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Nationalism of Chang Ping-lin
Full text linkChang Ping-lin was purhaps the greatest of advocates of nationalism at the end of the Ch'ing. The present article traces the formation of his nationalism and its subsequent changes. Part I describes how he clarified his anti-Manchu principle freeing himself from the thought of K'ang Yu-wei and others. Part II describes his doctorine at the time of the Su-pao incident and during the period when he was the Editor of the Min-pao
Changping (China), farmer with hoe
No full textPeiping [Beijing] to Chang Ping [Changping]. Chang Ping [Changping] farmerGrayscalePendleton nitrate negative, Box 2 of 38
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Changping (China), farmer with village buildings in background
No full textPeiping [Beijing] to Chang Ping [Changping]. Ruined gale, Chang Ping [Changping]GrayscalePendleton nitrate negative, Box 2 of 38
愛滋病的視網膜病變
No full text約四分之三的愛滋病患者在病程中眼睛會受波及，眼科醫師在愛滋病患的醫療團對中 在維持其生活品質與獨立生活上具有重要地位。常見的眼部表現包括：微細血管病變 、機會性感染、腫瘤與神經眼科學的病變。視網膜微細血管病變包括棉絮狀斑點及網 膜內出血，一般不會有什麼症狀，而且會隨時間而消失。巨細胞病毒（ cytomegalovirus，CMV）視網膜炎是最常見的機會性傳染，在約20〜45%的病 人發生，初期可無症狀只有輕微飛蚊症。眼底可見特徵性的表現－網膜壞死的白點或 白斑及其周圍之出血，常沿血管弧分佈，繼而病灶逐漸擴大，波及黃斑部或視神經造 成失明。診斷以眼底像為主，多鍊反應在不典型的病歷或有幫助。其治療 為先用靜脈注射ganciclovir或foscarnet加以控制，再終生用維持劑量維持。口服 ganciclovir可以用做維持性治療。壞死的網膜萎縮、變薄，可出現多發性裂孔，在 五分之一的病患造成網膜剝離。愛滋病的腫瘤最常見的是眼瞼或結膜的卡波西氏肉瘤 ，而神經眼科學的病變最常見的是中樞神經腫瘤或機會性感染引發的控制眼肌肉的腦 神經麻痺，及視野缺損或視力模糊等。愛滋病患者的淚液曾查出有HIV的病毒，眼科 醫師檢查病人應注意自己手部有無傷口，又接觸病人淚液的儀器在病人與病人間應充 分消毒
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Chang Ping-Lin (1869-1936): A political radical and cultural conservative.
No full textAlthough Chang Ping-lin is well-known for his role in the revolutionary movement that culminated in the termination of imperial rule in 1911, he is more often remembered as a prominent classical scholar. His life and thought illustrates the uneasy relationship between political revolution and cultural conservatism among the intellectuals of his generation, and his advocacy of preserving the national essence paved the way for the far-reaching National Essence Movement in the early twentieth century. This dissertation, thus, represents a study of the tension between politics and culture among Chinese intellectuals and the significance of cultural conservatism during that era. Chang's concern to preserve the national essence was not only because he was a classical scholar, and therefore, felt a responsibility to uphold classical teachings, but also because he believed it was essential for the survival of the nation. Under pressure from Western powers, Chang was afraid that Chinese culture was threatened with extinction. In order to prevent foreign conquest, Chang believed that reform or revolution in China was necessary, and that the most important mission of the reformer or revolutionary was to preserve her unique culture. Therefore, he gave priority to the preservation of the national essence over that of the nation. The latter was important only because it was needed to save the former. And reform or revolution was in turn necessary to save the nation. Chang's lifelong commitment to the preservation of the national essence manifested itself in his two careers: one as a political activist and the other as a classical scholar. Even after the establishment of the Republic of China, Chang remained active in the political arena. He continued to speak out against whatever he perceived to endanger China's sovereignty or its culture. Apart from his involvement in politics, Chang also devoted himself to teaching and the study of China's rich cultural heritage. This effort to preserve the national essence was the most consistent thread in his life
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