1,721,023 research outputs found
An auto/biographical study of family and history with reference to the concept of Bildung
No full textPerceptions of control in people with acute low back pain
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study was to investigate how people with acute low back pain respond to this common symptom and whether they perceive themselves able to influence their back pain episode.Method: A total of 272 home visits were undertaken with 64 participants. The primary outcome measures for this study were the Multi-dimensional Health Locus of Control forms A (general) and C (condition-specific).Results: Participants' perceptions of control over their back pain changed over time and were not synonymous with their perceptions about general health. Sex differences were evident, with men perceiving a greater influence of powerful others and chance factors in their acute back pain than women participants.Conclusion: When people develop back pain, their psychological make-up influences how they respond. Locus of control may be a factor affecting this response and is likely to form part of a broader issue of ‘perceived control over health'. The clinical implications for physiotherapists are discussed
The influence of assessments on students’ motivation to learn in a therapy degree
No full textThe shift from diploma to degree courses in therapy education has meant that more attention is now being given to the evaluation of assessments that are used in therapy education. This paper reports a study that attempts to examine the influence of assessments on student motivation to learn in an undergraduate therapy degree. In March 1997 a questionnaire was distributed to all the third year Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy students at the Southampton University School of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy (98 in total). Using Likert scales and open questions the questionnaire required the students to consider all the assessments they had taken in their three years of study and provide information regarding which type of assessment they found most motivating for their learning and why. Of the 98 questionnaires that were distributed 43 were returned. The data from these questionnaires were used to calculate how many first, second and third rankings each assessment obtained and thus identify what type of assessments students found motivating for their learning. The responses to the Likert scale and open questions were used to identify common reasons why students found an assessment motivating or not. The results reveal that the students responded positively to a wide range of assessments. Whilst a number of factors are identified as influencing assessment preferences, the perceived clinical relevance of an assessment appears to be a key factor in determining students' motivation. Limitations of the study are identified along with implications for future work
Occupational therapy students' approaches to learning: considering the impact of culture
Full text linkLearning approaches describe the way individuals approach tasks or learning situations and are influenced by individual characteristics and specific learning contexts. Cultural factors are likely to impact on various aspects of learning, yet the literature disagrees over the extent to which culture influences approaches to learning. With increasing cultural diversity in student cohorts and the contributions of western therapists to occupational therapy programmes in developing nations, this issue is worthy of exploration within the context of pre-registration education.The Approaches to Study Inventory (ASI) was used to explore differences in the approaches to learning of UK and Bangladeshi occupational therapy students studying in their home countries. Significant differences between the groups revealed that the Bangladeshi students display both stronger tendencies for deep approaches to learning (p <0.05) and for less integrated superficial approaches to learning (p < 0.05). This apparent contradiction required careful consideration.There is no single ‘correct’ way to learn. This study’s results reinforce the need for cultural sensitivity in not only clinical, but educational contexts. The cultural biases underpinning the constructs of deep and superficial learning approaches are explored. Educators are encouraged to recognise the potential for culture to influence how students engage within the learning environment and how they themselves construct the learning opportunities. <br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Literacy levels required to complete routinely used patient-reported outcome measures in rheumatology
No full textObjective. To assess the reading levels required to complete patient-reported outcome measures (PROs)commonly used in rheumatology clinical and research settings.Methods. Ten PROs written in English were evaluated. Four reviewers critiqued each measure blindlyusing two standardized readability indexes and a final readability score for each PRO was agreed.Results. Only six of the PROs met the recommended reading level for health education literature.Conclusion. Many people completing PROs will not be able to understand what they are answering andwill be unable to give an accurate perspective on their condition.Key words: patient-reported outcome measures, reading levels, literacy, FOG Index
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