96 research outputs found
The Great ‘Anti-politics’ Progress Machine: Mega-Infrastructure Projects, Disenchanted Institutional Change and Dramas of Grabbed Commons
No full textA Study on Organizational Building of Cambodian Development-Oriented NGOs : A Focus on Determinants of Capacity-Building and Project Success
No full textRefining Effectuality of Development Aid: Donors’ Malfeasances
No full text2007-12International development assistance has worked to improve the lives of the poor in developing countries. Yet, greater and better aid is badly needed lest donors are to live up to the commitments of the Millennium Development Goals. This article examines ways for donors to refine their assistance within the international aid system. Research exhibits that aid is of poor impact due to: less deployment to the poorest countries because of geopolitical and commercial reasons; less allocation to investments that directly address poverty; high volatility which impedes development planning of recipient countries; conditionality to donor goods and services that are over-priced and render piecemeal institutional development of recipient governments; fragmentation of competitive donor objectives which hinders a concerted resolve to corroborate a recipient development strategy; and limited systematic evaluation and sharing of outcomes. Provided donors are to allocate and manage aid in a more effectual manner, thereby to attribute to the levered well-being of the poor, they thus need to tackle these malfeasances without hiatus.departmental bulletin pape
Strengthening NGO Accountability through Beneficiary Participation : Lessons Learned from Two Cambodian NGOs
No full textA Study on Organizational Building of Cambodian Development-Oriented NGOs : A Focus on Determinants of Capacity-Building and Project Success
No full text2002-09Based on the analysis of empirical results of a questionnaire survey conducted with thirty Cambodian development-oriented NGOs engaging in diverse program activities, this paper identifies that success and effectiveness of grassroots projects of Cambodian developmentoriented NGOs essentially relies on adequate financial resources and competent human resources, plus strong organizational leadership and networking with other NGOs. Moreover, organizations that concentrate on a small number of program areas and projects prove to be effective and capacitated. These findings indicate that Cambodian developmentoriented NGOs place a heavy emphasis on financial and human resources, leadership and networking rather than on other components which also enumerate project success（i.e. organizational structure, commitment of project staff, and other integral elements of external environment）. However, a review of the weakest determinants of project success and capacity indicates there are the least prioritized areas for improvement, mirroring the typical organizational limitations of Cambodian development-oriented NGOs: strong male domination, weak knowledge and application of gender and participation concepts and analysis, imprecise organizational philosophy, and leader-driven and hierarchical management. The analysis additionally unveils that to increase grassroots project success, Cambodian development NGOs need to improve not only the budget base and human capacities but organizational structure（i.e. an organizational vision, mission and strategies; gender allocation in staffing; and decision-making processes）and beneficiary involvement as well. In this sense, it is emphasized that the most-needed-to-improve capacities for Cambodian development-oriented NGOs are in the area of eradicating these weak aspects of organizational characteristics. The paper therefore concludes that Cambodian NGOs’ capacity-building must be based on development of their organizations, in addition to two fundamental conditions for their capacity-building: financial and human resource improvements.departmental bulletin pape
Strengthening NGO Accountability through Beneficiary Participation : Lessons Learned from Two Cambodian NGOs
No full text2004-02Now that NGOs are inclined to better identify and respond to beneficiary needs so as to secure program accountability, this paper addresses the role of beneficiary participation performed in this quest. Grounded on an analysis of two development projects in Cambodia, the study asserts that ability of beneficiaries to hold NGOs accountable in this stance seems to be determined by a ‘meaningful’ participation process which emphasizes their early inclusion (i.e., from the identification phase) and ‘broad’ involvement, and which most of all provides greater essence to ‘transformative’ mechanisms (i.e., shared decision making, collaboration and empowerment). In furtherance, the data appear that‘seniority’and\‘organizational affiliation’instill emphatic determination on the accountability-demanding ability.departmental bulletin pape
Internal Migration in Cambodia
No full textpeer reviewedWith a population of 16 million, Cambodia experienced political and social upheaval during the twentieth century, which impacted the intensity and pattern of internal migration. Internal migration data have been collected systematically since 1998 through decennial censuses, with questions on lifetime migration, last move, duration of residence and reasons for move. Census data show that Cambodian mobility is close to the Asian average, with an ACMI approaching 16.1% in 2008, down from 18.4% in 1998. Data on duration of residence suggest that migration intensity has varied over time in response to conflict, political events and economic reforms. Cambodians display early migration profiles, with intensities peaking at age 22 for inter-provincial migrants and age 23 for intra-provincial migrants, with employment a significant driver. High levels of migration effectiveness, coupled with moderate intensities underpin substantial population redistribution, with 3.8% of Cambodians redistributed between districts in the five years to 2008. While flows to Phnom Penh are significant, there are large flows to less populated rural upland regions. Indeed, flows to rural areas are a dominant feature of migration in Cambodia, underscoring the limitations of the urban transition as the sole lens for migration analysis in Asia
Territorial control, dispossession and resistance : the political economy of large-scale mining in Asia
No full textHeightened depletion of mineral reserves, emerging technologies of extraction and sustained demand have propelled multinational companies to explore new sites of extraction, which are increasingly located in remote corners of the globe. This chapter discusses the political economy of the land-mining nexus within the specific context of Asia. While several countries in the region exemplify the chapter’s arguments, the case of Mongolia, one of the most mineral rich country in the region, is presented in the last section of the chapter. We argue that territorial control achieved through mineral rights is embedded in multiple layers of interests and institutions, with significant implications to local – often marginalised – communities. Beyond state rights, a number of local, national and international actors with plural and often contradictory interests – such as corporations, national and local elites, armed actors, donors, international development banks and civil society – are also involved in crafting, implementing and contesting mining regimes, a process that speaks to the transnational nature of the sector. In turn, the complexity of the governance regimes around mining and land governance is analysed with a specific focus on how these regimes shape the livelihood of local communities around large-scale mining projects
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