1,720,966 research outputs found
The NHS performance assessment framework as a balanced scorecard approach: limitations and implications
No full textPurpose: the use of the balanced scorecard has been subject to increasing scrutiny and criticism in academic literature. The purpose of this paper is to explore the limitations of, and implications for, the Performance Assessment Framework (PAF) as a balanced scorecard approach in the NHS. Although Kaplan and Norton suggested that the balanced scorecard can be adapted for strategic performance management purposes in the public sector, this study aims to argue that such claims fail to give sufficient weight to the political context in which a public sector organization operates.
Design/methodology/approach: semi-structured interviews were employed to investigate the perceptions about the PAF of local managers and whether and how they incorporated central government's performance targets into their local operations within two health authorities. Furthermore, in order to examine these two health authorities' performance measurement practices, documents relating to their internal performance reports and local delivery plans were analysed.
Findings: empirical findings drawn from local health authorities indicate that the use of the PAF was primarily for legitimacy seeking purposes rather than for rational performance improvement. For central government, the PAF was used to make the performance of the NHS visible to the public so that the public would receive the signal that central government has attempted to deliver government mandates. For local health authority managers, in order to seek legitimacy from central government, imposed performance indicators were incorporated into their local performance measurement practice. However, the use of the PAF was symbolic and ceremonial and had little impact on improving performance valued by local managers in NHS.
Originality/value: this study agrees with institutional theorists' argument that the use of performance measurement systems should take into account politics and power faced by an organization. In the NHS, performance measurement might be used by local NHS organizations primarily as a ceremonial means of demonstrating their symbolic commitment for legitimacy seeking purpose
Managerial responses to externally imposed performance measurement: an institutional theory perspective
No full textOn the Transient Contact Behaviors of Automatic Ball Balancers
No full text滾珠型自動平衡裝置具有在高於系統自然振頻的大範圍轉速下平衡振動的能力，因此在不定負荷的旋轉機械中已有廣泛的應用，然而仍一直有性能表現一致性不佳的缺點。本研究以探討雙滾珠自動平衡裝置之暫態行為特性為目標，藉由赫茲接觸理論與有限元素法所建構之接觸參數模型，來建立滾珠與滾珠之間、滾珠與軌道之間的接觸關係；並經由改變滾珠初始位置所得的暫態模擬結果，來計算系統收斂時間及最大振幅之變異情況，以觀察系統性能表現的一致程度。再經由特性參數之敏感度分析，顯示等效定子質量及軌道黏滯液阻尼係數對系統收斂時間的影響較大，系統等效阻尼係數及等效定子質量則對最大振幅有較大的影響，而碰撞次數的最大影響參數則為軌道黏滯液阻尼係數，其結果期望能提供設計工程師在設定系統參數數值及改良時的參考。Being capable of balancing vibration at speeds higher than the natural frequency, automatic ball balancers have been widely used in rotary machinery with uncertain imbalance. However, it suffers from inconsistent performance in real operations. The purpose of this research is to analyze transient contact behaviors of two-ball balancers. Using Hertz contact theory and finite element analysis, contact models are established for collisions between balls and those between balls and the race. Consistency of system performance is investigated by observing the variation of convergent time and the largest vibration amplitude by transient simulation under changing initial conditions of balls. Based on the results, the effects of system parameters on transient behaviors are realized. It is found that mass of the stator and race damping have significant influence on convergent time, whereas system damping and mass of the stator have strong effect on the largest amplitude of system vibration. Changing race damping are influential on the number of collision. The results are expected to facilitate the settings of system parameters design improvement.口試委員會審定書.................................................................................... i
誌謝........................................................................................................... ii
中文摘要.................................................................................................. iv
英文摘要................................................................................................... v
目錄.......................................................................................................... vi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與目的.......................................................................... 1
1.2 文獻回顧...................................................................................... 2
1.2.1 自動平衡裝置簡介............................................................... 2
1.2.2 專利....................................................................................... 4
1.2.3 穩態響應之研究................................................................... 4
1.2.4 暫態響應之研究................................................................... 5
1.3 研究方法與流程……………………………………………….. 7
1.4 論文架構……………………………………………………….. 7
圖片…………………………………………………………………. 8
第二章 系統概述及研究方法 12
2.1 系統概述.................................................................................... 12
2.2 運動方程式之建構法則............................................................ 12
2.2.1 D’Alembert原理............................................................... 13
2.2.2 Lagrange方程式............................................................... 13
2.3 碰撞模型介紹............................................................................ 14
2.3.1 接觸剛性之型式................................................................. 15
2.3.2 接觸阻尼之型式................................................................. 16
2.4 系統穩定性判別法.................................................................... 17
圖片………………………………………………………………... 19
第三章 系統模型之建立與驗證 21
3.1 模型建構.................................................................................... 21
3.1.1 系統運動方程式................................................................. 22
3.1.2 碰撞關係判別式................................................................. 26
3.1.3 接觸阻尼值之估算............................................................. 29
3.2 平衡位置分析............................................................................ 32
3.2.1 平衡位置之推導................................................................. 33
3.2.2 平衡位置之穩定性分析..................................................... 33
3.3 模型之暫態行為驗證................................................................ 35
表格………………………………………………………………... 37
圖片………………………………………………………………... 42
第四章 時域暫態模擬分析 50
4.1 前言…………………………………………………………… 50
4.1.1 分析指標............................................................................. 50
4.1.2 主軸加速度曲線................................................................. 51
4.2 暫態行為之基礎特性分析........................................................ 52
4.2.1 滾珠質量的作用................................................................. 52
4.2.2 滾珠間碰撞關係式的作用................................................. 53
4.2.3 滾珠初始位置之作用......................................................... 54
4.3 敏感度分析................................................................................ 56
4.3.1 參數範圍............................................................................. 56
4.3.2 結果與討論......................................................................... 57
4.4 成果檢討與設計建議................................................................ 65
表格………………………………………………………………... 67
圖片………………………………………………………………... 68
第五章 結論 83
5.1 綜合結論.................................................................................... 83
5.2 未來展望與研究方向................................................................ 84
參考文獻 85
附錄一 89
A1.1 平衡位置之推導過程.............................................................. 89
附錄二 95
A2.1 系統之線性化賈可比矩陣...................................................... 9
Additional Nitrogen Ion-Implantation Treatment in STI to Relax the Intrinsic Compressive Stress for n-MOSFETs
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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