5,374 research outputs found
A Two-Stage Image Segmentation Method Using a Convex Variant of the Mumford--Shah Model and Thresholding
No full textThe Mumford–Shah model is one of the most important image segmentation models and has been studied extensively in the last twenty years. In this paper, we propose a two-stage segmentation method based on the Mumford–Shah model. The first stage of our method is to find a smooth
solution g to a convex variant of the Mumford–Shah model. Once g is obtained, then in the second stage the segmentation is done by thresholding g into different phases. The thresholds can be given by the users or can be obtained automatically using any clustering methods. Because of the convexity of the model, g can be solved efficiently by techniques like the split-Bregman algorithm or the Chambolle–Pock method. We prove that our method is convergent and that the solution g is always unique. In our method, there is no need to specify the number of segments K (K ≥ 2) before finding g. We can obtain any K-phase segmentations by choosing (K − 1) thresholds after g is found in the first stage, and in the second stage there is no need to recompute g if the thresholds are changed to reveal different segmentation features in the image.Experimental results show that our two-stage method performs better than many standard two-phase or multiphase segmentation methods for very general images, including antimass, tubular, MRI, noisy, and blurry images
A study on idiomatic phrases in Chan texts
No full textChan documents, as an important source for conducting research in Medieval Chinese, contain a large number of colloquial words. Idioms, most of them deriving from the popular expressions, abound in Chan texts reflecting the colloquialisms and regional words of Medieval Chinese and Early Mandarin. Whereas some of the idioms found in medieval Chan texts are inherited or adapted from literary works of previous times, the majority of words reflect the colloquial language of the respective period. Some of these idioms are used only in Chan documents, and some expressions also had a certain impact on the spoken language of subsequent period. In this thesis idiomatic phrases in Chan texts are the main research object, and the contents include the following aspects:
The first chapter consists of the introduction, which briefly discusses the definition, scope and nature of idioms, debates the style of idioms, examines the relationship between Chan texts and idioms, and determines the research method and research content of the thesis.
The second chapter focuses on the origin of idioms. According to the origin of the idioms, the idioms are divided into four groups: secular literature, Buddhist sutras, Chan texts and contemporary colloquialisms.
The third chapter focuses on the diachronic development of idioms, and discusses the relationship between idioms in Chan texts and the previous literary works, as well as their composition and their influence.
The fourth chapter summarizes the linguistic features of Chan idioms, including the various semantic levels, the flexible morphology, and the patterns they occur in.
The fifth chapter discusses the research on the interpretation of idioms, evaluates the interpretation of some entries in relevant dictionaries, and focuses on the interpretation of idioms that are not included in dictionaries and other reference works.
The sixth chapter discusses the relationship between Chan idioms and the compilation of dictionaries, and discusses the deficiencies of existing idiom dictionaries. It also views Chan texts from the angle of compiling word lists, as well as focusing on the identification of dictionary entries and the documentation of reference material
Optimal beaconing control for epidemic routing in delay tolerant networks
No full textOwing to the uncertainty of transmission opportunities between mobile nodes, the routing in delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) exploits the mechanism of opportunistic forwarding. Energy-efficient algorithms and policies for DTN are crucial to maximizing the message delivery probability while reducing the delivery cost. In this contribution, we investigate the problem of energy-efficient optimal beaconing control in a DTN. We model the message dissemination under variable beaconing rate with a continuous-time Markov model. Based on this model, we then formulate the optimization problem of the optimal beaconing control for epidemic routing and obtain the optimal threshold policy from the solution of this optimization problem. Furthermore, through extensive numerical results, we demonstrate that the proposed optimal threshold policy significantly outperforms the static policy with constant beaconing rate in terms of system energy consumption savings
An efficient and versatile variational method for high-dimensional data classification
No full textHigh-dimensional data classification is a fundamental task in machine learning and imaging science. In this paper, we propose an efficient and versatile multi-class semi-supervised classification method for classifying high-dimensional data and unstructured point clouds. To begin with, a warm initialization is generated by using a fuzzy classification method such as the standard support vector machine or random labeling. Then an unconstraint convex variational model is proposed to purify and smooth the initialization, followed by a step which is to project the smoothed partition obtained previously to a binary partition. These steps can be repeated, with the latest result as a new initialization, to keep improving the classification quality. We show that the convex model of the smoothing step has a unique solution and can be solved by a specifically designed primal–dual algorithm whose convergence is guaranteed. We test our method and compare it with the state-of-the-art methods on several benchmark data sets. Thorough experimental results demonstrate that our method is superior in both the classification accuracy and computation speed for high-dimensional data and point clouds.</p
A two-stage classification method for high-dimensional data and point clouds
No full textHigh-dimensional data classification is a fundamental task in machine learning and imaging science. In this paper, we propose a two-stage multiphase semi-supervised classification method for classifying high-dimensional data and unstructured point clouds. To begin with, a fuzzy classification method such as the standard support vector machine is used to generate a warm initialization. We then apply a two-stage approach named SaT (smoothing and thresholding) to improve the classification. In the first stage, an unconstraint convex variational model is implemented to purify and smooth the initialization, followed by the second stage which is to project the smoothed partition obtained at stage one to a binary partition. These two stages can be repeated, with the latest result as a new initialization, to keep improving the classification quality. We show that the convex model of the smoothing stage has a unique solution and can be solved by a specifically designed primal-dual algorithm whose convergence is guaranteed. We test our method and compare it with the state-of-the-art methods on several benchmark data sets. The experimental results demonstrate clearly that our method is superior in both the classification accuracy and computation speed for high-dimensional data and point clouds
An overview of SaT segmentation methodology and its applications in image processing
No full textAs a fundamental and challenging task in many subjects such as image processing and computer vision, image segmentation is of great importance but is constantly challenging to deliver, particularly, when the given images or data are corrupted by different types of degradations like noise, information loss, and/or blur. In this article, we introduce a segmentation methodology – smoothing and thresholding (SaT) – which can provide a flexible way of producing superior segmentation results with fast and reliable numerical implementations. A bunch of methods based on this methodology are to be presented, including many applications with different types of degraded images in image processing.</p
[[alternative]]A Study of the Practical Implications of “Fo Guang Chan” in Hsing Yun's Chan Stories
No full text[[abstract]] 星雲大師認為佛法不在於多麼高深莫測，而是要能「給人懂」，於是透過《星雲禪話》講述種種公案，結合當代社會需求與問題，乃至進一步提出疑情，提供現代參禪者思維練習。而星雲大師作為臨濟宗第四十八代傳人，上承臨濟法脈，下開展出佛光禪，故透過《星雲禪話》展現當代意義再詮釋，讓禪法走入生活為我們所用。《星雲禪話》作為現代燈錄，且一開始是以報紙、電視台等傳播媒介，面對廣大的閱聽者，在內容上，星雲大師不只增補公案細節，加上情境，並在每篇公案的篇末以「養心法語」作為對公案的提點；不僅讓讀者認識禪宗公案，也能進一步了解從現代社會看待公案方式。 因此，本論文透過公案的闡釋，回應當代社會與現代人所遇到的修學禪法的問題，乃至身心狀態。故以三、四章佛光禪的修學次第來分析《星雲禪話》的公案，分別探究《星雲禪話》中的道前次地──預備道、善行道、信行道；以及三學次第──戒行道、定行道、慧行道。分析並爬梳公案的取材類型、詮釋敘事特色以及對於現代社會的提點；希望透過符應修道次第分類的公案，搭配星雲大師對公案的現代詮釋，使參禪者乃至閱讀者除了可以在文字義上參透公案，亦能次第行道，實踐佛光禪之人間性、菩薩行。[[abstract]] Venerable Master Hsing Yun believes that the essence of Buddhism lies not in its profound and mysterious nature but in its ability to be understood by people. Therefore, through his book “Hsing Yun's Chan Stories,” he narrates various Chan stories and combines them with contemporary social needs and issues. He further introduces the concept of “questioning” to provide modern Chan practitioners with a framework for contemplative practice. As the 48th-generation descendant of the Linji school, Venerable Master Hsing Yun inherits the Linji Chan lineage and expands it into the Fo Guang Chan. Thus, through “Hsing Yun’s Chan Stories,” he presents a contemporary reinterpretation of Chan, allowing it to be applied in our daily lives. Serving as a modern version of the recorded sayings of Chan masters, the book was initially disseminated through media such as newspapers and television, reaching a wide audience. In terms of content, Venerable Master Hsing Yun not only adds details and contextualizes the Chan stories but also provides “words for nurturing the mind” at the end of each case, offering guidance and insights. This not only allows readers to become acquainted with Chan stories but also helps them understand how to approach these cases from the perspective of modern society. Therefore, this thesis analyzes the Chan cases in “Hsing Yun’s Chan Stories” to address the issues faced by contemporary society and individuals in studying and practicing Chan, including their mental and physical states. Chapters 3 and 4 analyze the stages of Fo Guang Chan practice, which include pre-path stages (preparing the path, cultivating virtuous conduct, and cultivating faith in practice) and the three main stages of learning (observing precepts, cultivating concentration, and practicing wisdom). The thesis examines the types of cases, narrative characteristics, and contemporary insights provided in “Hsing Yun's Chan Stories.” By categorizing the cases according to the stages of spiritual cultivation and combining them with Venerable Master Hsing Yun's modern interpretations, the aim is to guide Chan practitioners and readers to not only understand the meaning of the cases but also progress in their spiritual cultivation, embodying the humanistic and bodhisattva aspects of Fo Guang Chan
Analysis of Fu Caiyun's “dissolute beauty” and Zeng Pu's “struggle between two minds” ：a study based on Bakhtin's polyphony in perspective
No full textFu Caiyun, the Reckless Beauty ””, is the most complex artistic character created by Zeng Pu in Sinful Sea F l owers, which has received mixed reviews from academics. The reason for the controversy is the obvious polyphony of Sinful Sea Flowers. Zeng Pu does not narrate Fu Caiyun's story with the absolute authority of the author, Fu Caiyun has a subjective position in the novel , and she expresses her own voice and forms a double subject dialogue with the author Zeng Pu's voice. Thus Fu Caiyun becomes a Reckless beauty with polyphonic characteristics in Sinful Sea Flowers. The polyphony of Reckless Beauty is the result of Zeng Pu's two minds struggle with the historical and cultural context in which he lives . The blending of new and old identities, the cultural dialogue between Chinese and Western influences are internal conflicts that impacted Zeng Pu' s rewriting of Fu Caiyun, rendering her character with a polyphonic nature of multiple voices. The text is filled with dialogues between Zeng Pu's self ””' and the other Fu Caiyun. Essentially, this represents a double voiced polyphony of Zeng Pu's consci o us and unconscious minds, embodying the struggle between two minds within his internal subjective world
Analysis of Fu Caiyun's “Dissolute Beauty” and Zeng Pu's “Struggle Between Two Minds” ：a study based on Bakhtin's Polyphony in perspective
No full textFu Caiyun, the “Reckless Beauty”, is the most complex artistic character created
by Zeng Pu in Sinful Sea Flowers, which has received mixed reviews from academics.
The reason for the controversy is the obvious polyphony of Sinful Sea Flowers. Zeng Pu
does not narrate Fu Caiyun's story with the absolute authority of the author, Fu Caiyun
has a subjective position in the novel, and she expresses her own voice and forms a
double-subject dialogue with the author Zeng Pu's voice. Thus Fu Caiyun becomes a
“Reckless beauty” with polyphonic characteristics in Sinful Sea Flowers. The
polyphony of “Reckless Beauty” is the result of Zeng Pu's “two minds struggle” with
the historical and cultural context in which he lives. The blending of “new” and “old”
identities, the cultural dialogue between “Chinese” and “Western” influences are
internal conflicts that impacted Zeng Pu's rewriting of Fu Caiyun, rendering her
character with a polyphonic nature of multiple voices. The text is filled with dialogues
between Zeng Pu's “self”' and the “other” Fu Caiyun. Essentially, this represents a
double-voiced polyphony of Zeng Pu's conscious and unconscious minds, embodying
the “struggle between two minds” within his internal subjective world
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