tolerances of our staple crops (Godfray et al., 2010; Campbell et al., 2016). The barriers to this include temperature, rainfall, soil type, daylength, and seasonality. In this issue, Williams et al., in their study entitled ‘The genetic architecture of flowering time changes in pea from wild to crop’, advance our understanding of crop adaptation to photoperiod by revealing the genetic basis of photoperiod sensitivity in peas
Transcriptome sequencing and marker development for four underutilized legumes
No full textPREMISE OF THE STUDY:Combating threats to food and nutrition security in the context of climate change and global population increase is one of the highest priorities of major international organizations. Hundreds of species are grown on a small scale in some of the most drought/flood-prone regions of the world and as such may harbor some of the most environmentally tolerant crops (and alleles). •METHODS AND RESULTS:In this study, transcriptomes were sequenced, assembled, and annotated for four underutilized legume crops. Microsatellite markers were identified in each species, as well as a conserved orthologous set of markers for cross-family phylogenetics and comparative mapping, which were ground-truthed on a panel of diverse legume germplasm. •CONCLUSIONS:An understanding of these underutilized legumes will inform crop selection and breeding by allowing the investigation of genetic variation and the genetic basis of adaptive traits to be established
Population genetic analysis of hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet, Leguminosae) indicates an East African origin and variation in drought tolerance
No full textPopulation genetic studies are effective ways of researching the origin of, and genetic variation within, crop species, with a view to breeding for increased tolerances or novel traits. This is particularly important now that we are facing climate change and an increasing global population. Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet (hyacinth bean) is an underutilised legume that has the potential of being an important crop species in the future due to its enhanced environmental tolerances relative to other legumes. It is farmed extensively, but locally, throughout Africa and Asia, however limited research and development of the crop has been undertaken so far, hence an investigation into its origin and diversity is warranted. Our microsatellite analysis suggests an East African origin of Lablab because of the genetic similarities between East African lines and the wild subspecies, subsp. uncinatus. The East African lines were also more genetically diverse. Two chloroplast DNA haplotypes were resolved and Africa was the only continent where both were present, again suggesting an African origin followed by the dissemination of lines outside of Africa coupled with a reduction in genetic diversity. Variation in tolerance to drought was recorded, with some lines able to tolerate 14 days without watering. In sum, we propose an East African origin of Lablab and have identified potential adaptive diversity for future crop breeding attempts
Identifying genomic regions targeted during eggplant domestication using transcriptome data
No full textIdentifying genes and traits that have diverged during domestication provides key information of importance for maintaining and even increasing yield and nutrients in existing crops. A "bottom-up"population genetics approach was used to identify signatures of selection across the eggplant genome, to better understand the process of domestication. RNA-seq data were obtained for 4 wild eggplants (Solanum insanum L.) and 16 domesticated eggplants (S. melongena L.) and mapped to the eggplant genome. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) exhibiting signatures of selection in domesticates were identified as those exhibiting high FST between the 2 populations (evidence of significant divergence) and low πfor the domesticated population (indicative of a selective sweep). Some of these regions appear to overlap with previously identified quantitative trait loci for domestication traits. Genes in regions of linkage disequilibrium surrounding these SNPs were searched against the Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato genomes to find orthologs. Subsequent gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified over-representation of GO terms related to photosynthesis and response to the environment. This work reveals genomic changes involved in eggplant domestication and improvement, and how this compares to observed changes in the tomato genome, revealing shared chromosomal regions involved in the domestication of both species.</p
Data from: Transcriptome sequencing and marker development for four underutilized legumes
No full textPremise of the study: Combating threats to food and nutrition security in the context of climate change and global population increase is one of the highest priorities of major international organizations. Hundreds of species are grown on a small scale in some of the most drought/flood-prone regions of the world and as such may harbor some of the most environmentally tolerant crops (and alleles). Methods and Results: In this study, transcriptomes were sequenced, assembled, and annotated for four underutilized legume crops. Microsatellite markers were identified in each species, as well as a conserved orthologous set of markers for cross-family phylogenetics and comparative mapping, which were ground-truthed on a panel of diverse legume germplasm. Conclusions: An understanding of these underutilized legumes will inform crop selection and breeding by allowing the investigation of genetic variation and the genetic basis of adaptive traits to be established.,Lablab purpureus transcriptome assemblyLablab purpureus transcriptome assemblyLapuTrinityEd.fastaLathyrus sativus transcriptome assemblyLathyrus sativus transcriptome assemblyLasaTrinityEd.fastaPsophocarpus tetragonolobus transcriptome assemblyPsophocarpus tetragonolobus transcriptome assemblyPsteTrinityEd.fastaVigna subterranea transcriptome assemblyVigna subterranea transcriptome assemblyVisuTrinityEd.fasta</span
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