1,720,953 research outputs found
Analysis on Taiwan’s Post-War Entry and Exit Policy:1949-2010
No full text入出國管理無論在法理或是實踐上，均可謂國家安全的第一道防線，在國家社會整體利益的保障，有其不可否認的重要性。本文研究旨趣，係以政經環境與偏差動員之分析觀點，研究戰後我國入出國管理政策變遷的歷史脈絡與因果關係。依當時政經環境與政策特性，本文將我國入出國管理政策區分為「威權統治」、「國際孤立」、「民主轉型」與「全球競合」四時期。研究發現，1949年國府遷臺後，政府藉由軍情共治的入出國管理政策，維護國家安全與威權統治，營造出對外封閉的社會及共同社會價值，以鞏固執政黨的統治基礎。當失去美國奧援後，我國於1971年退出聯合國，日漸孤立於國際社會之外。為重獲民眾支持，入出國管理走向開放，配合國家經濟發展的大政方針，奠定了入出國管理長期開放運作與現代化作業的基礎。1987年解嚴後，臺灣開始民主化，在社會多元化的趨力下，入出國管理政策重新檢討，最終成立專責單位，因應社會需求。歷經2008年第二次政黨輪替，臺灣的民主已經鞏固。然而，在全球化犯罪與恐怖主義威脅下，入出國管理業務面臨來自國際的壓力與兩岸交流帶來的艱鉅挑戰，乃開始建構高科技化的國際性大型資訊系統，邁入專業化與高科技化的方向。
本文除彙整研究過去入出國管理政策變遷的各種影響因素外，在結論中更進一步參酌國內外對未來環境發展的預測，指出未來我國入出國管理可能面臨的問題與挑戰，並建議入出國管理機關應先加強人員與管理機制品質，提高風險管理能力、強化對未來環境掌握，以院級或國安層級之協調機制，輔助入出國管理政策之決策與執行，以克盡國家安全把關責任與落實政府良善治理目標。Entry and Exit Management, as the first fortress of national security, holds undeniable importance to a nation’s overall benefits. The broad objective of this study is to explore the changing trends and causality in Taiwan’s post-war entry and exit policy via political economy analysis based on the perspective of mobilization of bias.
Based on the attributes of Taiwan’s political and economy environments, the history of Taiwan’s post-war entry and exit policy is divided to 4 eras: “Authoritarian Era”, “International Isolation Era”, “Democracy Transformation Era” and “Global Coopetition Era.” This study shows that KMT Government created a closed society and thus a solid ruling basis via a military-intelligence co-controlled entry and exit policy after relocating to Taiwan in 1949. When losing the US support in 1970s, the R.O.C. in Taiwan not only withdrawed from United Nations in 1971, but was since isolated from the international society. In order to regain public support from Taiwanese people, the KMT Government changed to take aim on economic development and managed to open up its control of Taiwan society. This policy change had founded the open operation and modernization of latter entry and exit policy in Taiwan.
After the termination of martial law in 1987, Taiwan was gradually democratized and hence a plural society was formed. Entry and exit policy was reviewed and renewed to match the society’s new needs, and National Immigration Agency was established in 2007 to take charge of border control and immigration affairs. Now that Taiwan has stepped into democracy consolidation after the second party alternation in power in 2008. However, despite the achievement of democratization, what awaited the KMT Ma government are new challenges of global crimes, terrorist attacks, pressure from international politics and the changing cross-strait relations. With challenges above, Taiwan’s entry and exit management is continuously specialized, adopting state-of-the-art technologies to construct large international information systems.
In conclusion, this study not only collates influencing factors of entry and exit policy changes but predicts potential challenges to Taiwan’s entry and exit management by referring to future prediction reports from domestic and international think tanks. Suggestions for the National Immigration Agency and decision-makers are outlined as follow: (1) Strengthening risk management capacity, (2) Enhancing future prediction and improving policy quality by scenario-based decision making, (3) Assisting policy coordination by a higher level decision-making mechanism (EY level or National-Security level), (4) Improving quality of personnel and management mechanisms
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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