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Information, meaning and context
No full textShannon’s 1948 paper on the mathematical theory of information provides the foundation for understanding and engineering communication links, and for that reason alone should be seen as a classic work of the information age. Arguments have raged, however, as to whether and in what way it has significance beyond engineering. This chapter supports a wider relevance of Shannon’s work by bringing together the insights of layered architectures as used by communications engineers and the concept of ‘meaning’ from semiotics to suggest that the ‘selective information’ of Shannon and ‘semantic information’ are of the same nature
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Introduction
No full textThis chapter sets the scene for the book, explaining why it is needed and what it aims to achieve. [Sections: The crucial role of information in society; Information through many academic lenses; Approach of this book
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Conclusion
No full textHans Christian von Baeyer described ‘information’ as the new language of science (Von Baeyer, 2003). That idea is witnessed by Chapter 10 of this book, where Nixon has discussed some ways in which quantum mechanics brushes up against information concepts. The language of information is used increasingly in fields outside science, however, and other chapters of this book have explored a number of them. There is today a research effort directed at deriving a unified theory of information (see, for example, Hofkirchner, 2010) but this book has no such ambition. Our aims in this book are somewhat more modest: our goal is to share insights between disciplines in the hope of learning from one another so that we can speak the language of information more fluently
Japan in Australia: Culture, Context and Connections
No full textJapan in Australia is a work of cultural history that focuses on context and connection between two nations. It examines how Japan has been imagined, represented and experienced in the Australian context through a variety of settings, historical periods and circumstances
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Organizational culture in the adoption of the Bologna process: a study of academic staff at a Ukrainian university
No full textThe growing influence of the Bologna Process on higher education around the world has raised concerns about the applicability of this set of reforms in diverse cultural contexts. Ukraine provides an instructive case study highlighting the dynamics occurring at the convergence of the new framework with a state-centered model of higher education. The goal of this study was to examine the professional identity of faculty at one Ukrainian university and their perceptions regarding the implementation of Bologna at their institution. Authors found that instructional and institutional innovations were successfully implemented only to the extent that they were integrated with the existing pattern of values and beliefs held by faculty. These findings provide insight for how other countries may approach Bologna compatibility in the presence of social and cultural forces divergent from those in which the Bologna process originate
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