1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Biological Ageing: Statistical analysis of physical and biochemical biomarkers in UK Biobank
Full text linkBackground: Age is the strongest risk factor for most chronic diseases, yet individuals age biologically at different rates. Summarising patterns of biomarkers that contribute strongly to overall and body system-specific ageing into biological and body system (bodily) ages may aid health risk communication and disease prevention. A systematic review (undertaken within this thesis) found that biological ages indicated or predicted poorer health, but few studies conducted validation or followed good practice for estimating and reporting biological ages.
Methods: Among 480,019 UK Biobank participants aged 40–70 followed up for 6–12 years via linked death registry and hospital records, analyses focused on 141,254 (29.4%) participants healthy at baseline. Sex-specific biological ages were estimated from biomarker principal components (characterised from 72 physical and biochemical biomarkers) via two main approaches: (1) the age-based Klemera Doubal method, which emphasised biomarkers strongly related to chronological age, and (2) a novel disease risk-based approach of aggregating 8 body system ages (artery, musculoskeletal, gut, cardiac, metabolic disease, inflammatory, neurological and lung ages, each estimated using Cox lasso models) using a multi-state model. The proportions of the overall biological and chronological age effects on mortality from chronic disease, age-related frailty and the 8 groups of diseases explained by bodily ages were assessed using likelihood-based measures.
Results: In healthy participants, reduced lung function, reduced kidney function, slower reaction time, lower insulin-like-growth factor 1 and lower hand grip strength strongly featured in the age-based biological age, while higher general adiposity was a shared risk factor across body system ages and therefore featured strongest in the disease risk-based biological age (together with lower central adiposity in men and lower hand grip strength in women). Although key biomarkers of body system ages were generally different from each other and from biomarkers strongly related to chronological age, biomarker patterns of body system ages apart from neurological age were moderately correlated (=0.15–0.69). Gut, cardiac and neurological ages for men, and musculoskeletal and neurological ages for women contributed substantially to the prediction of mortality and frailty in the disease risk-based biological age.
The age-based biological age overlapped with chronological age to explain two-thirds of the overall biological and chronological age effects on mortality and frailty. Biomarker constituents of the disease risk-based vs age-based biological ages alone explained 11–17% vs 2–8% of the overall effects on mortality and frailty, and the largest improvement was for frailty in healthy women. These proportions were higher when the analysis was repeated in the whole UK Biobank population (25–38% vs 15–35% for disease risk-based vs age-based biological ages). Biomarker constituents of body system ages explained 24–81% of the overall effects for their respective diseases in healthy participants.
Conclusions: Bodily ages, particularly the novel disease risk-based ages, improved our understanding of the biomarker-disease relationships represented by chronological age and improved prognosis of later life health outcomes. Biomarkers across a range of body systems described a common ageing effect and substantial proportions of age effects on later life health, supporting a broader, multi-system risk-based approach to research and prevention of diseases of ageing
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
